{
  "nbformat": 4,
  "nbformat_minor": 0,
  "metadata": {
    "colab": {
      "provenance": []
    },
    "kernelspec": {
      "name": "python3",
      "display_name": "Python 3"
    },
    "language_info": {
      "name": "python"
    }
  },
  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "#Learn to use Jina AI’s Reader API for webscraping and search grounding\n",
        "---\n",
        "\n",
        "Web Scraping is the process of extracting data from websites.\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "### Usecases\n",
        "- Reader API solves extracting clean web content\n",
        "- Reducing unwanted tokens\n",
        "- LLMs benefit from structured, clean input\n",
        "- Ease of use\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ezdTqF14zW8c"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "! pip install requests"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "vHr5HYTKzCPo",
        "outputId": "fa80c3e1-3e2e-477f-9daa-a8bf78548afd"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Requirement already satisfied: requests in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (2.32.3)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from requests) (3.3.2)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from requests) (3.10)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from requests) (2.2.3)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (from requests) (2024.8.30)\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "import requests"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "mqWuAXM_0VEl"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Getting the API Key from Jina AI Reader API"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "7wDrujDq7OBl"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "api_key = \"jina_a83d3c168d1b438894e425f5fee2295e_T9yWjnnSJ30MjSzHrP7G8yRF1_U\" # Replace with your API key"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "kIRoGBfi7K77"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Define the Jina Reader API endpoint\n",
        "api_url = \"https://r.jina.ai\"\n",
        "\n",
        "api_key = api_key\n",
        "url_to_scrape = \"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.\"  # Replace with the URL you want to scrape"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "whj6sYLg-UKk"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Make a request to Jina Reader API\n",
        "headers = {\"Authorization\": f\"Bearer {api_key}\"}\n",
        "response = requests.get(f\"{api_url}/{url_to_scrape}\", headers=headers)\n",
        "\n",
        "if response.status_code == 200:\n",
        "    content = response.text\n",
        "    print(\"Extracted content:\", content)\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    print(\"Failed to scrape the content\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "collapsed": true,
        "id": "n5gcaDUV9_wP",
        "outputId": "c9d5898e-4faf-411e-fe8f-e7012cf50146"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Extracted content: Title: Tesla, Inc.\n",
            "\n",
            "URL Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.\n",
            "\n",
            "Published Time: 2006-06-12T17:34:14Z\n",
            "\n",
            "Markdown Content:\n",
            "\"Tesla Motors\" redirects here. For electric motors invented by Nikola Tesla, see [Induction motor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_motor \"Induction motor\") and [AC motor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_motor \"AC motor\").\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla, Inc.\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Tesla_Motors.svg/130px-Tesla_Motors.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Motors.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gigafactory_Texas_Building_1_June_2022.jpg/250px-Gigafactory_Texas_Building_1_June_2022.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gigafactory_Texas_Building_1_June_2022.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Gigafactory Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Texas \"Gigafactory Texas\"), Tesla's [headquarters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headquarters \"Headquarters\"), in [Austin, Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin,_Texas \"Austin, Texas\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Formerly\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Motors, Inc. (2003–2017)\n",
            "\n",
            "Company type\n",
            "\n",
            "[Public](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_company \"Public company\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Traded as](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ticker_symbol \"Ticker symbol\")\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Nasdaq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasdaq \"Nasdaq\"): [TSLA](https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/tsla)\n",
            "*   [Nasdaq-100](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasdaq-100 \"Nasdaq-100\") component\n",
            "*   [S&P 100](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%26P_100 \"S&P 100\") component\n",
            "*   [S&P 500](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%26P_500 \"S&P 500\") component\n",
            "\n",
            "[ISIN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number \"International Securities Identification Number\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[US88160R1014](https://isin.toolforge.org/?language=en&isin=US88160R1014)\n",
            "\n",
            "Industry\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Automotive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_industry \"Automotive industry\")\n",
            "*   [Renewable energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_industry \"Renewable energy industry\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Founded\n",
            "\n",
            "July 1, 2003; 21 years ago in [San Carlos, California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Carlos,_California \"San Carlos, California\"), U.S.\n",
            "\n",
            "Founders\n",
            "\n",
            "[Martin Eberhard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Eberhard \"Martin Eberhard\")  \n",
            "[Marc Tarpenning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Tarpenning \"Marc Tarpenning\")  \n",
            "(See [§ Founding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#Founding_\\(2003%E2%80%932004\\)))\n",
            "\n",
            "Headquarters\n",
            "\n",
            "[Austin, Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin,_Texas \"Austin, Texas\")\n",
            "\n",
            ",U.S.\n",
            "\n",
            "Number of locations\n",
            "\n",
            "1,208 sales, service and delivery centers\n",
            "\n",
            "Area served\n",
            "\n",
            "*   East Asia\n",
            "*   Europe\n",
            "*   Middle East\n",
            "*   North America\n",
            "*   Oceania\n",
            "*   Southeast Asia\n",
            "\n",
            "Key people\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Robyn Denholm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robyn_Denholm \"Robyn Denholm\") ([Chair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chair_/(officer/) \"Chair (officer)\"))\n",
            "*   [Elon Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk \"Elon Musk\") ([CEO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_executive_officer \"Chief executive officer\"))\n",
            "\n",
            "Products\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Model S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_S \"Tesla Model S\")\n",
            "*   [Model X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_X \"Tesla Model X\")\n",
            "*   [Model 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_3 \"Tesla Model 3\")\n",
            "*   [Model Y](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_Y \"Tesla Model Y\")\n",
            "*   [Semi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Semi \"Tesla Semi\")\n",
            "*   [Cybertruck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Cybertruck \"Tesla Cybertruck\")\n",
            "*   [Powerwall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Powerwall \"Tesla Powerwall\")\n",
            "*   [Megapack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Megapack \"Tesla Megapack\")\n",
            "*   [Solar Panels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_solar_panels \"Tesla solar panels\")\n",
            "*   [Solar Roof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Solar_Roof \"Tesla Solar Roof\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Production output\n",
            "\n",
            "*   ![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png) 1,845,985 vehicles (2023)\n",
            "*   ![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png) 14.7 GWh battery energy storage systems (2023)\n",
            "*   ![Decrease](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png) 223 MW solar (2023)\n",
            "\n",
            "Services\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Charging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Supercharger \"Tesla Supercharger\")\n",
            "*   [insurance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#Insurance)\n",
            "*   [maintenance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#Vehicle_servicing)\n",
            "\n",
            "Revenue\n",
            "\n",
            "![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png) [US$](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar \"United States dollar\")96.8 billion (2023)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Operating income](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes \"Earnings before interest and taxes\")\n",
            "\n",
            "![Decrease](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png) US$8.9 billion (2023)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Net income](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_income \"Net income\")\n",
            "\n",
            "![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png) US$15.0 billion (2023)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Total assets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset \"Asset\")\n",
            "\n",
            "![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png) US$106.6 billion (2023)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Total equity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equity_/(finance/) \"Equity (finance)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png) US$62.6 billion (2023)\n",
            "\n",
            "Owner\n",
            "\n",
            "Elon Musk (13%)[\\[1\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-1)\n",
            "\n",
            "Number of employees\n",
            "\n",
            "![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png) 140,473 (2023)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Subsidiaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidiary \"Subsidiary\")\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Tesla Automation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Automation \"Tesla Automation\")\n",
            "*   [Tesla Energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Energy \"Tesla Energy\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Website\n",
            "\n",
            "[tesla.com](https://www.tesla.com/)\n",
            "\n",
            "**Footnotes / references**  \n",
            "Financials as of December 31, 2023.  \n",
            "References: [\\[2\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-10K_2023-2)[\\[3\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Q4_2023_Shareholder_Deck-3)[\\[4\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Forbes_Musk-4)\n",
            "\n",
            "**Tesla, Inc.** ( [_TESS\\-lə_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key \"Help:Pronunciation respelling key\") or [_TEZ\\-lə_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key \"Help:Pronunciation respelling key\")[\\[a\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-6)) is an American multinational [automotive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive \"Automotive\") and [clean energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_energy \"Clean energy\") company. Headquartered in [Austin, Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin,_Texas \"Austin, Texas\"), it designs, manufactures and sells [battery electric vehicles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle \"Battery electric vehicle\") (BEVs), stationary battery [energy storage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_storage \"Energy storage\") devices from home to [grid-scale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-scale_storage \"Grid-scale storage\"), [solar panels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel \"Solar panel\") and [solar shingles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_shingles \"Solar shingles\"), and related products and services.\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla was founded in July 2003 by [Martin Eberhard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Eberhard \"Martin Eberhard\") and [Marc Tarpenning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Tarpenning \"Marc Tarpenning\") as **Tesla Motors**. Its name is a tribute to inventor and electrical engineer [Nikola Tesla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_Tesla \"Nikola Tesla\"). In February 2004, [Elon Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk \"Elon Musk\") joined as Tesla's largest shareholder; in 2008, he was named [chief executive officer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_executive_officer \"Chief executive officer\"). In 2008, the company began production of its first car model, the [Roadster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Roadster_/(first_generation/) \"Tesla Roadster (first generation)\") sports car, followed by the [Model S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_S \"Tesla Model S\") sedan in 2012, the [Model X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_X \"Tesla Model X\") SUV in 2015, the [Model 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_3 \"Tesla Model 3\") sedan in 2017, the [Model Y](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_Y \"Tesla Model Y\") crossover in 2020, the [Tesla Semi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Semi \"Tesla Semi\") truck in 2022 and the [Cybertruck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybertruck \"Cybertruck\") pickup truck in 2023. In June 2021 the Model 3 became the first electric car to sell 1 million units globally.[\\[6\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-1miModel3-7) In 2023, the Model Y was the best-selling vehicle, of any kind, globally,[\\[7\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-8) and became the all-time best-selling [plug-in electric car](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug-in_electric_car \"Plug-in electric car\") worldwide.[\\[8\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-9)\\[_[unreliable source?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources \"Wikipedia:Reliable sources\")_\\]\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla is one of the [world's most valuable companies in terms of market capitalization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_public_corporations_by_market_capitalization \"List of public corporations by market capitalization\"). In October 2021, Tesla temporarily became a [trillion-dollar company](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillion-dollar_company \"Trillion-dollar company\"), the seventh U.S. company to do so. In 2023, the company led the battery electric vehicle market, with 19.9% share. Also in 2023, the company was ranked 69th in the [Forbes Global 2000](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes_Global_2000 \"Forbes Global 2000\").[\\[9\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-10) As of March 2024, it is the world's most valuable automaker. Tesla has been the subject of lawsuits, government scrutiny, and journalistic [criticism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Tesla,_Inc. \"Criticism of Tesla, Inc.\"), stemming from allegations of multiple cases of [whistleblower](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whistleblower \"Whistleblower\") retaliation, worker rights violations such as sexual harassment and anti-union activities, safety defects leading to dozens of recalls, the lack of a [public relations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_relations \"Public relations\") department, and controversial statements from Musk including [overpromising](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Elon_Musk%27s_FSD_predictions \"List of Elon Musk's FSD predictions\") on the company's [driving assist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_driver-assistance_system \"Advanced driver-assistance system\") technology and product release timelines.\n",
            "\n",
            "History\n",
            "-------\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tesla_Roadster_Sport_insignia_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Tesla_Roadster_Sport_insignia_%28cropped%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Roadster_Sport_insignia_/(cropped/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Motors insignia as seen on a [Tesla Roadster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Roadster_/(first_generation/) \"Tesla Roadster (first generation)\"), c. 2010\n",
            "\n",
            "### Founding (2003–2004)\n",
            "\n",
            "The company was incorporated as Tesla Motors, Inc. on July 1, 2003, by [Martin Eberhard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Eberhard \"Martin Eberhard\") and [Marc Tarpenning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Tarpenning \"Marc Tarpenning\").[\\[10\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVance2015152-11)[\\[11\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-12) They served as [chief executive officer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_executive_officer \"Chief executive officer\") and [chief financial officer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_financial_officer \"Chief financial officer\"), respectively.[\\[12\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-timelinefacts-13) Eberhard said that he wanted to build \"a car manufacturer that is also a technology company\", with its core technologies as \"the battery, the computer software, and the proprietary motor\".[\\[13\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-14)\n",
            "\n",
            "Ian Wright was Tesla's third employee, joining a few months later.[\\[10\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVance2015152-11) In February 2004, the company raised US$7.5 million (equivalent to $12 million in 2023) in [series A funding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_A_funding \"Series A funding\"), including $6.5 million (equivalent to $10 million in 2023) from Elon Musk, who had received $100 million from the sale of his interest in [PayPal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal \"PayPal\") two years earlier. Musk became the chairman of the board of directors and the largest shareholder of Tesla.[\\[14\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVance2015154-15)[\\[15\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-TC_history_2014-16)[\\[12\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-timelinefacts-13) [J. B. Straubel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._B._Straubel \"J. B. Straubel\") joined Tesla in May 2004 as [chief technical officer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_technical_officer \"Chief technical officer\").[\\[16\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVance2015155-17)\n",
            "\n",
            "A lawsuit settlement agreed to by Eberhard and Tesla in September 2009 allows all five – Eberhard, Tarpenning, Wright, Musk, and Straubel – to call themselves co-founders.[\\[17\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-18)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Roadster (2005–2009)\n",
            "\n",
            "Elon Musk took an active role within the company, but was not deeply involved in day-to-day business operations.[\\[18\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-19) The company's strategy was to start with a premium sports car aimed at [early adopters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_adopter \"Early adopter\") and then move into more mainstream vehicles, including sedans and affordable compacts.[\\[19\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-MasterPlan-20)\n",
            "\n",
            "In February 2006, Musk led Tesla's Series B [venture capital funding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture_capital_funding \"Venture capital funding\") round of $13 million, which added Valor Equity Partners to the funding team.[\\[20\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-21)[\\[15\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-TC_history_2014-16) Musk co-led the third, $40 million round in May 2006 which saw investment from prominent entrepreneurs including [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google \"Google\") co-founders [Sergey Brin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergey_Brin \"Sergey Brin\") and [Larry Page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Page \"Larry Page\"), and former [eBay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBay \"EBay\") President [Jeff Skoll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Skoll \"Jeff Skoll\").[\\[21\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GreenGiants-22) A fourth round worth $45 million in May 2007 brought the total private financing investment to over $105 million.[\\[21\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GreenGiants-22)\n",
            "\n",
            "In August 2007, Eberhard was asked by the board, led by Elon Musk, to step down as CEO.[\\[22\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-23) Eberhard then took the title of \"President of Technology\" before ultimately leaving the company in January 2008. Co-founder Marc Tarpenning, who served as the Vice President of Electrical Engineering of the company, also left the company in January 2008.[\\[23\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-24) In August 2007, Michael Marks was brought in as interim CEO, and in December 2007, [Ze'ev Drori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ze%27ev_Drori \"Ze'ev Drori\") became CEO and President.[\\[24\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-the-origin-25) Musk succeeded Drori as CEO in October 2008.[\\[24\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-the-origin-25) In June 2009, Eberhard filed a lawsuit against Musk for allegedly forcing him out.[\\[25\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-26) The case was dismissed in August 2009.[\\[26\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-27)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla began production of the Roadster in 2008 inside the service bays of a former [Chevrolet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet \"Chevrolet\") dealership in Menlo Park.[\\[27\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-28)[\\[28\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-29) By January 2009, Tesla had raised $187 million and delivered 147 cars. Musk had contributed $70 million of his own money to the company.[\\[29\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-30)\n",
            "\n",
            "In June 2009, Tesla was approved to receive $465 million in interest-bearing loans from the [United States Department of Energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy \"United States Department of Energy\"). The funding, part of the $8 billion [Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Technology_Vehicles_Manufacturing_Loan_Program \"Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program\"), supported the engineering and production of the Model S sedan, as well as the development of commercial powertrain technology.[\\[30\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-31) Tesla repaid the loan in May 2013, with $12 million in interest.[\\[31\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-32)[\\[32\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-33)\n",
            "\n",
            "### IPO, Model S, and Model X (2010–2015)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tesla_Model_S_first_deliveries.jpg/220px-Tesla_Model_S_first_deliveries.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Model_S_first_deliveries.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "First deliveries of Model S at the [Tesla Fremont Factory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Fremont_Factory \"Tesla Fremont Factory\") in California, in June 2012\n",
            "\n",
            "In May 2010, Tesla purchased the [NUMMI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUMMI \"NUMMI\") plant in [Fremont, California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremont,_California \"Fremont, California\") from Toyota for $42 million.[\\[33\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Future-34) On June 29, 2010, the company went public via an [initial public offering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_public_offering \"Initial public offering\") (IPO) on the [NASDAQ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASDAQ \"NASDAQ\"), the first American car company to do so since the [Ford Motor Company](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company \"Ford Motor Company\") had its IPO in 1956.[\\[34\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-35) The company issued 13.3 million shares of common stock at a price of $17 per share, raising $226 million.[\\[35\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-36)\n",
            "\n",
            "In October 2010, Tesla opened the [Tesla Factory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Factory \"Tesla Factory\") to start production of the Model S.[\\[36\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-37) In January 2012, Tesla ceased production of the Roadster, and in June 2012 the company launched its second car, the Model S luxury sedan.[\\[37\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-38) The Model S won several automotive awards during 2012 and 2013, including the 2013 [Motor Trend Car of the Year](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_Trend_Car_of_the_Year \"Motor Trend Car of the Year\"),[\\[38\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Award2013-39) and became the first electric car to top the monthly sales ranking of a country, when it topped the Norwegian new car sales list in September 2013.[\\[39\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Voelcker-40) The Model S was also the best-selling plug-in electric car worldwide for the years 2015 and 2016.[\\[40\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Top10PEVs2016-41)\n",
            "\n",
            "On July 15, 2013, Tesla became a [NASDAQ-100](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASDAQ-100 \"NASDAQ-100\") company.[\\[41\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-42)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla announced the [Tesla Autopilot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Autopilot \"Tesla Autopilot\"), a driver-assistance system, in 2014. In September that year, all Tesla cars started shipping with sensors and software to support the feature, with what would later be called \"hardware version 1\".[\\[42\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-43)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla entered the energy storage market, unveiling its [Tesla Powerwall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Powerwall \"Tesla Powerwall\") (home) and [Tesla Powerpack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Powerpack \"Tesla Powerpack\") (business) battery packs in April 2015.[\\[43\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-44) The company received orders valued at $800 million within a week of the unveiling.[\\[44\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-45)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla began shipping its third vehicle, the luxury SUV [Tesla Model X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_X \"Tesla Model X\"), in September 2015, which had 25,000 pre-orders at the time.[\\[45\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-46)[\\[46\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-47)\n",
            "\n",
            "### SolarCity and Model 3 (2016–2018)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla entered the solar installation business in November 2016 with the purchase of [SolarCity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SolarCity \"SolarCity\"), in an all-stock $2.6 billion deal.[\\[47\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-48) The business was merged with Tesla's existing battery energy storage products division to form the [Tesla Energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Energy \"Tesla Energy\") subsidiary.[\\[48\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-49) The deal was controversial because at the time of the acquisition, SolarCity was facing liquidity issues of which Tesla's shareholders were not informed.[\\[49\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-solarsue-50) In February 2017, Tesla Motors changed its name to Tesla, Inc. to better reflect the scope of its expanded business.[\\[50\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-51)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla unveiled its first mass market vehicle in April 2016, the Model 3 sedan. The Model 3 was less expensive than Tesla's previous three vehicles, and within a week the company received over 325,000 paid reservations.[\\[51\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Hull_2016-52) In an effort to speed up production and control costs, Tesla invested heavily in robotics and automation to assemble the Model 3, but the robotics actually slowed the production of the vehicles.[\\[52\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-King_2018-53) This led to significant delays and production problems, a period which the company described as \"production hell.\"[\\[53\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-54)[\\[54\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-55) By the end of 2018, the production problems had been overcome, and the Model 3 became the world's best-selling electric car from 2018 to 2021.[\\[55\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-56)[\\[56\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-57)\n",
            "\n",
            "This period of production hell put significant financial pressure on Tesla, and during this time it became one of the most [shorted](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_/(finance/) \"Short (finance)\") companies in the stock market. On August 8, 2018, amid the financial issues, Musk posted on social media that he was considering taking Tesla private.[\\[57\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-58)[\\[58\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-59) The plan did not materialize and gave rise to much controversy and many lawsuits including a [securities fraud charge from the SEC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk#SEC_and_shareholder_lawsuits_regarding_tweets \"Elon Musk\"), which would force Musk to pay a $20 million fine and step down as the company's chairman, although he was allowed to remain the CEO.\n",
            "\n",
            "### Global expansion and Model Y (2019–present)\n",
            "\n",
            "From July 2019 to June 2020, Tesla reported four consecutive profitable quarters for the first time, which made it eligible for inclusion in the [S&P 500](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%26P_500 \"S&P 500\").[\\[59\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-60) During 2020, its share price increased 740%,[\\[60\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-61) and by December 14, 2020, its market capitalization was more than the next nine largest automakers combined,[\\[61\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-62) and it became the sixth most valuable company in the US.[\\[62\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-63) Tesla was added to the S&P index on December 21, 2020;[\\[63\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GuardianSP500-64) it was the most valuable company ever added, and was the sixth-largest member of the index immediately after it was added.[\\[63\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GuardianSP500-64)[\\[64\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-65)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla introduced its second mass-market vehicle in March 2019, the Model Y [mid-size crossover SUV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossover_/(automobile/) \"Crossover (automobile)\"), based on the Model 3.[\\[65\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-electrek-2019-03-14-66)[\\[66\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:3-67) Deliveries started in March 2020.[\\[67\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Dow_2020-68)\n",
            "\n",
            "During this period, Tesla invested heavily in expanding its production capacity, opening three new Gigafactories in quick succession. Construction of [Gigafactory Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Shanghai \"Gigafactory Shanghai\") started in January 2019, as the first automobile factory in China fully owned by a foreign company (not a joint venture).[\\[68\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-69) Its first production vehicle, a Model 3, rolled out of the factory in December, less than one year after groundbreaking.[\\[69\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-70) [Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Berlin-Brandenburg \"Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg\") broke ground in February 2020,[\\[70\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-71) and its production of the Model Y began in March 2022.[\\[71\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-dw.com-72) [Gigafactory Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Texas \"Gigafactory Texas\") broke ground in June 2020,[\\[72\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Lambert_2020-07-25-73) its production of the Model Y began in April 2022,[\\[73\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-auto1-74) and it produced the first Cybertruck in November 2023.[\\[74\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-75) In March 2023, Tesla announced plans for a [Gigafactory Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Mexico \"Gigafactory Mexico\") to open in 2025.[\\[75\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-76)\n",
            "\n",
            "At the beginning of the [COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\"), Tesla closed the Fremont Factory in March 2020 due to California state and [Alameda county](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alameda_County,_California \"Alameda County, California\") COVID restrictions.[\\[76\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-77) When California lifted restrictions, but the county did not, Tesla sued the county, and restarted production on May 11, 2020.[\\[77\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-78) The county lifted restrictions on May 13, 2020, and Tesla dropped its lawsuit.[\\[78\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-79) After the dispute with county officials, on December 1, 2021, Tesla moved its legal headquarters to Gigafactory Texas.[\\[79\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-80)[\\[80\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Castillo-2021-81) However, Tesla continued to use its former headquarters building in Palo Alto, and over the next two years significantly expanded its footprint in California. The company opened its Megafactory to build Megapack batteries in Lathrop, California in 2022,[\\[81\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-82) and announced in February 2023 that it would establish a large global engineering headquarters in Palo Alto, moving into a corporate campus once owned by [Hewlett Packard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Inc. \"HP Inc.\").[\\[82\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-83)\n",
            "\n",
            "In early 2021, Tesla became a major investor in [bitcoin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin \"Bitcoin\"), acquiring $1.5 billion of the [cryptocurrency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptocurrency \"Cryptocurrency\"),[\\[83\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-bb20210208-84) and on March 24, 2021, the company started accepting bitcoin as a form of payment for US vehicle purchases.[\\[84\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-85) However, after 49 days, the company ended bitcoin payments over concerns that the production of bitcoin was contributing to the consumption of fossil fuels, against the company's mission of encouraging the transition to sustainable energy.[\\[85\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-86) After the announcement, the price of bitcoin dropped around 12%.[\\[86\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-87) Tesla CEO Elon Musk later noted that Tesla would resume Bitcoin payments if there was confirmation of at least 50% clean energy usage by Bitcoin miners. Despite later reaching this milestone, Tesla did not return to accepting Bitcoin.[\\[87\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-88)[\\[88\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-89) By July 2022 Tesla had sold about 75% of its bitcoin holdings at a loss, citing that the cryptocurrency was hurting the company's profitability.[\\[89\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-90)\n",
            "\n",
            "Between May 2023 and February 2024, almost all major North America EV manufacturers announced plans to switch to Tesla's [North American Charging Standard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Charging_Standard \"North American Charging Standard\") adapters on their EVs by 2025, which is expected to be a stable source of recurring revenue for Tesla.[\\[90\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:12-91)\n",
            "\n",
            "In April 2024, the company announced it was laying off 10% of its employees.[\\[91\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-92)\n",
            "\n",
            "In June 2024, the company moved its incorporation from Delaware to Texas.[\\[92\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-93)\n",
            "\n",
            "Automotive products and services\n",
            "--------------------------------\n",
            "\n",
            "As of November 2023, Tesla offers six vehicle models: Model S, Model X, Model 3, Model Y, Tesla Semi, and Cybertruck. Tesla's first vehicle, the [first-generation Tesla Roadster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Roadster_/(first_generation/) \"Tesla Roadster (first generation)\"), is no longer sold. Tesla has plans for a [second-generation Roadster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Roadster_/(second_generation/) \"Tesla Roadster (second generation)\").\n",
            "\n",
            "### Available products\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Model S\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/2018_Tesla_Model_S_75D.jpg/220px-2018_Tesla_Model_S_75D.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2018_Tesla_Model_S_75D.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Model S\n",
            "\n",
            "The Model S is a [full-size luxury car](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_car \"Executive car\") with a [liftback](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liftback \"Liftback\") body style and a dual motor, [all-wheel drive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-wheel_drive \"All-wheel drive\") layout. Development of the Model S began prior to 2007 and deliveries started in June 2012. The Model S has seen two major design refreshes, first in April 2016 which introduced a new front-end design and again in June 2021 which revised the interior. The Model S was the top-selling plug-in electric car worldwide in 2015 and 2016. More than 250,000 vehicles have been sold as of December 2018 (when Tesla merged production numbers for the Model S and Model X).\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Model X\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tesla_Model_X_100D_1X7A6736.jpg/220px-Tesla_Model_X_100D_1X7A6736.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Model_X_100D_1X7A6736.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Model X\n",
            "\n",
            "The Model X is a [mid-size luxury crossover SUV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossover_/(automobile/) \"Crossover (automobile)\") offered in 5-, 6- and 7-passenger configurations with either a dual- or tri-motor, all-wheel drive layout. The rear passenger doors open vertically with an articulating \"[falcon-wing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falcon-wing_door \"Falcon-wing door\")\" design. A prototype Model X was first shown in February 2012 and deliveries started in September 2015.[\\[93\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-cnbc20150903-94) The Model X shares around 30 percent of its content with the Model S. The vehicle has seen one major design refresh in June 2021 which revised the interior.\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Model 3\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/2021_Tesla_Model_3%2C_front_11.10.21.jpg/220px-2021_Tesla_Model_3%2C_front_11.10.21.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2021_Tesla_Model_3,_front_11.10.21.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Model 3\n",
            "\n",
            "The Model 3 is a [mid-size car](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-size_car \"Mid-size car\") with a [fastback](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastback \"Fastback\") body style and either a dual-motor, all-wheel drive layout or a rear-motor, [rear-wheel drive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rear-wheel_drive \"Rear-wheel drive\") layout. The vehicle was designed to be more affordable than the luxury Model S sedan. A prototype Model 3 was first shown in 2016 and within a week the company received over 325,000 paid reservations.[\\[51\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Hull_2016-52) Deliveries started in July 2017.[\\[94\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Tesla4Q2016final-95) The Model 3 ranked as the world's best-selling electric car from 2018 to 2021,[\\[95\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Top20Global2020-96)[\\[96\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-97)[\\[97\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GlobalTopEVs2021-98) and cumulative sales passed 1 million in June 2021.[\\[6\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-1miModel3-7) The vehicle has seen one major design refresh in September 2023 which revised the exterior and interior.\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Model Y\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Tesla_Model_Y_1X7A6211.jpg/220px-Tesla_Model_Y_1X7A6211.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Model_Y_1X7A6211.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Model Y\n",
            "\n",
            "The Model Y is a [mid-size crossover SUV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossover_/(automobile/) \"Crossover (automobile)\") offered in 5- and 7-passenger configurations with a single‐motor, rear-wheel drive or a dual-motor, all-wheel drive layout. The vehicle was designed to be more affordable than the luxury Model X SUV. A prototype Model Y was first shown in March 2019,[\\[65\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-electrek-2019-03-14-66) and deliveries started in March 2020.[\\[67\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Dow_2020-68) The Model Y shared around 75 percent of its content with the Model 3.[\\[66\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:3-67) In the first quarter of 2023, the Model Y outsold the [Toyota Corolla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Corolla \"Toyota Corolla\") to become the world's best-selling car, the first electric vehicle to claim the title.[\\[98\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-99)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Tesla Semi\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/The_Tesla_Semi_Truck_%2840705940423%29.jpg/220px-The_Tesla_Semi_Truck_%2840705940423%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Tesla_Semi_Truck_/(40705940423/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Semi prototype\n",
            "\n",
            "The Tesla Semi is a [Class 8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truck_classification#Class_8 \"Truck classification\") [semi-truck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-trailer_truck \"Semi-trailer truck\") by Tesla, Inc. with a tri-motor, rear-wheel drive layout. Tesla claims that the Semi has approximately three times the power of a typical diesel semi truck, a range of 500 miles (800 km).[\\[99\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-yahooNews20221205-100) Two prototype trucks were first shown in November 2017 and initial deliveries were made to [PepsiCo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PepsiCo \"PepsiCo\") on December 1, 2022.[\\[100\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-engadget20221202-101) As of December 2023, the truck remains in pilot production.[\\[3\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Q4_2023_Shareholder_Deck-3) An update in 2024 indicates full production to occur in 2025.[\\[101\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-102)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Cybertruck\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/2024_Tesla_Cybertruck_Foundation_Series_IMG_0576.jpg/220px-2024_Tesla_Cybertruck_Foundation_Series_IMG_0576.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2024_Tesla_Cybertruck_Foundation_Series_IMG_0576.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Cybertruck\n",
            "\n",
            "The Cybertruck is a full-sized [pickup truck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickup_truck \"Pickup truck\"). First announced in November 2019, pilot production began in July 2023, after being pushed back multiple times, and deliveries began on November 30, 2023. Three models are offered: rear-wheel drive, dual-motor all-wheel drive, and tri-motor all-wheel drive, with [EPA range](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_car_EPA_fuel_economy \"Electric car EPA fuel economy\") estimates of 320–340 miles (510–550 km), depending on the model. The truck's exterior design made from flat sheets of unpainted stainless steel earned a notably polarizing reception from media.[\\[102\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-103)[\\[103\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-104)[\\[104\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-105)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Announced products\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Roadster (second generation)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/NextGenTeslaRoadster_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-NextGenTeslaRoadster_%28cropped%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NextGenTeslaRoadster_/(cropped/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Roadster prototype\n",
            "\n",
            "On November 16, 2017, Tesla unveiled the second generation Roadster with a purported range of 620 miles (1,000 km) with a 200 kilowatt-hours (720 MJ) battery pack that would achieve 0–60 miles per hour (0–97 km/h) in 1.9 seconds; and 0–100 mph (0–161 km/h) in 4.2 seconds,[\\[105\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-106) and a top speed over 250 mph (400 km/h). A \"[SpaceX](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceX \"SpaceX\") Package\" would include [cold-gas thrusters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_gas_thruster \"Cold gas thruster\").[\\[106\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Gibbs-107) The vehicle would have three electric motors, allowing [all-wheel drive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-wheel_drive \"All-wheel drive\") and [torque vectoring](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torque_vectoring \"Torque vectoring\") during cornering.[\\[106\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Gibbs-107) The base price was set at $200,000.[\\[106\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Gibbs-107) Initially scheduled to ship in 2020, the vehicle has been repeatedly delayed. In July 2024, Musk said that the Roadster should enter production in 2025.[\\[107\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Lassa_2024-108)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Tesla next-generation vehicle\n",
            "\n",
            "The [Tesla next-generation vehicle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_next-generation_vehicle \"Tesla next-generation vehicle\") is an announced battery electric platform. It would become the third [platform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_platform \"Car platform\") for the company. Vehicles based on this platform are not expected before 2025.[\\[108\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-forbes20230107-109) In July 2024, Musk said that the vehicle should be available for delivery in the first half of 2025.[\\[107\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Lassa_2024-108)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Discontinued Tesla Roadster\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/IFA_2010_Internationale_Funkausstellung_Berlin_93.JPG/220px-IFA_2010_Internationale_Funkausstellung_Berlin_93.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IFA_2010_Internationale_Funkausstellung_Berlin_93.JPG)\n",
            "\n",
            "The original Roadster\n",
            "\n",
            "The original Tesla Roadster[\\[109\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Sales0611-110) was a two-seater sports car, evolved from the [Lotus Elise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_Elise \"Lotus Elise\") chassis.[\\[110\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-111) It was produced from 2008 to 2012. The Roadster was the first highway-legal serial production electric car to use lithium-ion battery cells and the first production all-electric car to travel more than 200 miles (320 km) per charge.\n",
            "\n",
            "### Connectivity services\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla cars come with \"Standard Connectivity\", which provides [navigation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_navigation_system \"Automotive navigation system\") using a cellular connection. For a fee, Tesla offers a subscription to \"Premium Connectivity\" which adds [live traffic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_reporting \"Traffic reporting\") and [satellite maps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_map \"Satellite map\") to navigation, internet browsing, and media streaming.[\\[111\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-electrek_connectivity_2019-112)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Vehicle servicing\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla's strategy is to service its vehicles first through remote diagnosis and repair. If it is not possible to resolve a problem remotely, a mobile technician is dispatched or customers are referred to a local Tesla-owned service center.[\\[112\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-113)[\\[113\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-114) Tesla has said that it does not want to make a profit on vehicle servicing, which has traditionally been a large profit center for most auto dealerships.[\\[114\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Yarrow_2014-115)\n",
            "\n",
            "In 2016, Tesla recommended having any Tesla car inspected every 12,500 miles or once a year, whichever comes first. In early 2019, the manual was changed to say: \"your Tesla does not require annual maintenance and regular fluid changes,\" and instead it recommends periodic servicing of the brake fluid, air conditioning, tires and air filters.[\\[115\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Dent-2019-116)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Charging services\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Supercharger network\n",
            "\n",
            "Supercharger is the branding used by Tesla for its high-voltage direct current [fast chargers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_charger \"Fast charger\").\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Wittenburg_-_Supercharger_-_2021.jpg/220px-Wittenburg_-_Supercharger_-_2021.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wittenburg_-_Supercharger_-_2021.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Supercharger station in [Wittenburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wittenburg \"Wittenburg\"), Germany.\n",
            "\n",
            "The Supercharger network was introduced on September 24, 2012, as the Tesla [Model S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_S \"Tesla Model S\") entered production, with six sites in California and Nevada. As of July 2024, Tesla operates a network of 6,500 Supercharger stations with nearly 60,000 connectors. The network is primarily deployed in three regions: Asia Pacific (over 2,650 stations), North America (over 2,550), and Europe (over 1,200). Since 2019 most superchargers deployed have been able to output as much as 250 [kilowatts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilowatts \"Kilowatts\") (kW). As of January 2024 approximately 68% of chargers have V3 or V4 stalls capable of outputting this amount.\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Destination charging location network\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/TeslaDestinationCharger.jpg/170px-TeslaDestinationCharger.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TeslaDestinationCharger.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "\"Destination Charger\" in North America\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla also has a network of \"Destination Chargers,\" slower than Superchargers and intended for locations where customers are expected to park and stay for several hours, such as hotels, restaurants, or shopping centers. Unlike the Supercharger network, Tesla does not own the destination chargers, instead, property owners set up the devices and set pricing.[\\[116\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-117) When the network first launched in 2014, Tesla provided free charging equipment and covered installation costs.\\[_[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")_\\] One of the largest providers is hotel chain [Hilton Worldwide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilton_Worldwide \"Hilton Worldwide\") which in 2023 announced an agreement with Tesla to install 20,000 chargers across 2,000 of its properties in North America by 2025.[\\[117\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-118)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Insurance services\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has offered its own [vehicle insurance in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_insurance_in_the_United_States \"Vehicle insurance in the United States\") since 2017 and has been acting as an independent insurance producer since 2021 as Tesla Insurance Services, Inc. It was introduced after the [American Automobile Association](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Automobile_Association \"American Automobile Association\") (AAA), a major insurance carrier, raised rates for Tesla owners in June 2017 after a report concluded that the automakers vehicles crashed more often and were more expensive to repair than comparable vehicles.[\\[118\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Glon-2017-119) A study in 2018 based on data from the [Insurance Institute for Highway Safety](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurance_Institute_for_Highway_Safety \"Insurance Institute for Highway Safety\") confirmed the findings.[\\[119\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-reuters1-120)\n",
            "\n",
            "The company says that it uniquely understands its vehicles, technology and repair costs, and can eliminate traditional insurance carriers' additional charges.[\\[120\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Tesla_Insurance_Support-121) In states where allowed, the company uses individual vehicle data to offer personalized pricing that can increase or decrease in cost based on the prior month's driving safety score.[\\[121\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Sully-2020-122)\n",
            "\n",
            "As of January 2023, Tesla offers insurance in the U.S. states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Illinois, Maryland, Minnesota, Nevada, Ohio, Oregon, Texas, Utah and Virginia.[\\[122\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-123) The company also offers insurance for non-Tesla vehicles owned by Tesla owners.[\\[120\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Tesla_Insurance_Support-121)\n",
            "\n",
            "Energy products\n",
            "---------------\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Johnstone_000178_172617_517894_4578_%2836736411886%29.jpg/200px-Johnstone_000178_172617_517894_4578_%2836736411886%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Johnstone_000178_172617_517894_4578_/(36736411886/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Two Tesla Powerwall 2 home energy storage devices from Tesla Energy\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla subsidiary Tesla Energy develops, builds, sells and installs [solar energy generation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics \"Photovoltaics\") systems and battery energy storage products (as well as related products and services) to residential, commercial and industrial customers. The subsidiary was created by the merger of Tesla's existing battery energy storage products division with SolarCity, a solar energy company that Tesla acquired in 2016.[\\[123\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Desjardins_2018-124) In 2023, the company deployed 14.7 gigawatt-hours of battery energy storage products, an increase of 125% over 2022, but only deployed solar energy systems capable of generating 223 [megawatts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megawatt \"Megawatt\"), a decrease of 36% over 2022.[\\[124\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-125)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Energy products include solar panels (built by other companies for Tesla), the [Tesla Solar Roof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Solar_Roof \"Tesla Solar Roof\") (a [solar shingle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_shingle \"Solar shingle\") system) and the Tesla Solar Inverter. Storage products include the [Powerwall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Powerwall \"Tesla Powerwall\") (a [home energy storage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage \"Home energy storage\") device) and the [Megapack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Megapack \"Tesla Megapack\") (a large-scale energy storage system).[\\[125\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Hanley_2016-126)[\\[126\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Solar_Reviews_2021-127)[\\[127\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Debord_20152-128)\n",
            "\n",
            "For large-scale customers, Tesla Energy operates an online platform which allows for automated, real-time power trading, demand forecasting and product control.[\\[128\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-129)[\\[129\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-130)[\\[130\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-131) In March 2021, the company said its online products were managing over 1.2 GWh of storage.[\\[131\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-132) For home customers, the company operates a virtual power company in Texas called Tesla Electric, which utilizes the company's online platforms to manage customers Powerwall devices, discharging them into the grid to sell power when prices are high, earning money for customers.[\\[132\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-133)[\\[133\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-134)\n",
            "\n",
            "Business strategy\n",
            "-----------------\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tesla_auto_bots.jpg/220px-Tesla_auto_bots.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_auto_bots.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Robotic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_robot \"Industrial robot\") manufacturing of the Model S at the [Tesla Factory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Factory \"Tesla Factory\") in [Fremont, California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremont,_California \"Fremont, California\")\n",
            "\n",
            "At the time of Tesla's founding in 2003, electric vehicles were very expensive.[\\[134\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-135) In 2006, Elon Musk stated that Tesla's strategy was to first produce high-price, low-volume vehicles, such as sports cars, for which customers are less sensitive to price. This would allow them to progressively bring down the cost of batteries, which in turn would allow them to offer cheaper and higher volume cars.[\\[19\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-MasterPlan-20)[\\[135\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-bbweek20070730-136) Tesla's first vehicle, the Roadster, was low-volume (fewer than 2,500 were produced) and priced at over $100,000. The next models, the Model S and Model X, are more affordable but still luxury vehicles. The Model 3 and the Model Y, are priced still lower, and aimed at a higher volume market,[\\[136\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-137)[\\[137\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-138) selling over 100,000 vehicles each quarter. Tesla continuously updates the hardware of its cars rather than waiting for a new model year, as opposed to nearly every other car manufacturer.[\\[138\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-139)\n",
            "\n",
            "Unlike other automakers, Tesla does not rely on franchised [dealerships](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_dealership \"Car dealership\") to sell vehicles. Instead, the company directly sells vehicles through its website and a network of company-owned stores.[\\[139\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-140)[\\[140\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-7Reasons-141) The company is the first automaker in the United States to sell cars directly to consumers.[\\[141\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-142)[\\[142\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-143) Some jurisdictions, particularly in the United States, prohibit auto manufacturers from directly selling vehicles to consumers. In these areas, Tesla has locations that it calls _galleries_ that the company says \"educate and inform customers about our products, but such locations do not actually transact in the sale of vehicles.\"[\\[143\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-10K_2021-144)[\\[144\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-145) In total, Tesla operates nearly 400 stores and galleries in more than 35 countries.[\\[145\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-146) These locations are typically located in retail shopping districts, inside shopping malls, or other high-traffic areas,[\\[140\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-7Reasons-141) instead of near other auto dealerships.[\\[146\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-bypass-147)[\\[147\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-148)[\\[148\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-149)\n",
            "\n",
            "Analysts describe Tesla as vertically integrated given how it develops many components in-house, such as batteries, motors, and software.[\\[149\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-gs2016-02-26-150) The practice of vertical integration is rare in the automotive industry, where companies typically _outsource_ 80% of components to suppliers and focus on engine manufacturing and final assembly.[\\[150\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-151)[\\[151\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-152)[\\[152\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-153)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla generally allows its competitors to license its technology, stating that it wants to help its competitors accelerate the world's use of sustainable energy.[\\[153\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-154) Licensing agreements include provisions whereby the recipient agrees not to file patent suits against Tesla, or to copy its designs directly.[\\[154\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-155) Tesla retains control of its other intellectual property, such as trademarks and [trade secrets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_secret \"Trade secret\") to prevent direct copying of its technology.[\\[155\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-156)\n",
            "\n",
            "On April 15, 2024, Tesla secured a deal with Tata Electronics to supply semiconductor chips, marking a significant step in Tesla's expansion into India's automotive market.[\\[156\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-157)\n",
            "\n",
            "On May 2, 2024, Tesla announced that it has abandoned its plan for next-generation gigacasting, a cutting-edge manufacturing technique. Initially aiming to revolutionize production and reduce costs, Tesla has now opted for its more proven method of casting vehicle underbodies in three pieces. This strategic shift reflects the company's focus on self-driving vehicles and adjusting to market challenges. [\\[157\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-158)\n",
            "\n",
            "Technology\n",
            "----------\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla is highly vertically integrated and develops many components in-house, such as batteries, motors, and software.[\\[149\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-gs2016-02-26-150)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Batteries\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Tesla_chassis%2C_Sydney_-_Martin_Place%2C_2017_%2801%29.jpg/220px-Tesla_chassis%2C_Sydney_-_Martin_Place%2C_2017_%2801%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_chassis,_Sydney_-_Martin_Place,_2017_/(01/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla vehicle [chassis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chassis \"Chassis\") used in [Model S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_S \"Model S\") and [X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_X \"Tesla Model X\"), with the battery visible\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Tesla_4680_2170_18650_batteries.svg/220px-Tesla_4680_2170_18650_batteries.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_4680_2170_18650_batteries.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Comparison of Tesla's three cylindrical battery cell form factors\n",
            "\n",
            "As of 2023, Tesla uses four different [battery cell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_cell \"Battery cell\") form factors: [18650](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18650 \"18650\"), [2170](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2170_battery \"2170 battery\"), [4680](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4680_battery \"4680 battery\"), and prismatic.[\\[158\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-159)[\\[159\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-160)[\\[160\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-161)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla purchases these batteries from three suppliers, [CATL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CATL \"CATL\"), [LG Energy Solution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LG_Energy_Solution \"LG Energy Solution\"), and [Panasonic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panasonic \"Panasonic\"), the latter of which has co-located some of its battery production inside Tesla's Gigafactory Nevada. Tesla is also currently building out the capacity to produce its own batteries.\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla batteries sit under the vehicle floor to save interior space. Tesla uses a multi-part aluminum and titanium protection system to protect the battery from road debris and/or vehicle crashes.[\\[161\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-model-s-titanium-162)\n",
            "\n",
            "Business analysis company [BloombergNEF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BloombergNEF \"BloombergNEF\") estimated Tesla's battery pack cost in 2021 at $112 per [kilowatt-hour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilowatt-hour \"Kilowatt-hour\") (kWh), versus an industry average of $132 per kWh.[\\[162\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-163)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### 18650\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla was the first automaker to use cylindrical, [lithium-ion battery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery \"Lithium-ion battery\") cells. When it built the [first generation Roadster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Roadster_/(first_generation/) \"Tesla Roadster (first generation)\"), it used off-the-shelf 18650-type (18 mm diameter, 65 mm height) cylindrical batteries that were already used for other consumer electronics. The cells provided an engineering challenge because each has a relatively low capacity, so thousands needed to be bundled together in a battery pack. Electrical and thermal management also proved to be a challenge, requiring liquid cooling and an [intumescent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intumescent \"Intumescent\") fire prevention chemical.[\\[163\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-gcr2013-06-164) However, the decision proved to be pragmatic because there was already a mature manufacturing process that could produce a high volume of the cells at a consistent quality. Although the 18650-type cells are the oldest technology, they are used in the Model S and X vehicles. Tesla sources these batteries with a [nickel-cobalt-aluminum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_nickel_cobalt_aluminium_oxides \"Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxides\") (NCA) cathode chemistry from Panasonic's factories in Japan.[\\[164\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Kane_2022-165)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### 2170\n",
            "\n",
            "The next battery type to be used was 2170-type (21 mm diameter, 70 mm height) cylindrical cell. The larger size was optimized for electric cars, allowing for a higher capacity per cell and a lower number of cells per battery pack. The 2170 was introduced for the Model 3 and Y vehicles.[\\[164\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Kane_2022-165)\n",
            "\n",
            "For vehicles built at the Tesla Fremont Factory, the company sources 2170-type batteries with a nickel-cobalt-aluminum cathode chemistry from Panasonic's production line at Gigafactory Nevada.[\\[165\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-166) In January 2021, Panasonic had the capacity to produce 39 GWh per year of battery cells there.[\\[166\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-167) Tesla Energy also uses 2170 cells in its Powerwall home energy storage product.\n",
            "\n",
            "For vehicles made at Gigafactory Shanghai and Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg batteries with a [nickel-cobalt-manganese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_nickel_manganese_cobalt_oxides \"Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides\") (NMC) cathode chemistry are sourced from LG Energy Solution's factories in China.[\\[164\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Kane_2022-165)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### 4680\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla's latest cylindrical cell design is the 4680-type (46 mm diameter, 80 mm height) introduced in 2021. The battery was developed in-house by Tesla and is physically 5-times bigger than the 2170-type, again allowing for a higher capacity per cell and a lower number of cells per battery pack.[\\[167\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-168)[\\[168\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-169) Currently, Tesla builds the 4680 cells itself and has not disclosed the cathode chemistry. The company has already opened production lines in Fremont, California, and plans to open lines inside Gigafactory Nevada and Gigafactory Texas. The 4680 cells are used in the Model Y and Cybertruck built at Gigafactory Texas.[\\[164\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Kane_2022-165)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Prismatic\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla also uses prismatic (rectangular) cells in many entry-level Model 3 and Model Y vehicles.[\\[164\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Kane_2022-165) The prismatic cells are a [lithium iron phosphate battery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery \"Lithium iron phosphate battery\") (LFP or LiFePO  \n",
            "4) which is a less energy-dense type, but do not contain any nickel or cobalt, which makes it less expensive to produce.[\\[169\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-170) Tesla sources these batteries from CATL's factories in China. As of April 2022, nearly half of Tesla's vehicle production used prismatic cells.[\\[170\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-171) Tesla Energy also uses prismatic cells in its Megapack grid-scale energy storage product.[\\[171\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-172)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Research\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla invests in [lithium-ion battery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery \"Lithium-ion battery\") research. In 2016, the company established a 5-year battery research and development partnership at [Dalhousie University](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalhousie_University \"Dalhousie University\") in Nova Scotia, Canada, with lead researcher [Jeff Dahn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Dahn \"Jeff Dahn\").[\\[172\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-173) Tesla acquired Maxwell Technologies for over $200 million[\\[173\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-174) – and sold in 2021.[\\[174\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-175) It also acquired Hibar Systems.[\\[175\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-176)[\\[176\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-177) Tesla purchased several battery manufacturing patent applications from Springpower International, a small Canadian battery company.[\\[177\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-178)[\\[178\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-179)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Software\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla uses [over-the-air updates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Over-the-air_update \"Over-the-air update\") to deliver updates to vehicles, adding features or fixing problems.[\\[179\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-180) This is enabled by tight integration between a few powerful onboard computers, compared to the way automakers had previously handled technology, by purchasing off-the-shelf electronic components for each subsystem that typically could not interface at the software level.[\\[180\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-181)\n",
            "\n",
            "The system also has allowed Tesla to control which features customers have access to. For example, for ease of assembly all Model 3 vehicles were built with heated rear seats, but only customers who purchased a premium interior could turn them on. However, Tesla has allowed customers who didn't pay for a premium interior to purchase access to the heated rear seats.[\\[181\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-182) Tesla uses a similar software lock feature for Enhanced Autopilot and Full-Self Driving features, even though all vehicles are equipped with the computers and cameras necessary to enable those features.[\\[182\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-183)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Motors\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla makes two kinds of electric motors: an [induction motor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_motor \"Induction motor\"), and an [internal permanent magnet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_magnet_motor \"Permanent magnet motor\") (IPM) motor with [synchronous reluctance motor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reluctance_motor#Synchronous_reluctance \"Reluctance motor\") (SynRM) characteristics.\n",
            "\n",
            "The older design is a [three-phase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-phase_electric_power \"Three-phase electric power\") four-pole [alternating current](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current \"Alternating current\") induction motor (also called an asynchronous motor) with a copper [rotor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotor_/(electric/) \"Rotor (electric)\") (which inspired the Tesla logo).[\\[183\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-184) These motors use [electromagnetic induction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction \"Electromagnetic induction\"), by varying magnetic field to produce torque. Induction motors are used as the rear motor in the Model S and Model X, as the front motor in the Model 3 and Model Y and were used in the first-generation Roadster.\n",
            "\n",
            "Since the introduction of the Model 3 in 2017, Tesla has also been building IPM-SynRM motors. These motors uses an iron [rotor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotor_/(electric/) \"Rotor (electric)\"), with slots cut into the metal where magnets are inserted in the internal core. As an IPM motor, it produces excellent starting torque; however, performance declines at high speeds due to [counter-electromotive forces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-electromotive_force \"Counter-electromotive force\"). For high-speed operation, Tesla engineers used iron’s reluctance property, which allows it to spin in synchronization with the magnetic field of the [stator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stator \"Stator\") if channels are cut into the core. These channels were also an ideal internal location for the permanent magnets to be mounted.[\\[184\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-185)[\\[185\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-186) The IPM-SynRM motor is currently used as the rear motor in the Model 3 and Model Y, the front motor of 2019-onward versions of the Model S and X, and are expected to be used in the Tesla Semi.[\\[186\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-187)\n",
            "\n",
            "### North American Charging Standard\n",
            "\n",
            "The [North American Charging Standard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Charging_Standard \"North American Charging Standard\") (NACS) is an electric vehicle charging connector system developed by Tesla. It has been used on all North American market Tesla vehicles since 2012 and was opened for use to other manufacturers in 2022. Since then, nearly every other vehicle manufacturer has announced that starting from 2025, their electric vehicles sold in North America will be equipped with the NACS charge port. Several electric vehicle charging network operators and equipment manufacturers have also announced plans to add NACS connectors.[\\[187\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-188)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Autopilot and Full Self-Driving\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tesla_Autopilot_Engaged_in_Model_X.jpg/220px-Tesla_Autopilot_Engaged_in_Model_X.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Autopilot_Engaged_in_Model_X.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla Autopilot in operation\n",
            "\n",
            "[Tesla Autopilot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Autopilot \"Tesla Autopilot\") is an [advanced driver-assistance system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_driver-assistance_system \"Advanced driver-assistance system\") (ADAS) developed by Tesla that amounts to partial vehicle automation ([Level 2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-driving_car#Level_2 \"Self-driving car\") automation, as defined by [SAE International](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAE_International \"SAE International\")). Tesla provides \"Base Autopilot\" on all vehicles, which includes [lane centering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lane_centering \"Lane centering\") and [traffic-aware cruise control](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_cruise_control \"Adaptive cruise control\"). Owners may purchase or subscribe to Full Self-Driving (FSD) which adds semi-autonomous navigation that responds to traffic lights and stop signs, [lane change assistance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lane_change_assistance \"Lane change assistance\"), [self-parking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-parking \"Self-parking\"), and the ability to summon the car from a garage or parking spot.\n",
            "\n",
            "The company's stated intent is to offer fully autonomous driving (SAE [Level 5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-driving_car#Level_5 \"Self-driving car\")) at a future time, acknowledging that technical and regulatory hurdles must be overcome to achieve this goal.[\\[188\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Tesla_Autopilot_Verge-2016-10-19-189) The names Autopilot and Full Self-Driving are controversial, because vehicles remain at Level 2 automation and are therefore not \"fully [self-driving](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-driving_car \"Self-driving car\")\" and require active driver supervision.\n",
            "\n",
            "The company claims the features reduce accidents caused by driver negligence and fatigue from long-term driving.[\\[189\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-190)[\\[190\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Tesla_Autopilot_tesla.com_2021-191) Collisions and deaths involving Tesla cars with Autopilot engaged have drawn the attention of the press and government agencies.[\\[191\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-192) Industry observers and academics have criticized Tesla's decision to use untrained consumers to validate beta features as dangerous and irresponsible.[\\[192\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-193)[\\[193\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-194)[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-195)[\\[195\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-196)\n",
            "\n",
            "Since 2013, Tesla CEO [Elon Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk \"Elon Musk\") has repeatedly made [inaccurate predictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Elon_Musk%27s_FSD_Predictions \"List of Elon Musk's FSD Predictions\") for Tesla to achieve Level 5 autonomy within one to three years,[\\[196\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-197) most recently predicting the end of 2023.[\\[197\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-198)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Robotics\n",
            "\n",
            "In preparation for Model 3 production, Tesla heavily invested in robotics and automation for vehicle assembly. To that end, between 2015 and 2017, the company purchased several companies involved in automation and robotics including Compass Automation,[\\[198\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-electrek_compass-199) Grohmann Automation,[\\[199\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-biz_in_2017-200) Perbix Machine Company, and Riviera Tool and Die.[\\[200\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-DetroitFP_2015-201) Elon Musk later admitted that the robotics actually slowed the production of the vehicles.[\\[52\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-King_2018-53)\n",
            "\n",
            "Subsequently, the shifted towards utilizing massive casting machines, known as [Giga Presses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giga_Press \"Giga Press\"). These machines streamline production by creating large, single-piece underbodies, leading to reductions in production time, labor costs, factory footprint, and the number of welding robots previously required.[\\[201\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-202)[\\[202\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-203) Critics note that reducing the number of components makes the vehicles harder or more expensive to repair after an accident.[\\[203\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-p747-204)\n",
            "\n",
            "The company has been developing a [humanoid robot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanoid_robot \"Humanoid robot\") called [Optimus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimus_/(robot/) \"Optimus (robot)\") since 2022. Musk has stated that Optimus leverages the same core software powering Tesla's Full Self-Driving technology and has suggested that it could be used within Tesla's factories to mitigate labor shortages through the automation of repetitive tasks.[\\[204\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-205)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Glass\n",
            "\n",
            "In November 2016, the company announced the Tesla Glass technology group. The group produced the roof glass for the Tesla Model 3. It also produces the glass used in the [Tesla Solar Roof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Solar_Roof \"Tesla Solar Roof\")'s [solar shingles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_shingle \"Solar shingle\").[\\[205\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-206)\n",
            "\n",
            "Facilities\n",
            "----------\n",
            "\n",
            "The company operates seven large factories and about a dozen smaller factories around the world. As of 2024, the company also operates more than 1,200 retail stores, galleries, service, delivery and body shop locations globally.[\\[3\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Q4_2023_Shareholder_Deck-3)\n",
            "\n",
            "Primary facilities operated by Tesla\n",
            "\n",
            "Opened\n",
            "\n",
            "Name\n",
            "\n",
            "City\n",
            "\n",
            "Country\n",
            "\n",
            "Employees\n",
            "\n",
            "Products\n",
            "\n",
            "Ref.\n",
            "\n",
            "2010\n",
            "\n",
            "[Tesla Fremont Factory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Fremont_Factory \"Tesla Fremont Factory\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Fremont, California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremont,_California \"Fremont, California\")\n",
            "\n",
            "United States\n",
            "\n",
            "22,000\n",
            "\n",
            "[Model S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_S \"Tesla Model S\"), [Model X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_X \"Tesla Model X\"), [Model 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_3 \"Tesla Model 3\"), [Model Y](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_Y \"Tesla Model Y\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[33\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Future-34)[\\[206\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-TC_staff_2020-207)[\\[207\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-208)\n",
            "\n",
            "2016\n",
            "\n",
            "[Gigafactory Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Nevada \"Gigafactory Nevada\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Storey County, Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storey_County,_Nevada \"Storey County, Nevada\")\n",
            "\n",
            "United States\n",
            "\n",
            "7,000\n",
            "\n",
            "Batteries, [Powerwall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Powerwall \"Tesla Powerwall\"), [Semi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Semi \"Tesla Semi\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[208\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Powerwall-209)[\\[209\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-usatoday_giganevada_2019-210)[\\[210\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-211)\n",
            "\n",
            "2017\n",
            "\n",
            "[Gigafactory New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_New_York \"Gigafactory New York\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Buffalo, New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York \"Buffalo, New York\")\n",
            "\n",
            "United States\n",
            "\n",
            "1,500\n",
            "\n",
            "[Solar Roof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Solar_Roof \"Tesla Solar Roof\"), [Supercharger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Supercharger \"Tesla Supercharger\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[211\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-UpAndRunning-212)[\\[212\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-CT_giga2_2020-213)\n",
            "\n",
            "2019\n",
            "\n",
            "[Gigafactory Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Shanghai \"Gigafactory Shanghai\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai \"Shanghai\")\n",
            "\n",
            "China\n",
            "\n",
            "20,000\n",
            "\n",
            "Model 3, Model Y, Supercharger\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[213\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-cnbc20191023-214)[\\[214\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-215)\n",
            "\n",
            "2022\n",
            "\n",
            "[Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Berlin-Brandenburg \"Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Grünheide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnheide_/(Mark/) \"Grünheide (Mark)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Germany\n",
            "\n",
            "10,000\n",
            "\n",
            "Model Y\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[215\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-216)[\\[216\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-217)[\\[217\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-IEVS_berlin_2021-218)\n",
            "\n",
            "2022\n",
            "\n",
            "[Gigafactory Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Texas \"Gigafactory Texas\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Austin, Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin,_Texas \"Austin, Texas\")\n",
            "\n",
            "United States\n",
            "\n",
            "12,000\n",
            "\n",
            "Model Y, [Cybertruck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Cybertruck \"Tesla Cybertruck\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[218\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-219)[\\[219\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Vorrath-220)[\\[220\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-221)\n",
            "\n",
            "### North America\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/New_Teslas_at_the_factory.jpg/220px-New_Teslas_at_the_factory.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:New_Teslas_at_the_factory.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "New [Tesla Model S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_S \"Tesla Model S\") cars at the [Tesla Fremont Factory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Fremont_Factory \"Tesla Fremont Factory\") in 2012\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla was founded in [San Carlos, California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Carlos,_California \"San Carlos, California\") in 2003.[\\[221\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-222) In 2008, the company opened its first production facility at a former [Chevrolet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet \"Chevrolet\") dealership in [Menlo Park, California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menlo_Park,_California \"Menlo Park, California\"). The original roadster was assembled inside the service bays until 2012 and used the company showroom as a retail store.[\\[222\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-223) Another retail store was opened in Los Angeles the same year.[\\[223\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-224) In 2010, Tesla moved its corporate headquarters and opened a powertrain development facility in Palo Alto.[\\[224\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-225)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla's first major assembly plant occupies the former [NUMMI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUMMI \"NUMMI\") plant in Fremont, California, known as the [Tesla Fremont Factory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Fremont_Factory \"Tesla Fremont Factory\"). The factory was originally opened by [General Motors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors \"General Motors\") in 1962, and then operated by NUMMI, a joint venture of GM and [Toyota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota \"Toyota\") from 1984.[\\[225\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-226) The joint venture ended when [GM entered bankruptcy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_Chapter_11_reorganization \"General Motors Chapter 11 reorganization\") in 2009. In 2010, Toyota agreed to sell the plant to Tesla at a significant discount.[\\[33\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Future-34)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Tesla_Gigafactory_1_-_December_2019.jpg/220px-Tesla_Gigafactory_1_-_December_2019.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Gigafactory_1_-_December_2019.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Gigafactory Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Nevada \"Gigafactory Nevada\") in 2019\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla's first purpose-built facility was opened in Nevada in 2016. [Gigafactory Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Nevada \"Gigafactory Nevada\") produces the Powerwall,[\\[208\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Powerwall-209) battery cells in partnership with Panasonic,[\\[226\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-227) Model 3 drivetrains,[\\[227\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-228) and the Tesla Semi.[\\[228\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Hidalgo_March_2,_20232-229) The factory received substantial subsidies ([abatements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_abatement \"Tax abatement\") and [credits](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_credit \"Tax credit\")) from the local and state government, that, in exchange for opening in their jurisdiction, allowed Tesla to operate essentially tax free for 10 years,[\\[229\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-230) later extended to 20 years in exchange for expanding the factory to add a production line for the Tesla Semi and add additional battery manufacturing capacity.[\\[228\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Hidalgo_March_2,_20232-229)\n",
            "\n",
            "As part of the acquisition of SolarCity in 2016, Tesla gained control of [Gigafactory New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_New_York \"Gigafactory New York\") in Buffalo on the site of a former [Republic Steel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_Steel \"Republic Steel\") plant. The state of New York spent cash to build and equip the factory through the [Buffalo Billion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_Billion \"Buffalo Billion\") program.[\\[230\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-231)[\\[231\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-232) In 2017, the factory started production of the [Tesla Solar Roof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Solar_Roof \"Tesla Solar Roof\"),[\\[211\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-UpAndRunning-212) but faced multiple production challenges. Since 2020, Tesla has also assembled Superchargers in New York. The plant has been criticized for offering little economic benefit for the state funding.[\\[232\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Bykowicz_&_Mann_2023-233)\n",
            "\n",
            "In 2018, Tesla assembled [tension fabric buildings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tension_fabric_building \"Tension fabric building\") at the [Fremont](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremont,_California \"Fremont, California\") plant to meet production goals of 5,000 cars produced a month. The structure was assembled in two weeks and measured 53 feet high, 150 feet wide, and 900 feet long.[\\[233\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-clearspan.com-234)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gigafactory_Texas_Building_1_June_2022.jpg/220px-Gigafactory_Texas_Building_1_June_2022.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gigafactory_Texas_Building_1_June_2022.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Gigafactory Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Texas \"Gigafactory Texas\") in 2022\n",
            "\n",
            "On July 23, 2020, Tesla picked Austin, Texas, as the site of its fifth Gigafactory, since then known as [Gigafactory Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Texas \"Gigafactory Texas\").[\\[234\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-electrek_texas_2021-235) Giga Texas is the only factory that produces the Tesla Cybertruck and produces Model Y cars for the Eastern United States. On December 1, 2021, Tesla announced it relocated its legal headquarters from Palo Alto to the Gigafactory Texas site in Austin.[\\[235\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-236) However, Tesla has retained the Palo Alto building. On April 7, 2022, Tesla celebrated the opening of Gigafactory Texas in a public event.[\\[73\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-auto1-74)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla acquired a former [JC Penney](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JC_Penney \"JC Penney\") distribution center near [Lathrop, California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lathrop,_California \"Lathrop, California\"), in 2021 to build the \"Megafactory\" to manufacture the [Megapack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Megapack \"Tesla Megapack\"), the company's large scale energy storage product.[\\[236\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-MR_Bulletin-237)[\\[237\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Lathrop_MF-238) The location opened in 2022.\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla announced in February it would open a new global engineering headquarters in Palo Alto, moving into a corporate campus once owned by [Hewlett Packard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Inc. \"HP Inc.\"), located a couple of miles from Tesla's former headquarters building.[\\[238\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-239)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has announced plans to open a [Gigafactory Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Mexico \"Gigafactory Mexico\"), the company's sixth Gigafactory, near [Monterrey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey \"Monterrey\"), Mexico. However, as of July 2024, the company has placed construction on hold until after the [2024 United States presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election \"2024 United States presidential election\"), because former President Trump has pledged to add tariffs on cars made in Mexico.[\\[239\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-240)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Europe\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Tesla_Gigafactory_4_DJI_20230728123435.JPG/220px-Tesla_Gigafactory_4_DJI_20230728123435.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Gigafactory_4_DJI_20230728123435.JPG)\n",
            "\n",
            "Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg in July 2023\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla opened its first European store in June 2009 in London.[\\[240\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-241) Tesla's European headquarters are in the Netherlands,[\\[241\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-242) part of a group of [Tesla facilities in Tilburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_facilities_in_Tilburg \"Tesla facilities in Tilburg\"), including the company's European Distribution Centre.[\\[242\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-243)\n",
            "\n",
            "In late 2016, Tesla acquired German engineering firm [Grohmann Engineering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grohmann_Engineering \"Grohmann Engineering\") as a new division dedicated to helping Tesla increase the automation and effectiveness of its manufacturing process.[\\[243\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-244) After winding down existing contracts with other manufacturers, the renamed [Tesla Automation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Automation \"Tesla Automation\") now works exclusively on Tesla projects.[\\[244\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-245)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla announced its plans to build a car and battery factory in Europe in 2016.[\\[245\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-246) Several countries campaigned to be the host,[\\[246\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-247) and eventually Germany was chosen in November 2019.[\\[247\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-248) On March 22, 2022, Tesla's first European Gigafactory named [Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Berlin-Brandenburg \"Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg\")[\\[248\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-249)[\\[249\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Graupner-2022-250) opened with planned capacity to produce 500,000 electric vehicles annually as well as batteries for the cars.[\\[249\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Graupner-2022-250)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Asia\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Tesla_Tokyo_2011.JPG/220px-Tesla_Tokyo_2011.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Tokyo_2011.JPG)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla store in Tokyo, the first in Asia[\\[250\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-251)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla opened its first showroom in Asia in Tokyo, Japan, in October 2010.[\\[251\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-252)\n",
            "\n",
            "In July 2018, Tesla signed an agreement with Chinese authorities to build a factory in Shanghai, China, which was Tesla's first Gigafactory outside of the United States.[\\[252\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-253) The factory building was finished in August 2019, and the initial [Tesla Model 3s](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_3 \"Tesla Model 3\") were in production from [Gigafactory Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigafactory_Shanghai \"Gigafactory Shanghai\") in October 2019.[\\[213\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-cnbc20191023-214) In 2021, China accounted for 26% of Tesla sales revenue, and was the second largest market for Tesla after the United States, which accounted for 45% of its sales.[\\[253\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-254)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has expressed interest in expanding to India and perhaps building a future Gigafactory in the country.[\\[254\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-255) The company established a legal presence in the nation in 2021 and plans to open an office in [Pune](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pune \"Pune\") starting in October 2023.[\\[255\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-256)\n",
            "\n",
            "Partners\n",
            "--------\n",
            "\n",
            "### Panasonic\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Tesla_Panasonic.jpg/220px-Tesla_Panasonic.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tesla_Panasonic.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Panasonic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panasonic \"Panasonic\") Energy president Naoto Noguchi presents Tesla executive [JB Straubel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JB_Straubel \"JB Straubel\") with [lithium-ion cells](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_cells \"Lithium-ion cells\")\n",
            "\n",
            "In January 2010, Tesla and battery cell maker [Panasonic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panasonic \"Panasonic\") announced that they would together develop nickel-based lithium-ion battery cells for electric vehicles.[\\[256\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-257) Beginning in 2010, Panasonic invested $30 million for a multi-year collaboration on new battery cells designed specifically for electric vehicles.[\\[257\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-258) In July 2014, Panasonic reached a basic agreement with Tesla to participate in battery production at Giga Nevada.[\\[258\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-259) Tesla and Panasonic also collaborated on the manufacturing and production of photovoltaic (PV) cells and modules at the Giga New York factory in Buffalo, New York.[\\[211\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-UpAndRunning-212) The partnership started in mid-2017 and ended in early 2020, before Panasonic exited the solar business entirely in January 2021.[\\[259\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-260)[\\[260\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Reuters-2021-261)\n",
            "\n",
            "In March 2021, the outgoing CEO of Panasonic stated that the company plans to reduce its reliance on Tesla as their battery partnership evolves.[\\[261\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-262)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Other current partners\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has long-term contracts in place for lithium supply. In September 2020, Tesla signed a sales agreement with [Piedmont Lithium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piedmont_Lithium \"Piedmont Lithium\") to buy high-purity lithium ore for up to ten years,[\\[262\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-mining20200928-263) specifically to supply \"[spodumene](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spodumene \"Spodumene\") concentrate from Piedmont's North Carolina [mineral deposit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_deposit \"Mineral deposit\")\".[\\[263\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-264) In 2022, Tesla contracted for 110,000 tonnes of [spodumene](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spodumene \"Spodumene\") concentrate over four years from the [Core Lithium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_Lithium \"Core Lithium\")'s lithium mine in the [Northern Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Territory \"Northern Territory\") of Australia.[\\[264\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-pvmag20221013-265)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla also has a range of minor partnerships, for instance working with [Airbnb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbnb \"Airbnb\") and hotel chains to install destination chargers at selected locations.[\\[265\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-266)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Former partners\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Daimler\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/2018_Mercedes-Benz_B-Class_Electric_Drive_Electric_Art_Premium_Front.jpg/220px-2018_Mercedes-Benz_B-Class_Electric_Drive_Electric_Art_Premium_Front.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2018_Mercedes-Benz_B-Class_Electric_Drive_Electric_Art_Premium_Front.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "The [Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_B-Class_Electric_Drive \"Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive\") used a Tesla-supplied battery pack.[\\[266\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-267)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Daimler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daimler_AG \"Daimler AG\") and Tesla began working together in late 2007. On May 19, 2009, Daimler bought a stake of less than 10% in Tesla for a reported $50 million.[\\[267\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-techcrunch1-268)[\\[268\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-269) As part of the collaboration, Herbert Kohler, vice-president of E-Drive and Future Mobility at Daimler, took a Tesla board seat.[\\[269\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-TN_BOD_2012-270) On July 13, 2009, Daimler sold 40% of its acquisition to Aabar, an investment company controlled by the [International Petroleum Investment Company](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Petroleum_Investment_Company \"International Petroleum Investment Company\") owned by the government of [Abu Dhabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Dhabi \"Abu Dhabi\").[\\[270\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-271) In October 2014, Daimler sold its remaining holdings for a reported $780 million.[\\[271\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-272)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla supplied battery packs for [Freightliner Trucks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freightliner_Trucks \"Freightliner Trucks\") in 2010.[\\[272\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-273)[\\[273\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-274) The company also built electric-powertrain components for the [Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-Cell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_A-Class_E-Cell \"Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-Cell\"), with 500 cars planned to be built for trial in Europe beginning in September 2011.[\\[274\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-275)[\\[275\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-276) Tesla produced and co-developed the [Mercedes-Benz B250e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_B-Class_Electric_Drive \"Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive\")'s powertrain, which ended production in 2017.[\\[276\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-277) The electric motor was rated 134 hp (100 kW) and 230 pound force-feet (310 N⋅m), with a 36 kWh (130 MJ) battery. The vehicle had a driving range of 200 km (124 mi) with a top speed of 150 km/h (93 mph).[\\[277\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-278) Daimler division [Smart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_/(marque/) \"Smart (marque)\") produced the [Smart ED2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_electric_drive \"Smart electric drive\") cars from 2009 to 2012 which had a 14-kilowatt-hour (50 MJ) [lithium-ion battery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery \"Lithium-ion battery\") from Tesla.[\\[278\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-279)[\\[279\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-280)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Toyota\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Toyota_RAV4_EV_WAS_2012_0791.JPG/220px-Toyota_RAV4_EV_WAS_2012_0791.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Toyota_RAV4_EV_WAS_2012_0791.JPG)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Toyota RAV4 EV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_RAV4_EV \"Toyota RAV4 EV\"), which used a Tesla-supplied battery and [powertrain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powertrain \"Powertrain\") components\n",
            "\n",
            "In May 2010, Tesla and [Toyota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota \"Toyota\") announced a deal in which Tesla purchased the former [NUMMI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUMMI \"NUMMI\") factory from Toyota for $42 million, Toyota purchased $50 million in Tesla stock, and the two companies collaborated on an electric vehicle.[\\[33\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Future-34)\n",
            "\n",
            "In July 2010, the companies announced they would work together on a second generation [Toyota RAV4 EV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_RAV4_EV \"Toyota RAV4 EV\").[\\[280\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-281) The vehicle was unveiled at the October 2010 [Los Angeles Auto Show](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Auto_Show \"Los Angeles Auto Show\") and 35 pilot vehicles were built for a demonstration and evaluation program that ran through 2011. Tesla supplied the lithium metal-oxide battery and other powertrain components[\\[281\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-282)[\\[282\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-283) based on components from the Roadster.[\\[283\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-284)\n",
            "\n",
            "The production version was unveiled in August 2012, using battery pack, electronics and powertrain components from the Tesla Model S sedan (also launched in 2012).[\\[284\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-285) The RAV4 EV had a limited production run which resulted in just under 3,000 vehicles being produced, before it was discontinued in 2014.[\\[285\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-286)[\\[286\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-287)\n",
            "\n",
            "According to Bloomberg News, the partnership between Tesla and Toyota was \"marred by clashes between engineers\".[\\[287\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Circuited-288) Toyota engineers rejected designs that Tesla had proposed for an enclosure to protect the RAV4 EV's battery pack. Toyota took over responsibility for the enclosure's design and strengthened it. In 2014, Tesla ended up adding a titanium plate to protect the Model S sedan's battery after some debris-related crashes lead to cars catching fire.[\\[287\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Circuited-288)[\\[161\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-model-s-titanium-162) On June 5, 2017, Toyota announced that it had sold all of its shares in Tesla and halted the partnership.[\\[288\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-289)[\\[289\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-290)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Mobileye\n",
            "\n",
            "Initial versions of Autopilot were developed in partnership with [Mobileye](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobileye \"Mobileye\") beginning in 2014.[\\[290\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-291) Mobileye ended the partnership on July 26, 2016, citing \"disagreements about how the technology was deployed.\"[\\[291\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-292)\n",
            "\n",
            "Lawsuits and controversies\n",
            "--------------------------\n",
            "\n",
            "### Sexual harassment\n",
            "\n",
            "In 2021, seven women came forward with claims of having faced sexual harassment and discrimination while working at Tesla's Fremont factory.[\\[292\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-293) They accused the company of facilitating a culture of rampant sexual harassment. The women said they were consistently subjected to catcalling, unwanted advances, unwanted touching, and discrimination while at work. \"I was so tired of the unwanted attention and the males gawking at me I proceeded to create barriers around me just so I could get some relief,\" Brooks told _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. \"That was something I felt necessary just so I can do my job.\" Stories range from intimate groping to being called out to the parking lot for sex.[\\[293\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-294)\n",
            "\n",
            "Women feared calling Human Resources for help as their supervisors were often participants.[\\[294\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Siddiqui-2021b-295) Musk himself is not indicted, but most of the women pressing charges believe their abuse is connected to the behavior of CEO Elon Musk. They cite his crude remarks about women's bodies, wisecracks about starting a university that abbreviated to \"T.IT.S\", and his generally dismissive attitude towards reporting sexual harassment.[\\[295\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-296) \"What we're addressing for each of the lawsuits is just a shocking pattern of rampant harassment that exists at Tesla,\" said attorney David A. Lowe.[\\[294\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Siddiqui-2021b-295) In 2017, another woman had accused Tesla of very similar behavior and was subsequently fired. In a statement to the Guardian, Tesla confirmed the company had fired her, saying it had thoroughly investigated the employee's allegations with the help of \"a neutral, third-party expert\" and concluded her complaints were unmerited.[\\[296\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-297)\n",
            "\n",
            "In May 2022, a California judge ruled that the sexual harassment lawsuit could move to court, rejecting Tesla's request for closed-door arbitration.[\\[297\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-298)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Labor disputes\n",
            "\n",
            "#### United States\n",
            "\n",
            "In June 2016, the [National Highway Traffic Safety Administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration \"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration\") (NHTSA) took issue with Tesla's use of [nondisclosure agreements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-disclosure_agreement \"Non-disclosure agreement\") (NDAs) regarding customer repairs[\\[298\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-299) and, in October 2021, the NHTSA formally asked Tesla to explain its NDA policy regarding customers invited into the FSD Beta.[\\[299\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-300) Tesla has used NDAs on multiple occasions with both employees[\\[300\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-301) and customers[\\[301\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-302) to allegedly prevent possible negative coverage.[\\[302\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-303)[\\[303\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-304)\n",
            "\n",
            "From 2014 to 2018, Tesla's Fremont Factory had three times as many [Occupational Safety and Health Administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_Safety_and_Health_Administration \"Occupational Safety and Health Administration\") (OSHA) violations as the ten largest U.S. auto plants combined.[\\[304\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-305) An investigation by the [Reveal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reveal_/(podcast/) \"Reveal (podcast)\") podcast alleged that Tesla \"failed to report some of its serious injuries on legally mandated reports\" to downplay the extent of injuries.[\\[305\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Evans-Perry-2018-306)\n",
            "\n",
            "In January 2019, former Tesla security manager Sean Gouthro filed a whistleblower complaint alleging that the company had hacked employees' phones and spied on them, while also failing to report illegal activities to the authorities and shareholders.[\\[306\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-O'Kane-2019-307)[\\[307\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-308)[\\[308\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-309) Several legal cases have revolved around alleged whistleblower retaliation by Tesla. These include the dismissal of Tesla safety official Carlos Ramirez[\\[309\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-310)[\\[310\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-311) and Tesla security employee Karl Hansen.[\\[311\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-312) In 2020, the court ordered Hansen's case to [arbitration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitration_in_the_United_States \"Arbitration in the United States\").[\\[312\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-313) In June 2022, the arbitrator filed an [unopposed motion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_/(legal/) \"Motion (legal)\") with the court stating Hansen \"has failed to establish the claims...Accordingly his claims are denied, and he shall take nothing\".[\\[313\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-314)\n",
            "\n",
            "In September 2019, a California judge ruled that 12 actions in 2017 and 2018 by Musk and other Tesla executives violated labor laws because they sabotaged [employee attempts to unionize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_and_unions \"Tesla and unions\").[\\[314\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-315)[\\[315\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-316)\n",
            "\n",
            "In March 2021, the US [National Labor Relations Board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Board \"National Labor Relations Board\") ordered Musk to remove a tweet and reinstate a fired employee over [union organization activities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_and_unions \"Tesla and unions\").[\\[316\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-317)[\\[317\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-318) Later, after appealing, a federal appeals court upheld the decision.[\\[318\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-319)\n",
            "\n",
            "The California Civil Rights Department filed a suit in 2022 alleging \"a pattern of racial harassment and bias\" at the Tesla Fremont factory. As of April 2023, the department is also conducting a probe of the factory based on a 2021 complaint and claims that Tesla has been obstructing the investigation.[\\[319\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-320)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Europe\n",
            "\n",
            "In October 2023, a strike was initiated by the Swedish labor union [IF Metall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IF_Metall \"IF Metall\") against a Tesla subsidiary due to the company's refusal to sign a collective agreement. The strike initially involved approximately 120 mechanics at ten workshops servicing Tesla vehicles and later expanded via [solidarity strikes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity_action \"Solidarity action\") to include services provided by postmen, electricians, and other workers involved with Tesla operations.[\\[320\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-321)[\\[321\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-322)[\\[322\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-323)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Fraud allegations\n",
            "\n",
            "There have been numerous concerns about Tesla's financial reporting. In 2013, _Bloomberg News_ questioned whether Tesla's financial reporting violated [Generally Accepted Accounting Principles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generally_Accepted_Accounting_Principles_/(United_States/) \"Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (United States)\") (GAAP) reporting standards.[\\[323\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Hiltzikh-2013-324) _[Fortune](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortune_/(magazine/) \"Fortune (magazine)\")_ accused Tesla in 2016 of using [creative accounting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_accounting \"Creative accounting\") to show positive cash flow and quarterly profits.[\\[324\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-325) In 2018, analysts expressed concerns over Tesla's accounts receivable balance.[\\[325\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-326) In September 2019, the SEC questioned Tesla CFO [Zach Kirkhorn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zach_Kirkhorn \"Zach Kirkhorn\") about Tesla's warranty reserves and lease accounting.[\\[326\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-327) In a letter to his clients, hedge fund manager [David Einhorn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Einhorn_/(hedge_fund_manager/) \"David Einhorn (hedge fund manager)\"), whose firm suffered losses from its short position against Tesla that quarter, accused Elon Musk in November 2019 of \"significant fraud\",[\\[327\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-328)[\\[328\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-329) and publicly questioned Tesla's accounting practices, telling Musk that he was \"beginning to wonder whether your accounts receivable exist.\"[\\[329\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-330)\n",
            "\n",
            "From 2012 to 2014, Tesla earned more than $295 million in [Zero Emission Vehicle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-emissions_vehicle \"Zero-emissions vehicle\") credits for a battery-swapping technology that was never made available to customers.[\\[330\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-331) Staff at [California Air Resources Board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Air_Resources_Board \"California Air Resources Board\") were concerned that Tesla was \"gaming\" the battery swap subsidies and in 2013 recommended eliminating the credits.[\\[331\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-332)\n",
            "\n",
            "A consolidated shareholders lawsuit alleges that Musk knew SolarCity was going broke before the acquisition, that he and the Tesla board overpaid for SolarCity, ignored their conflicts of interest and breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the deal, and failed to disclose \"troubling facts\" essential to an analysis of the proposed acquisition.[\\[332\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Mitchell-2019-333) The members of the board settled in 2020, leaving Musk as the only defendant.[\\[333\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-reuters_solarcitylawsuit_2020-334) In April 2022, the [Delaware Court of Chancery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delaware_Court_of_Chancery \"Delaware Court of Chancery\") ruled in favor of Musk,[\\[334\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-335)[\\[335\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-336) and its ruling was upheld by the [Delaware Supreme Court](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delaware_Supreme_Court \"Delaware Supreme Court\") in June 2023.[\\[336\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-337)\n",
            "\n",
            "In August 2018, Elon Musk tweeted, \"Am considering taking Tesla private at $420. Funding secured.\"[\\[337\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-338) The tweet caused the stock to initially rise but then drop when it was revealed to be false.[\\[338\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-339)[\\[339\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-340)[\\[340\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Mitchell-2020-341) Musk settled fraud charges with the US [Securities and Exchange Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission \"Securities and Exchange Commission\") (SEC) over his false statements in September 2018. According to the terms of the settlement, Musk agreed to have his tweets reviewed by Tesla's in-house counsel, he was removed from his chairman role at Tesla temporarily, and two new independent directors were appointed to the company's board.[\\[341\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-secured-342) Tesla and Musk also paid civil penalties of $20 million each.[\\[341\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-secured-342) A civil [class-action](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_action \"Class action\") shareholder lawsuit over Musk's statements and other derivative lawsuits were also filed against Musk and the members of Tesla's board of directors, as then constituted, in regard to claims and actions made that were associated with potentially going private.[\\[342\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-343)[\\[343\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC_file-344) In February 2023, a California jury unanimously found Musk and Tesla not liable in the class-action lawsuit.[\\[344\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-345)\n",
            "\n",
            "In September 2018, Tesla disclosed that it was under investigation by the US [Federal Bureau of Investigation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation \"Federal Bureau of Investigation\") (FBI) regarding its Model 3 production figures.[\\[345\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Viswanatha-2018-346) Authorities were investigating whether the company misled investors and made projections about its Model 3 production that it knew would be impossible to meet.[\\[345\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Viswanatha-2018-346) A stockholder class action lawsuit against Tesla related to Model 3 production numbers (unrelated to the FBI investigation) was dismissed in March 2019.[\\[346\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-347)[\\[347\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-348)[\\[348\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-349)\n",
            "\n",
            "In May 2024, Reuters reported that US federal prosecutors were investigating whether the company committed securities or wire fraud by \"misleading investors and consumers\" about Autopilot and Full Self-Driving.[\\[349\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-350)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Tesla US dealership disputes\n",
            "\n",
            "Unlike other automakers, Tesla does not rely on franchised [auto dealerships](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto_dealership \"Auto dealership\") to sell vehicles and instead directly sells vehicles through its website and a network of company-owned stores. In some areas, Tesla operates locations called \"galleries\" which \"educate and inform customers about our products, but such locations do not actually transact in the sale of vehicles.\"[\\[143\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-10K_2021-144) This is because some jurisdictions, particularly in the United States, prohibit auto manufacturers from directly selling vehicles to consumers. Dealership associations have filed lawsuits to prevent direct sales. These associations argued that the franchise system protects consumers by encouraging dealers to compete with each other, lowering the price a customer pays. They also claimed that direct sales would allow manufacturers to undersell their own dealers.[\\[146\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-bypass-147) The United States [Federal Trade Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission \"Federal Trade Commission\") ultimately disproved the associations' claims and recommended allowing direct manufacturer sale, which they concluded would save consumers 8% in average vehicle price.[\\[350\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Lao-Feinstein-2015-351)[\\[351\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Read-2015-352)[\\[352\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Bodisch-2009-353)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has also lobbied state governments for the right to directly sell cars.[\\[353\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-TechCrunch-2021-354) The company has argued that directly operating stores improves consumer education about electric vehicles,[\\[143\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-10K_2021-144) because dealerships would sell both Tesla and gas-powered vehicles. Doing this, according to the company, would then set up a [conflict of interest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_of_interest \"Conflict of interest\") for the dealers since properly advertising the benefits of an electric car would disparage the gas-powered vehicles, creating a disincentive to dealership EV sales.[\\[146\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-bypass-147) Musk himself further contended that dealers would have a disincentive to sell electric vehicles because they require less maintenance and therefore would reduce after-sales service revenue, a large profit center for most dealerships.[\\[114\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Yarrow_2014-115)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Intellectual property\n",
            "\n",
            "In January 2021, Tesla filed a lawsuit against Alex Khatilov alleging that the former employee stole company information by downloading files related to its Warp Drive software to his personal [Dropbox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dropbox_/(service/) \"Dropbox (service)\") account.[\\[354\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-355) Khatilov denies the allegation that he was acting as a \"willful and malicious thief\" and attributes his actions to an accidental data transfer.[\\[355\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-356) The case was settled in August 2021 through mediation.[\\[356\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-357)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has sued former employees in the past for similar actions, including those who left to work for a rival such as [XPeng](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XPeng \"XPeng\") and [Zoox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoox_/(company/) \"Zoox (company)\");[\\[357\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-358) for example, Guangzhi Cao, a Tesla engineer, was accused of uploading [Tesla Autopilot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Autopilot \"Tesla Autopilot\") source code to his [iCloud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICloud \"ICloud\") account;[\\[358\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-359) Tesla and Cao settled in April 2021, in which Cao was ordered to monetarily compensate Tesla.[\\[359\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-360)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Misappropriation\n",
            "\n",
            "In 2018, a class action was filed against Musk and the members of Tesla's board alleging they breached their fiduciary duties by approving Musk's stock-based compensation plan.[\\[343\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC_file-344) Musk received the first portion of his stock options payout, worth more than $700 million in May 2020.[\\[360\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-361)\n",
            "\n",
            "In July 2023, Tesla board members returned $735 million to the company to settle a claim from a 2020 lawsuit alleging misappropriation of 11 million stock options granted to Elon Musk, Kimbal Musk, Larry Ellison, and others from 2017 to 2020.[\\[361\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-362)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Environmental violations\n",
            "\n",
            "In 2019, The [United States Environmental Protection Agency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency \"United States Environmental Protection Agency\") fined Tesla for hazardous waste violations that occurred in 2017.[\\[362\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-363) In June 2019, Tesla began negotiating penalties for 19 environmental violations from the [Bay Area Air Quality Management District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_Area_Air_Quality_Management_District \"Bay Area Air Quality Management District\");[\\[363\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-364) the violations took place around Tesla Fremont's paint shop, where there had been at least four fires between 2014 and 2019.[\\[364\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Niedermeyer-2019-365) Environmental violations and permit deviations at Tesla's Fremont Factory increased from 2018 to 2019 with the production ramp of the Model 3.[\\[365\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-366)\n",
            "\n",
            "In June 2018, Tesla employee [Martin Tripp](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Tripp \"Martin Tripp\") leaked information that Tesla was scrapping or reworking up to 40% of its raw materials at the Nevada Gigafactory.[\\[366\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Robinson-2019-367) After Tesla fired him for the leak, Tripp filed a lawsuit and claimed Tesla's security team gave police a false tip that he was planning a mass shooting at the Nevada factory.[\\[367\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-368)[\\[306\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-O'Kane-2019-307) The court ruled in Tesla's favor on September 17, 2020.[\\[368\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-369)[\\[369\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-370)\n",
            "\n",
            "In January 2024, 25 California counties sued Tesla, accusing the company of violating state health and safety codes by illegally disposing of hazardous waste. Later that week, the case was settled on the conditions that Tesla pay US$1.5 million and admit to acting \"intentionally\" and \"negligent\". On top of that, Tesla also agreed to train its employees on hazardous waste disposal and to have 10 percent of Tesla's facilities audited for waste disposal for the next 5 years.[\\[370\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-371)[\\[371\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-372)[\\[372\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-373)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Property damage\n",
            "\n",
            "In August 2019, [Walmart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walmart \"Walmart\") filed a multi-million-dollar lawsuit against Tesla, claiming that Tesla's \"negligent installation and maintenance\" of solar panels caused roof fires at seven Walmart stores dating back to 2012.[\\[373\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-374) Walmart reached a settlement with Tesla in November 2019; the terms of the settlement were not disclosed.[\\[374\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-375)\n",
            "\n",
            "In April 2021, a Norwegian judge found Tesla guilty of throttling charging speed through a 2019 over-the-air software update, after they failed to respond to the lawsuit. The 30 customers who were part of the lawsuit were awarded 136,000 Norwegian kroner each ($16,000).[\\[375\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Porterfield-2021-376)[\\[376\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-377)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Racism\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has faced numerous complaints regarding workplace harassment and racial discrimination,[\\[377\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-378)[\\[378\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-379) with one former Tesla worker who attempted to sue the employer describing it as \"a hotbed of racist behavior\".[\\[379\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-380) As of December 2021, three percent of leadership at the company are African American.[\\[380\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-381) A former black worker described the work environment at Tesla's Buffalo plant as a \"very racist place\".[\\[381\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-382) Tesla and SpaceX's treatment of [Juneteenth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juneteenth \"Juneteenth\") in 2020 also came under fire.[\\[382\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-383) Approximately 100 former employees have submitted signed statements alleging that Tesla discriminates specifically against African Americans and \"allows a racist environment in its factories.\"[\\[383\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-384) According to the state's Department of Fair Employment and Housing, the Fremont factory is a racially segregated place where Black employees claim they are given the most menial[\\[384\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-385) and physically demanding work.[\\[385\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Wiessner-2022-386) The accusations of racism culminated in February 2022 with the California Department of Fair Employment and Housing suing Tesla for \"discriminating against its Black workers.\"[\\[386\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-387)\n",
            "\n",
            "In July 2021, former employee Melvin Berry received $1 million in his discrimination case in arbitration against Tesla after he claimed he was referred to by the [n-word](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-word \"N-word\") and forced to work longer hours at the Fremont plant.[\\[387\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-388)\n",
            "\n",
            "In October 2021, a jury verdict in the _[Owen Diaz vs. Tesla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen_Diaz_vs._Tesla \"Owen Diaz vs. Tesla\")_ trial awarded the plaintiff $137 million in damages after he had faced racial harassment at Tesla's Fremont facility during 2015–2016.[\\[388\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-389)[\\[389\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-390) In a blog, Tesla stressed that Diaz was never \"really\" a Tesla worker, and that most utterings of the n-word were expressed in a friendly manner.[\\[390\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-391)[\\[391\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Kolodny-2021-392) In April 2022, federal judge [William Orrick](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Orrick_III \"William Orrick III\") upheld the jury finding of Tesla's liability but reduced the total damage down to $15 million.[\\[392\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-393) Diaz was given a two-week deadline to decide if he would collect the damages. In June 2022, Diaz announced that he would be rejecting the $15 million award, opening the door for a new trial.[\\[393\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-394) In April 2023, Diaz was awarded $3.2 million in the new trial.[\\[394\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-395)\n",
            "\n",
            "Few of these cases against Tesla ever make it to trial as most employees are made to sign arbitration agreements.[\\[395\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-396) Employees are afterwards required to resolve such disputes out of court, and behind closed doors.\n",
            "\n",
            "### COVID-19 pandemic\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla's initial response to the [COVID-19 pandemic in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United States\") has been the subject of considerable criticism. Musk had sought to exempt the Tesla Fremont factory in Alameda County, California from the government's stay-at-home orders. In an [earnings call](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earnings_call \"Earnings call\") in April, he was heard calling the public health orders \"fascist\".[\\[396\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Siddiqui-2021a-397) He had also called the public's response to the pandemic \"dumb\" and had said online that there would be zero cases by April.[\\[397\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-398) In May 2020, while [Alameda County](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alameda_County,_California \"Alameda County, California\") officials were negotiating with the company to reopen the [Fremont Factory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Fremont_Factory \"Tesla Fremont Factory\") on the 18th, Musk defied local government orders by restarting production on the 11th.[\\[398\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-399)[\\[399\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-400)[\\[400\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:4-401) Tesla also sued Alameda County, questioning the legality of the orders, but backed down after the Fremont Factory was given approval to reopen.[\\[401\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-402)[\\[402\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-cnbc20200613-403) In June 2020, Tesla published a detailed plan for bringing employees back to work and keeping them safe,[\\[403\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-404) however some employees still expressed concern for their health.[\\[404\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-cnbc20200612-405)\n",
            "\n",
            "In May 2020, Musk told workers that they could stay home if they felt uncomfortable coming back to work.[\\[405\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-406) But in June, Tesla fired an employee who criticized the company for taking inadequate safety measures to protect workers from the coronavirus at the Fremont Factory.[\\[406\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-407) Three more employees at Tesla's Fremont Factory claimed they were fired for staying home out of fear of catching COVID-19. This was subsequently denied by Tesla, which even stated that the employees were still on the payroll.[\\[407\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-408) COVID-19 cases at the factory grew from 10 in May 2020 to 125 in December 2020, with about 450 total cases in that time period out of the approximately 10,000 workers at the plant (4.5%).[\\[396\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Siddiqui-2021a-397)[\\[408\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-409)\n",
            "\n",
            "In China, Tesla had what one executive described as \"not a green light from the government to get back to work – but a flashing-sirens police escort.\"[\\[409\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Campbell-2021a-410) Tesla enjoyed special treatment and strong government support in China, including tax breaks, cheap financing, and assistance in building its [Giga Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giga_Shanghai \"Giga Shanghai\") factory at breakneck speeds.[\\[409\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Campbell-2021a-410) Musk has praised China's way of doing things, a controversial stance due to deteriorating [U.S.–Chinese relations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Chinese_relations \"U.S.–Chinese relations\"), the [Persecution of Uyghurs in China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China \"Persecution of Uyghurs in China\"), and alleged human rights abuses in Hong Kong.[\\[409\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Campbell-2021a-410)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Right to repair\n",
            "\n",
            "In March 2023, a class action antitrust lawsuit was filed against Tesla by Virginia M. Lambrix in San Francisco, California, alleging that the company unlawfully monopolized the market for maintenance and repair of its vehicles in violation of the [Sherman Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherman_Antitrust_Act \"Sherman Antitrust Act\") and California antitrust law, as a result of which owners were \"forced to pay supracompetitive prices and suffer exorbitant wait times\" for maintenance services and repair parts.[\\[410\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-411)[\\[411\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-412) The lawsuit was later combined with four other similar suits.[\\[412\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:02-413)[\\[413\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:13-414)\n",
            "\n",
            "While six out of eight alleged antitrust violations were dismissed, in June 2024 US District Judge [Trina Thompson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trina_Thompson \"Trina Thompson\") allowed two claims to proceed, including alleged violations of California’s Cartwright Act and Unfair Competition Law (UCL), with the court finding evidence of a repairs monopoly in Tesla's designing of its vehicles to require diagnostic and software updates that only the company could provide, and evidence of a parts monopoly in Tesla's restricting [original equipment manufacturers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturer \"Original equipment manufacturer\") from selling \"to anyone other than Tesla.\"[\\[412\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:02-413)[\\[413\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:13-414)\n",
            "\n",
            "Criticism\n",
            "---------\n",
            "\n",
            "### Data privacy\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla was only the second product ever reviewed by Mozilla foundation which ticked all of their privacy concerns.[\\[414\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-415)[\\[415\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-416)\n",
            "\n",
            "A Tesla owner filed a lawsuit in 2023 following a Reuters report that Tesla employees shared \"highly invasive videos and images recorded by customers' car cameras\" with one another.[\\[416\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-417)\n",
            "\n",
            "Internal data troves shared with various international government agencies and news organizations by former employee and whistleblower Lukasz Krupski in late 2023 implicated Tesla in \"serious data protection lapse\\[s\\].\"[\\[417\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-418) The data Krupski retrieved included \"information about current and former Tesla staff, including passport numbers, medical details and salaries\" and was readily available on internal systems that most employees had access to.[\\[418\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-419) As of November 2023, the Data Protection Authority in the Netherlands is investigating whether Tesla's alleged lack of internal security violated privacy laws.[\\[419\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-420)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Short sellers\n",
            "\n",
            "[TSLAQ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TSLAQ \"TSLAQ\") is a collective of Tesla critics and short sellers who aim to \"shape \\[the\\] perception \\[of Tesla\\] and move its stock.\"[\\[420\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-421) In January 2020, 20% of Tesla stock was shorted, the highest at that time of any stock in the U.S. equity markets.[\\[421\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-422) By early 2021, according to CNN, short sellers had lost $40 billion during 2020 as the stock price climbed much higher.[\\[422\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-423) [Michael Burry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Burry \"Michael Burry\"), a short seller portrayed in _[The Big Short](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Big_Short_/(film/) \"The Big Short (film)\")_, had shorted Tesla previously via his firm Scion Asset Management, but removed his position in October 2021.[\\[423\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-424)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Tesla's mission\n",
            "\n",
            "According to automotive journalist Jamie Kitman, when multiple CEOs of major automotive manufacturers approached Tesla for EV technology that Musk had claimed the company was willing to share, they instead were offered the opportunity to buy regulatory credits from Tesla. This suggested, according to Kitman, that \"the company may not be as eager for the electric revolution to occur as it claims.\"[\\[424\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-425)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Giga New York audit\n",
            "\n",
            "In 2020, the [New York State Comptroller](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_State_Comptroller \"New York State Comptroller\") released an audit of the [Giga New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giga_New_York \"Giga New York\") factory project, concluding that it presented many red flags, including lack of basic due diligence and that the factory itself produced only $0.54 in economic benefits for every $1 spent by the state.[\\[425\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-426)[\\[426\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-427)[\\[427\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-428)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Delays\n",
            "\n",
            "Musk has been criticized for repeated pushing out both production and release dates of products.[\\[428\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-429)[\\[429\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-430) By one count in 2016, Musk had missed 20 projections.[\\[430\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-431) In October 2017, Musk predicted that Model 3 production would be 5,000 units per week by December.[\\[431\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-432) A month later, he revised that target to \"sometime in March\" 2018.[\\[432\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-WP_production-hell-433) Delivery dates for the Model 3 were delayed as well.[\\[433\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-434) Other projects like converting supercharger stations to be [solar-powered](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-power \"Solar-power\") have also lagged projections.[\\[434\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-435) Musk responded in late 2018: \"punctuality is not my strong suit...I never made a mass-produced car. How am I supposed to know with precision when it's gonna get done?\"[\\[435\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-436)\n",
            "\n",
            "Vehicle product issues\n",
            "----------------------\n",
            "\n",
            "### Recalls\n",
            "\n",
            "On April 20, 2017, Tesla issued a worldwide recall of 53,000 (~70%) of the 76,000 vehicles it sold in 2016 due to faulty parking brakes which could become stuck and \"prevent the vehicles from moving\".[\\[436\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-437)[\\[437\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-438) On March 29, 2018, Tesla issued a worldwide recall of 123,000 Model S cars built before April 2016 due to [corrosion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosion \"Corrosion\")\\-susceptible [power steering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_steering \"Power steering\") bolts, which could fail and require the driver to use \"increased force\" to control the vehicle.[\\[438\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-439)\n",
            "\n",
            "In October 2020, Tesla initiated a recall of nearly 50,000 Model X and Y vehicles throughout China for suspension issues.[\\[439\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-440) Soon after in November, the NHTSA announced it had opened its own investigation into 115,000 Tesla cars regarding \"front suspension safety issues\", citing specifically 2015–2017 Model S and 2016–2017 Model X years. Cases of the \"whompy wheel\" phenomenon, which also included Model X and the occasional Model 3 cars, have been documented through 2020.[\\[440\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-441)[\\[441\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-442)\n",
            "\n",
            "In February 2021, Tesla was required by the NHTSA to recall 135,000 Model S and Model X vehicles built from 2012 to 2018 due to using a [flash memory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory \"Flash memory\") device that was rated to last only 5 to 6 years.[\\[442\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-443) The problem was related to touchscreen failures that could possibly affect the rear-view camera, safety systems, Autopilot and other features.[\\[443\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-444)[\\[444\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-445) The underlying technical reason is that the car writes a large amount of [syslog](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syslog \"Syslog\") content to the device, wearing it out prematurely.[\\[445\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-446)\n",
            "\n",
            "Also in February 2021, the German Federal Motor Transport Authority (KBA) ordered Tesla to recall 12,300 Model X cars because of \"body mouldings problems\".[\\[446\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-447)[\\[447\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-448)\n",
            "\n",
            "In June 2021, Tesla recalled 5,974 electric vehicles due to worries that brake caliper bolts might become loose, which could lead to loss of tire pressure, potentially increasing the chance of a crash.[\\[448\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-449)\n",
            "\n",
            "On December 30, 2021, Tesla announced that they are recalling more than 475,000 US model vehicles. This included 356,309 Model 3 Tesla vehicles from 2017 to 2020 due to rear-view camera issues and a further 119,009 Tesla Model S vehicles due to potential problems with the trunk or boot. The Model S recall includes vehicles manufactured between 2014 and 2021. Around 1% of recalled Model 3s may have a defective rear-view camera, and around 14% of recalled model S' may have the defect. The recall was not linked to a contemporaneous issue regarding the Passenger Play feature, which allowed games to be played on the touchscreen while the car is in motion.[\\[449\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-450) After an investigation was launched by the NHTSA covering 585,000 vehicles, Tesla agreed to make changes where the feature would be locked and unusable while the car is moving.[\\[450\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-451)\n",
            "\n",
            "In September 2022, Tesla announced that they are recalling almost 1.1 million US model vehicles because the automatic window reversal system might not react correctly after detecting an obstruction, increasing the risk of injury.[\\[451\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-452)[\\[452\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Root-2022-453) In response, Tesla announced an over-the-air software fix.[\\[452\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Root-2022-453)\n",
            "\n",
            "In February 2023, Tesla recalled its FSD software following a recommendation from NHTSA; the recall applied to approximately 360,000 cars.[\\[453\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-454) NHTSA found that FSD caused \"unreasonable risk\" when used on city streets.[\\[454\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-455) In March 2023, about 3,500 Model Y Teslas were recalled for a bolting issue concerning the cars' second-row seats.[\\[455\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-456)\n",
            "\n",
            "In December 2023, following a 2-year-long investigation by the [NHTSA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHTSA \"NHTSA\"),[\\[456\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-457) Tesla issued a wider recall on all vehicles equipped with any version of Autosteer, including 2012–2023 Model S; 2016–2023 Model X; 2017–2023 Model 3; and 2020–2023 Model Y, covering 2,031,220 vehicles in total.[\\[457\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-NHTSA_23V-838-458) The NHTSA concluded that Autosteer's controls were not sufficient to prevent misuse and did not ensure that the drivers maintained \"continuous and sustained responsibility for vehicle operation\" and states that affected vehicles will receive an over-the-air software remedy.[\\[457\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-NHTSA_23V-838-458)[\\[458\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-459)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Fires\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla customers have reported the company as being \"slow\" to address how their cars can ignite.[\\[459\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-460) In 2013, a Model S caught fire after the vehicle hit metal debris on a highway in [Kent, Washington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent,_Washington \"Kent, Washington\"). Tesla confirmed the fire began in the battery pack and was caused by the impact of an object.[\\[460\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-461) As a result of this and other incidents, Tesla announced its decision to extend its current vehicle warranty to cover fire damage.[\\[461\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-462) In March 2014, the NHTSA announced that it had closed the investigation into whether the Model S was prone to catch fire, after Tesla said it would provide more protection to its battery packs.[\\[462\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-463) All Model S cars manufactured after March 6, 2014, have had the 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) aluminum shield over the battery pack replaced with a new three-layer shield.[\\[463\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-464) In October 2019, the NHTSA opened an investigation into possible battery defects in Tesla's Model S and X vehicles from 2012 to 2019 that could cause \"non-crash\" fires.[\\[464\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-465)[\\[465\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-466)[\\[466\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-467)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Autopilot crashes\n",
            "\n",
            "A Model S driver died in a collision with a tractor-trailer in 2016, while the vehicle was in Autopilot mode; the driver is believed to be the first person to have died in a Tesla vehicle in Autopilot.[\\[467\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-468)[\\[468\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-469) The NHTSA investigated the accident but found no safety-related defect trend.[\\[469\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-470) In March 2018, a driver of a Tesla Model X was killed in a crash. Investigators say that the driver of the vehicle had his car in 'self-driving' mode and was using his phone to play games when the vehicle collided with the barrier in the middle of the freeway. Through investigation, the NTSB found that the Tesla malfunctioned due to the system being confused by an exit on the freeway.[\\[470\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-471)\n",
            "\n",
            "According to a document released in June 2021, the NHTSA has initiated at least 30 investigations into Tesla crashes that were believed to involve the use of Autopilot, with some [involving fatalities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Autopilot#Fatal_crashes \"Tesla Autopilot\").[\\[471\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-472)[\\[472\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-473) In early September 2021, the NHTSA updated the list with an additional fatality incident[\\[473\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-auto-474) and ordered Tesla to hand over all extensive data pertaining to US cars with Autopilot to determine if there is a safety defect that leads Tesla cars to collide with first-responder vehicles.[\\[473\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-auto-474)[\\[474\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-475)[\\[475\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-476) In late September 2021, Tesla released an over-the-air software update to detect emergency lights at night.[\\[476\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-477) In October 2021, the NHTSA asked Tesla why it did not issue a recall when it sent out that update.[\\[477\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-478) In June 2022, the NHTSA said it would expand its probe, extending it to 830,000 cars from all current Tesla models. The probe will be moved up from the _Preliminary Evaluation_ level to the _Engineering Analysis_ one. The regulator cited the reason for the expansion as the need to \"explore the degree to which Autopilot and associated Tesla systems may exacerbate human factors or behavioral safety risks by undermining the effectiveness of the driver's supervision.\"[\\[478\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-479)\n",
            "\n",
            "A safety test conducted by the Dawn Project in August 2022 demonstrated that a test driver using the beta version of Full Self-Driving repeatedly hit a child-sized mannequin in its path,[\\[479\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-480) but there has been controversy over its conclusions.[\\[480\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-481) Several Tesla owners responded by conducting their own, independent tests using children; NHTSA released a statement warning against the practice.[\\[481\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-482)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Software hacking\n",
            "\n",
            "In August 2015, two researchers said they were able to take control of a Tesla Model S by hacking into the car's entertainment system.[\\[482\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-483) The hack required the researchers to physically access the car.[\\[483\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-484) Tesla issued a [security update](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patch_/(computing/) \"Patch (computing)\") for the Model S the day after the exploit was announced.[\\[484\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-485)\n",
            "\n",
            "In September 2016, researchers at [Tencent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tencent \"Tencent\")'s Keen Security Lab demonstrated a remote attack on a Tesla Model S and controlled the vehicle in both Parking and Driving Mode without physical access. They were able to compromise the automotive networking bus ([CAN bus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAN_bus \"CAN bus\")) when the vehicle's web browser was used while the vehicle was connected to a malicious Wi-Fi hotspot.[\\[485\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-486) This was the first case of a remote control exploit demonstrated on a Tesla. The vulnerability was disclosed to Tesla under their [bug bounty program](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bug_bounty_program \"Bug bounty program\") and patched within 10 days, before the exploit was made public.[\\[486\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-487) Tencent also hacked the doors of a Model X in 2017.[\\[487\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-488)\n",
            "\n",
            "In January 2018, security researchers informed Tesla that an [Amazon Web Services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services \"Amazon Web Services\") account of theirs could be accessed directly from the Internet and that the account had been exploited for [cryptocurrency mining](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptocurrency_mining \"Cryptocurrency mining\"). Tesla responded by securing the compromised system, rewarding the security researchers financially via their bug bounty program, and stating that the compromise did not violate customer privacy, nor vehicle safety or security.[\\[488\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-489)[\\[489\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-490) Later in 2019, Tesla awarded a car and $375,000 to [ethical hackers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_hat_/(computer_security/) \"White hat (computer security)\") during a [Pwn2Own](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwn2Own \"Pwn2Own\") Model 3 hacking event.[\\[490\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-491)\n",
            "\n",
            "In June 2022, Martin Herfurt, a security researcher in Austria, discovered that changes made to make Tesla vehicles easier to start with [NFC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-field_communication \"Near-field communication\") cards also allowed for pairing new keys to the vehicle, allowing an attacker to enroll their own keys to a vehicle.[\\[491\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-492)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Phantom braking\n",
            "\n",
            "In February 2022, Tesla drivers have reported a surge in \"phantom braking\" events when using Tesla Autopilot which coincides with the automaker's removal of radar as a supplemental sensor in May 2021.[\\[492\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-493) In response, NHTSA has opened an investigation.[\\[493\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-494)\n",
            "\n",
            "In May 2023, German business newspaper _[Handelsblatt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handelsblatt \"Handelsblatt\")_ published a series of articles based on a trove of internal Tesla data submitted to them from informants.[\\[494\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-495) The 100 gigabytes of data \"contain\\[ed\\] over 1,000 accident reports involving phantom braking or unintended acceleration\" as well as complaints about Tesla Autopilot.[\\[495\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-496) [Dutch authorities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Data_Protection_Authority \"Dutch Data Protection Authority\") responded by saying they were investigating the company for possible data privacy violations.[\\[496\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-497)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Driving range performance\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has received thousands of complaints from owners that the driving ranges of their vehicles did not meet the ranges advertised by Tesla or the projections of in-dash range meters. When service centers were overwhelmed with appointments to take care of these issues, Tesla established a diversion team to cancel as many appointments as possible. Customers were told that remote diagnostics had determined there was no problem and their appointments were canceled. The company has been fined by South Korean regulators for its exaggerated range estimates.[\\[497\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-498)\n",
            "\n",
            "Vehicle sales\n",
            "-------------\n",
            "\n",
            "In 2023, Tesla ranked as the world's best-selling [battery electric](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle \"Battery electric vehicle\") passenger car manufacturer, with a market share of 19.9%.[\\[498\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-499) Tesla reported 2023 vehicle deliveries of 1.8 million units, up 38% from 2022.[\\[499\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-500)[\\[500\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-501) In March 2024, Tesla produced its six millionth car.[\\[501\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-502) In Q4 2023, BYD took over the top spot for EVs shipped, but Tesla regained the title in Q1 2024.[\\[502\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-503)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Production and sales by quarter\n",
            "\n",
            "100,000\n",
            "\n",
            "200,000\n",
            "\n",
            "300,000\n",
            "\n",
            "400,000\n",
            "\n",
            "500,000\n",
            "\n",
            "3 2012\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2013\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2014\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2015\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2016\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2017\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2018\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2019\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2020\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2021\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2022\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2023\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "4\n",
            "\n",
            "1\n",
            "\n",
            "2 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "3\n",
            "\n",
            "*     Model S\n",
            "*     Model X\n",
            "*     Model S/X\n",
            "*     Other Models\n",
            "*     Model 3\n",
            "*     Model 3/Y\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla deliveries vary significantly by month due to regional issues such as availability of [car carriers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_carrier \"Car carrier\") and registration. On March 9, 2020, the company produced its 1 millionth electric car, becoming the first [auto manufacturer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto_manufacturer \"Auto manufacturer\") to achieve such a milestone.[\\[503\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-1million-504) In the third quarter of 2021, Tesla sold its 2 millionth electric car, becoming the first auto manufacturer to achieve such a milestone.[\\[504\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-505) In the first quarter of 2023, the Model Y became the world's best-selling car, surpassing the Toyota Corolla.[\\[505\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-506)\n",
            "\n",
            "Finances\n",
            "--------\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla financial performance\n",
            "\n",
            "For the fiscal (and calendar) year 2021, Tesla reported a net income of $5.52 billion.[\\[506\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Tesla4Q2021final-507) The annual revenue was $53.8 billion, an increase of 71% over the previous fiscal year.[\\[506\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Tesla4Q2021final-507)\n",
            "\n",
            "Sales by business (2023)[\\[507\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:5-508)\n",
            "\n",
            "Business\n",
            "\n",
            "Sales in billion $\n",
            "\n",
            "share\n",
            "\n",
            "Automotive\n",
            "\n",
            "90.7\n",
            "\n",
            "93.8%\n",
            "\n",
            "Energy Generation and Storage\n",
            "\n",
            "6.0\n",
            "\n",
            "6.2%\n",
            "\n",
            "Sales by region (2023)[\\[507\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:5-508)\n",
            "\n",
            "Region\n",
            "\n",
            "Sales in billion $\n",
            "\n",
            "share\n",
            "\n",
            "United States\n",
            "\n",
            "45.2\n",
            "\n",
            "46.7%\n",
            "\n",
            "Other countries\n",
            "\n",
            "29.8\n",
            "\n",
            "30.8%\n",
            "\n",
            "China\n",
            "\n",
            "21.5\n",
            "\n",
            "22.5%\n",
            "\n",
            "Of the revenue number in 2021, $314 million came from selling regulatory credits to other automakers to meet government pollution standards. That number has been a smaller percentage of revenue for multiple quarters.[\\[506\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Tesla4Q2021final-507)\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla ended 2021 with $17.6 billion of cash on hand, down $1.8 billion from the end of 2020.[\\[143\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-10K_2021-144): 31\n",
            "\n",
            "In February 2021, a [10-K](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Form_10-K \"Form 10-K\") filing revealed that Tesla had invested some $1.5 billion in the cryptocurrency Bitcoin, and the company indicated it would soon accept Bitcoin as a form of payment.[\\[83\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-bb20210208-84) Critics then pointed out how investing in cryptocurrency can run counter to Tesla's environmental goals.[\\[508\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-509)[\\[509\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-510) Tesla made more profit from the 2021 investment than the profit from selling cars in 2020, due to the Bitcoin price increase after the investment was announced.[\\[510\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-511)[\\[511\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-512)\n",
            "\n",
            "The quarter ending June 2021 was the first time Tesla made a profit independent of Bitcoin and regulatory credits.[\\[512\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-513)\n",
            "\n",
            "The key trends for Tesla are (as at the financial year ending December 31):\n",
            "\n",
            "Year\n",
            "\n",
            "Revenue  \n",
            "(US$ m)\n",
            "\n",
            "Net income  \n",
            "(US$ m)\n",
            "\n",
            "Total assets  \n",
            "(US$ m)\n",
            "\n",
            "Employees\n",
            "\n",
            "Sources\n",
            "\n",
            "2005\n",
            "\n",
            "0\n",
            "\n",
            "−12\n",
            "\n",
            "8\n",
            "\n",
            "2006\n",
            "\n",
            "0\n",
            "\n",
            "−30\n",
            "\n",
            "44\n",
            "\n",
            "70\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[513\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-514)[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2007\n",
            "\n",
            "0.073\n",
            "\n",
            "−78\n",
            "\n",
            "34\n",
            "\n",
            "268\n",
            "\n",
            "2008\n",
            "\n",
            "15\n",
            "\n",
            "−83\n",
            "\n",
            "52\n",
            "\n",
            "252\n",
            "\n",
            "2009\n",
            "\n",
            "112\n",
            "\n",
            "−56\n",
            "\n",
            "130\n",
            "\n",
            "514\n",
            "\n",
            "2010\n",
            "\n",
            "117\n",
            "\n",
            "−154\n",
            "\n",
            "386\n",
            "\n",
            "899\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2011\n",
            "\n",
            "204\n",
            "\n",
            "−254\n",
            "\n",
            "713\n",
            "\n",
            "1,417\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2012\n",
            "\n",
            "413\n",
            "\n",
            "−396\n",
            "\n",
            "1,114\n",
            "\n",
            "2,914\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2013\n",
            "\n",
            "2,013\n",
            "\n",
            "−74\n",
            "\n",
            "2,417\n",
            "\n",
            "5,859\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2014\n",
            "\n",
            "3,198\n",
            "\n",
            "−294\n",
            "\n",
            "5,831\n",
            "\n",
            "10,161\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2015\n",
            "\n",
            "4,046\n",
            "\n",
            "−889\n",
            "\n",
            "8,068\n",
            "\n",
            "13,058\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2016\n",
            "\n",
            "7,000\n",
            "\n",
            "−675\n",
            "\n",
            "22,664\n",
            "\n",
            "17,782\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2017\n",
            "\n",
            "11,759\n",
            "\n",
            "−1,962\n",
            "\n",
            "28,655\n",
            "\n",
            "37,543\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2018\n",
            "\n",
            "21,461\n",
            "\n",
            "−976\n",
            "\n",
            "29,740\n",
            "\n",
            "48,817\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2019\n",
            "\n",
            "24,578\n",
            "\n",
            "−862\n",
            "\n",
            "34,309\n",
            "\n",
            "48,016\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2020\n",
            "\n",
            "31,536\n",
            "\n",
            "721\n",
            "\n",
            "52,148\n",
            "\n",
            "70,757\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2021\n",
            "\n",
            "53,823\n",
            "\n",
            "5,519\n",
            "\n",
            "62,131\n",
            "\n",
            "99,290\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2022\n",
            "\n",
            "81,462\n",
            "\n",
            "12,556\n",
            "\n",
            "82,338\n",
            "\n",
            "127,855\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "2023\n",
            "\n",
            "96,773\n",
            "\n",
            "14,997\n",
            "\n",
            "106,618\n",
            "\n",
            "140,473\n",
            "\n",
            "[\\[514\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-SEC-515)\n",
            "\n",
            "Corporate affairs\n",
            "-----------------\n",
            "\n",
            "### List of chief executives\n",
            "\n",
            "1.  Martin Eberhard (2004–2007)\n",
            "2.  Ze'ev Drori (2007–2008)[\\[515\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-516)[\\[516\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-517)\n",
            "3.  Elon Musk (since October 2008)[\\[517\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-MSJ-Markets-2022-518)\n",
            "\n",
            "### List of board chairs\n",
            "\n",
            "1.  Elon Musk (2004–2018)[\\[518\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-519)\n",
            "2.  [Robyn Denholm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robyn_Denholm \"Robyn Denholm\") (since November 2018)[\\[517\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-MSJ-Markets-2022-518)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Board of directors\n",
            "\n",
            "Tesla has received criticism that its board lacks enough independent directors. In an April 2017 public letter, a group of influential Tesla investors, including the [California State Teachers' Retirement System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_State_Teachers%27_Retirement_System \"California State Teachers' Retirement System\"), asked Tesla to add two new independent directors to its board \"who do not have any ties with chief executive Elon Musk\".[\\[519\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Independent-520) The investors wrote that \"five of six current non-executive directors have professional or personal ties to Mr. Musk that could put at risk their ability to exercise independent judgement.\"[\\[520\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-USA-Today-2017-04-12-521) Tesla's directors at the time included Brad Buss, who served as chief financial officer at SolarCity; [Steve Jurvetson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Jurvetson \"Steve Jurvetson\"), a venture capitalist who also sits on the board of SpaceX;[\\[521\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-BI_BOD_2018-522) Elon Musk's brother, [Kimbal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbal_Musk \"Kimbal Musk\"); and Ira Ehrenpreis and Antonio Gracias, both of whom also invested in SpaceX.[\\[522\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-523) The letter called for a more independent board that could put a check on [groupthink](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupthink \"Groupthink\").[\\[520\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-USA-Today-2017-04-12-521) At first Musk responded on Twitter, writing that the investors \"should buy Ford stock\" because \"their governance is amazing.\"[\\[520\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-USA-Today-2017-04-12-521) Two days later, he promised he would add two independent board members;[\\[523\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-524) [Kathleen Wilson-Thompson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathleen_Wilson-Thompson \"Kathleen Wilson-Thompson\") and [Larry Ellison](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Ellison \"Larry Ellison\") were added at the end of 2018.[\\[524\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-525) Ellison stepped down in August 2022.[\\[525\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-526) Former Tesla CTO [J. B. Straubel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._B._Straubel \"J. B. Straubel\") who left the company in 2019, was elected to the board in 2023.[\\[526\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-jb-board-527)\n",
            "\n",
            "Another criticism of the board composition is that most of the independent directors lack automotive industry experience.[\\[527\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-528) The exception is Robyn Denholm who served in finance and corporate reporting roles at [Toyota Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Australia \"Toyota Australia\") from 1989 to 1996.[\\[528\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-cleantech_denholm_2018-529)\n",
            "\n",
            "Other previous board members include businessman [Steve Westly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Westly \"Steve Westly\"); Daimler executive Herbert Kohler;[\\[269\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-TN_BOD_2012-270) CEO and Chairman of [Johnson Publishing Company](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson_Publishing_Company \"Johnson Publishing Company\") Linda Johnson Rice;[\\[529\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GTM_BOD_2019-530) and [United Nations Special Envoy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Envoy_of_the_Secretary-General \"Special Envoy of the Secretary-General\") on Innovative Finance and Sustainable Investments [Hiromichi Mizuno](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiromichi_Mizuno \"Hiromichi Mizuno\").[\\[530\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-531)[\\[531\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-532)\n",
            "\n",
            "As of May 2023, the board members are:[\\[532\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-533)\n",
            "\n",
            "Joined\n",
            "\n",
            "Name\n",
            "\n",
            "Titles\n",
            "\n",
            "[Independent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_director \"Independent director\")\n",
            "\n",
            "2014[\\[533\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-534)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Robyn Denholm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robyn_Denholm \"Robyn Denholm\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Chair (since November 2018); former CFO and Head of Strategy at [Telstra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telstra \"Telstra\")[\\[528\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-cleantech_denholm_2018-529)\n",
            "\n",
            "Yes\n",
            "\n",
            "2004[\\[16\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVance2015155-17)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Elon Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk \"Elon Musk\")\n",
            "\n",
            "CEO, [product architect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_product_officer \"Chief product officer\"), former chairman; founder, CEO and CTO of SpaceX\n",
            "\n",
            "No\n",
            "\n",
            "2004[\\[534\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-535)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Kimbal Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbal_Musk \"Kimbal Musk\")\n",
            "\n",
            "SpaceX board member[\\[535\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-536)\n",
            "\n",
            "No\n",
            "\n",
            "2007[\\[536\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-537)\n",
            "\n",
            "Ira Ehrenpreis\n",
            "\n",
            "General Partner at Technology Partners[\\[529\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GTM_BOD_2019-530)\n",
            "\n",
            "Disputed[\\[519\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-Independent-520)\n",
            "\n",
            "2017[\\[529\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GTM_BOD_2019-530)\n",
            "\n",
            "[James Murdoch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Murdoch \"James Murdoch\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Former CEO of [21st Century Fox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/21st_Century_Fox \"21st Century Fox\")[\\[529\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-GTM_BOD_2019-530)\n",
            "\n",
            "Yes\n",
            "\n",
            "2018[\\[521\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-BI_BOD_2018-522)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Kathleen Wilson-Thompson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathleen_Wilson-Thompson \"Kathleen Wilson-Thompson\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Global head of Human Resources of [Walgreens Boots Alliance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walgreens_Boots_Alliance \"Walgreens Boots Alliance\")[\\[521\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-BI_BOD_2018-522)\n",
            "\n",
            "Yes\n",
            "\n",
            "2022[\\[537\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-538)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Joe Gebbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Gebbia \"Joe Gebbia\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Co-founder, board member and advisor of [Airbnb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbnb \"Airbnb\")[\\[538\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-539)\n",
            "\n",
            "Yes\n",
            "\n",
            "2023[\\[526\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-jb-board-527)\n",
            "\n",
            "[J. B. Straubel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._B._Straubel \"J. B. Straubel\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Founder and CEO of [Redwood Materials](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redwood_Materials \"Redwood Materials\"); former CTO of Tesla[\\[526\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-jb-board-527)\n",
            "\n",
            "Disputed[\\[526\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-jb-board-527)[\\[539\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-540)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Ownership structure\n",
            "\n",
            "The 10 largest shareholders of Tesla in March 2024 were:[\\[507\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-:5-508)\n",
            "\n",
            "Shareholder name\n",
            "\n",
            "Percentage\n",
            "\n",
            "[Elon Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk \"Elon Musk\")\n",
            "\n",
            "12.9%\n",
            "\n",
            "[The Vanguard Group](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vanguard_Group \"The Vanguard Group\")\n",
            "\n",
            "7.2%\n",
            "\n",
            "[BlackRock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackRock \"BlackRock\")\n",
            "\n",
            "4.5%\n",
            "\n",
            "[State Street Corporation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Street_Corporation \"State Street Corporation\")\n",
            "\n",
            "3.4%\n",
            "\n",
            "[Geode Capital Management](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geode_Capital_Management \"Geode Capital Management\")\n",
            "\n",
            "1.7%\n",
            "\n",
            "[Capital Research & Management (World Investors)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_Group_Companies \"Capital Group Companies\")\n",
            "\n",
            "1.3%\n",
            "\n",
            "[BlackRock Life](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackRock \"BlackRock\")\n",
            "\n",
            "1.2%\n",
            "\n",
            "[Eaton Vance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eaton_Vance \"Eaton Vance\")\n",
            "\n",
            "1.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "[Norges Bank](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norges_Bank \"Norges Bank\")\n",
            "\n",
            "1.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "[Fidelity Investments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidelity_Investments \"Fidelity Investments\")\n",
            "\n",
            "0.9%\n",
            "\n",
            "Others\n",
            "\n",
            "64.9%\n",
            "\n",
            "See also\n",
            "--------\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [List of automobile manufacturers of the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_the_United_States \"List of automobile manufacturers of the United States\")\n",
            "*   [List of Easter eggs in Tesla products](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Easter_eggs_in_Tesla_products \"List of Easter eggs in Tesla products\")\n",
            "*   [List of production battery electric vehicles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_production_battery_electric_vehicles \"List of production battery electric vehicles\")\n",
            "*   [Plug-in electric vehicles in California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug-in_electric_vehicles_in_California \"Plug-in electric vehicles in California\")\n",
            "*   [Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug-in_electric_vehicles_in_the_United_States \"Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Notes\n",
            "-----\n",
            "\n",
            "**Footnotes**\n",
            "\n",
            "1.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-6 \"Jump up\")** According to company representatives, both pronunciations are correct,[\\[5\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_note-5) though [Nikola Tesla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_Tesla \"Nikola Tesla\")'s surname is properly pronounced TESS-lə.\n",
            "\n",
            "References\n",
            "----------\n",
            "\n",
            "1.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-1 \"Jump up\")** Ewing, Jack (January 16, 2024). [\"Musk Demands Bigger Stake in Tesla as Price for A.I. Work\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/16/business/tesla-elon-musk-stock.html). _[New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times \"New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240229082500/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/16/business/tesla-elon-musk-stock.html) from the original on February 29, 2024. Retrieved March 6, 2024.\n",
            "2.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-10K_2023_2-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Annual report Form 10-K 2023 Tesla Inc\"](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000162828024002390/tsla-20231231.htm). January 29, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240129182309/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000162828024002390/tsla-20231231.htm) from the original on January 29, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.\n",
            "3.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Q4_2023_Shareholder_Deck_3-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Q4_2023_Shareholder_Deck_3-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Q4_2023_Shareholder_Deck_3-2) [\"Q4 2023 Shareholder Deck\"](https://digitalassets.tesla.com/tesla-contents/image/upload/IR/TSLA-Q4-2023-Update.pdf) (PDF). _Tesla, Inc_. January 24, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240124212923/https://digitalassets.tesla.com/tesla-contents/image/upload/IR/TSLA-Q4-2023-Update.pdf) (PDF) from the original on January 24, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2024.\n",
            "4.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Forbes_Musk_4-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk\"](https://www.forbes.com/profile/elon-musk/). _[Forbes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes \"Forbes\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20140210112624/http://www.forbes.com/profile/elon-musk/) from the original on February 10, 2014. Retrieved February 15, 2021.\n",
            "5.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-5 \"Jump up\")** [\"What's the correct way to pronounce 'Tesla'? We asked\"](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/whats-correct-way-pronounce-tesla-asked-181021888.html). Yahoo! Finance. July 13, 2017. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211006032013/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/whats-correct-way-pronounce-tesla-asked-181021888.html) from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.\n",
            "6.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-1miModel3_7-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-1miModel3_7-1) Shahan, Zachary (August 26, 2021). [\"Tesla Model 3 Has Passed 1 Million Sales\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2021/08/26/tesla-model-3-has-passed-1-million-sales/). CleanTechnica. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210904115030/https://cleantechnica.com/2021/08/26/tesla-model-3-has-passed-1-million-sales/) from the original on September 4, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.\n",
            "7.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-8 \"Jump up\")** Munoz, Juan Felipe (June 13, 2024). [\"These are the world's best-selling cars: The definitive rankings for 2023\"](https://uk.motor1.com/news/723192/worlds-best-selling-cars-2023/). _[Motor1.com](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorsport_Network#Motor1.com \"Motorsport Network\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240813092106/https://uk.motor1.com/news/723192/worlds-best-selling-cars-2023/) from the original on August 13, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024.\n",
            "8.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-9 \"Jump up\")** Shahan, Zachary (January 3, 2024). [\"Tesla Model Y Passes Tesla Model 3 As Best Selling EV In History\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2024/01/03/tesla-model-y-passes-tesla-model-3-as-best-selling-ev-in-history/). _CleanTechnica_. Retrieved September 24, 2024.\n",
            "9.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-10 \"Jump up\")** Schifrin, Matt; Murphy, Andrea (June 6, 2024). [\"The Global 2000 2023\"](https://www.forbes.com/lists/global2000/?sh=51d599675ac0). _Forbes_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240129031905/https://www.forbes.com/lists/global2000/?sh=4f5ab07e5ac0) from the original on January 29, 2024. Retrieved February 7, 2024.\n",
            "10.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVance2015152_11-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVance2015152_11-1) [Vance 2015](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#CITEREFVance2015), p. 152.\n",
            "11.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-12 \"Jump up\")** Kay, Grace. [\"Ousted Tesla cofounder Martin Eberhard sounds off on Elon Musk, how the company has changed, and the EV wars\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-cofounder-martin-eberhard-interview-history-elon-musk-ev-market-2023-2). _Business Insider_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230728202545/https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-cofounder-martin-eberhard-interview-history-elon-musk-ev-market-2023-2) from the original on July 28, 2023. Retrieved July 28, 2023.\n",
            "12.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-timelinefacts_13-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-timelinefacts_13-1) Reed, Eric (February 4, 2020). [\"History of Tesla: Timeline and Facts\"](https://www.thestreet.com/technology/history-of-tesla-15088992). _[TheStreet.com](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TheStreet.com \"TheStreet.com\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211220161321/https://www.thestreet.com/technology/history-of-tesla-15088992) from the original on December 20, 2021. Retrieved January 27, 2021.\n",
            "13.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-14 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla: A Carmaker With Silicon Valley Spark\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2007-07-29/tesla-a-carmaker-with-silicon-valley-spark). _Bloomberg.com_. July 30, 2007. Retrieved August 31, 2020.\n",
            "14.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVance2015154_15-0 \"Jump up\")** [Vance 2015](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#CITEREFVance2015), p. 154.\n",
            "15.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-TC_history_2014_16-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-TC_history_2014_16-1) Burns, Matt (October 8, 2014). [\"A Brief History of Tesla\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150717064829/https://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-tesla/#/slide2). _[TechCrunch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TechCrunch \"TechCrunch\")_. Archived from [the original](https://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-tesla/) on July 17, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2015. Tesla was founded not by Elon Musk, but rather by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning in July 2003. The two bootstrapped the fledgling auto company until [Elon Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk \"Elon Musk\") led the company's US$7.5 million Series A financing round in February 2004.\n",
            "16.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVance2015155_17-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVance2015155_17-1) [Vance 2015](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#CITEREFVance2015), p. 155.\n",
            "17.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-18 \"Jump up\")** LaMonica, Martin (September 21, 2009). [\"Tesla Motors founders: Now there are five\"](https://www.cnet.com/news/tesla-motors-founders-now-there-are-five/). [CNET](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNET \"CNET\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201115134134/https://www.cnet.com/news/tesla-motors-founders-now-there-are-five/) from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2016.\n",
            "18.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-19 \"Jump up\")** Mitchell, Russ (July 30, 2021). [\"Review: A deep new history of Tesla takes the shine off Elon Musk\"](https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/books/story/2021-07-30/power-play-tesla-book-review). _[Los Angeles Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210802080819/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/books/story/2021-07-30/power-play-tesla-book-review) from the original on August 2, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.\n",
            "19.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-MasterPlan_20-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-MasterPlan_20-1) Musk, Elon (August 2, 2006). [\"The Secret Tesla Motors Master Plan (just between you and me) No. 124\"](https://www.tesla.com/blog/secret-tesla-motors-master-plan-just-between-you-and-me). _tesla.com_. Tesla Motors. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20100802142703/http://www.teslamotors.com/blog/secret-tesla-motors-master-plan-just-between-you-and-me) from the original on August 2, 2010. \\[_[self-published source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources \"Wikipedia:Verifiability\")_\\]\n",
            "20.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-21 \"Jump up\")** Weinstock, Suzanne (January 5, 2013). [\"Venture-backed Tesla cuts costs\"](https://www.privateequityinternational.com/venture-backed-tesla-cuts-costs/). _Private Equity International_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210816094912/https://www.privateequityinternational.com/venture-backed-tesla-cuts-costs/) from the original on August 16, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.\n",
            "21.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GreenGiants_22-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GreenGiants_22-1) Williams, E. Freya (2015). _Green giants : how smart companies turn sustainability into billion-dollar businesses_. New York. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_/(identifier/) \"ISBN (identifier)\") [978-0-8144-3614-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8144-3614-1 \"Special:BookSources/978-0-8144-3614-1\").`{{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book \"Template:Cite book\")}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher \"Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher\"))\n",
            "22.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-23 \"Jump up\")** Kanellos, Michael (August 13, 2007). [\"Tesla CEO steps down as possible delays loom\"](https://www.cnet.com/news/tesla-ceo-steps-down-as-possible-delays-loom/). [CNET](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNET \"CNET\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821142628/https://www.cnet.com/news/tesla-ceo-steps-down-as-possible-delays-loom/) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "23.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-24 \"Jump up\")** [\"Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning | American entrepreneurs\"](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-Eberhard-and-Marc-Tarpenning). _[Encyclopædia Britannica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica \"Encyclopædia Britannica\")_. September 18, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190218075931/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-Eberhard-and-Marc-Tarpenning) from the original on February 18, 2019. Retrieved April 7, 2021.\n",
            "24.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-the-origin_25-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-the-origin_25-1) Baer, Drake (November 11, 2014). [\"The Making Of Tesla: Invention, Betrayal, And The Birth Of The Roadster\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-the-origin-story-2014-10). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180711152847/http://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-the-origin-story-2014-10) from the original on July 11, 2018. Retrieved October 3, 2018.\n",
            "25.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-26 \"Jump up\")** Squatriglia, Chuck (June 11, 2009). [\"Tesla's Founder Sues Tesla's CEO\"](https://www.wired.com/2009/06/eberhard/). _[Wired](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_/(magazine/) \"Wired (magazine)\")_.\n",
            "26.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-27 \"Jump up\")** [\"Case CIV484400; Martin Eberhard vs. Elon Musk\"](https://odyportal-ext.sanmateocourt.org/Portal-External/). _Superior Court of California, County of San Mateo_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240103174133/https://odyportal-ext.sanmateocourt.org/portal-external) from the original on January 3, 2024. Retrieved March 29, 2024.\n",
            "27.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-28 \"Jump up\")** Ramey, Jay (November 27, 2017). [\"The first Tesla Roadster: A look back at the early adopter's electric car\"](https://www.autoweek.com/news/green-cars/a1835876/first-tesla-roadster-look-back-early-adopters-electric-car/). _[Autoweek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoweek \"Autoweek\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210806001336/https://www.autoweek.com/news/green-cars/a1835876/first-tesla-roadster-look-back-early-adopters-electric-car/) from the original on August 6, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "28.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-29 \"Jump up\")** Gulker, Chris (September 28, 2010). [\"Menlo Park's only auto factory assembles $100,000 cars\"](https://inmenlo.com/2010/09/28/menlo-parks-only-auto-factory-assembles-100000-cars/). _InMenlo_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210802184111/https://inmenlo.com/2010/09/28/menlo-parks-only-auto-factory-assembles-100000-cars/) from the original on August 2, 2021. Retrieved August 13, 2023.\n",
            "29.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-30 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk's Life Story: Tesla CEO's Early Years, Career\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/the-rise-of-elon-musk-2016-7). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. June 28, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200323155539/https://www.businessinsider.com/the-rise-of-elon-musk-2016-7) from the original on March 23, 2020. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "30.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-31 \"Jump up\")** Riddell, Lindsay (June 24, 2009). [\"Tesla gets long-awaited government loan\"](http://www.bizjournals.com/pacific/stories/2009/06/22/daily33.html). _[American City Business Journals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_City_Business_Journals \"American City Business Journals\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160505192107/http://www.bizjournals.com/pacific/stories/2009/06/22/daily33.html) from the original on May 5, 2016.\n",
            "31.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-32 \"Jump up\")** Cole, Jay (May 22, 2013). [\"Tesla Repays Entire DoE Loan, Taxpayers Make $12 Million on the Deal\"](https://insideevs.com/news/317959/tesla-repays-entire-doe-loan-taxpayers-make-26-million-on-the-deal-updated/). _[InsideEVs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InsideEVs \"InsideEVs\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160506051437/http://insideevs.com/tesla-repays-entire-doe-loan-taxpayers-make-12-million-on-the-deal/) from the original on May 6, 2016.\n",
            "32.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-33 \"Jump up\")** Isidore, Chris (May 22, 2013). [\"Tesla repays federal loan nearly 10 years early\"](https://money.cnn.com/2013/05/22/autos/tesla-loan-repayment/index.html). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821193050/https://money.cnn.com/2013/05/22/autos/tesla-loan-repayment/index.html) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "33.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Future_34-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Future_34-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Future_34-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Future_34-3) Davis, Joshua (September 27, 2010). [\"How Elon Musk Turned Tesla into the Car Company of the Future\"](https://www.wired.com/2010/09/ff-tesla/). _[Wired](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_/(magazine/) \"Wired (magazine)\")_. Vol. 18, no. 10\\. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160624053602/http://www.wired.com/2010/09/ff_tesla/) from the original on June 24, 2016.\n",
            "34.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-35 \"Jump up\")** Andrejczak, Matt (June 28, 2010). [\"Tesla Motors revs up $244 million IPO\"](https://www.marketwatch.com/story/tesla-motors-revs-up-244-million-ipo-2010-06-28). _[MarketWatch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MarketWatch \"MarketWatch\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201217101107/https://www.marketwatch.com/story/tesla-motors-revs-up-244-million-ipo-2010-06-28) from the original on December 17, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.\n",
            "35.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-36 \"Jump up\")** Scholer, Kristen; Spears, Lee (June 29, 2010). [\"Tesla Posts Second-Biggest Rally for 2010 U.S. IPO\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-06-29/tesla-motors-raises-226-million-in-first-ipo-of-u-s-carmaker-in-54-years). Bloomberg L.P. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821142620/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-06-29/tesla-motors-raises-226-million-in-first-ipo-of-u-s-carmaker-in-54-years) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "36.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-37 \"Jump up\")** Squatriglia, Chuck (October 20, 2010). [\"Tesla's Got the Factory, Now It Needs to Fill It\"](https://www.wired.com/2010/10/teslas-got-the-factory-now-it-needs-to-fill-it/). _[Wired](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_/(magazine/) \"Wired (magazine)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200718011303/https://www.wired.com/2010/10/teslas-got-the-factory-now-it-needs-to-fill-it/) from the original on July 18, 2020. Retrieved December 18, 2020.\n",
            "37.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-38 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Motors begins delivering Model S electric cars in a Silicon Valley milestone\"](https://www.mercurynews.com/2012/06/22/tesla-motors-begins-delivering-model-s-electric-cars-in-a-silicon-valley-milestone-2/). _[The Mercury News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mercury_News \"The Mercury News\")_. June 22, 2012. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210103140724/https://www.mercurynews.com/2012/06/22/tesla-motors-begins-delivering-model-s-electric-cars-in-a-silicon-valley-milestone-2/) from the original on January 3, 2021. Retrieved September 9, 2020.\n",
            "38.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Award2013_39-0 \"Jump up\")** MacKenzie, Angus (December 10, 2012). [\"Model S Motor Trend Car of the Year Award 2013\"](https://www.motortrend.com/news/2013-motor-trend-car-of-the-year-tesla-model-s/). _[Motor Trend](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_Trend \"Motor Trend\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211004211420/https://www.motortrend.com/news/2013-motor-trend-car-of-the-year-tesla-model-s/) from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "39.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Voelcker_40-0 \"Jump up\")** Voelcker, John (October 1, 2013). [\"Tesla Model S Was Best-Selling Car in Norway For September\"](https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1087346_tesla-model-s-was-best-selling-car-in-norway-for-september). _Green Car Reports_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210926134226/https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1087346_tesla-model-s-was-best-selling-car-in-norway-for-september) from the original on September 26, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "40.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Top10PEVs2016_41-0 \"Jump up\")** Cobb, Jeff (January 26, 2017). [\"Tesla Model S Is World's Best-Selling Plug-in Car For Second Year in a Row\"](http://www.hybridcars.com/tesla-model-s-is-worlds-best-selling-plug-in-car-for-second-year-in-a-row/). _HybridCars.com_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170126165815/http://www.hybridcars.com/tesla-model-s-is-worlds-best-selling-plug-in-car-for-second-year-in-a-row/) from the original on January 26, 2017. Retrieved January 31, 2017.\n",
            "41.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-42 \"Jump up\")** T[esla Motors Joins NASDAQ-100 index beginning July 15, 2013](https://www.nasdaq.com/about/press-center/tesla-motors-inc-join-nasdaq-100-index-beginning-july-15-2013)\n",
            "42.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-43 \"Jump up\")** Maanyu, K. Nived; Raj, D Goutham; Krishna, R Vamsi; Choubey, Shruthi Bhargava (May 2020). [\"A Study on Tesla Autopilot\"](https://www.ijspr.com/citations/v71n1/IJSPR_7101_30573.pdf) (PDF). [Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sreenidhi_Institute_of_Science_and_Technology \"Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210626141413/https://www.ijspr.com/citations/v71n1/IJSPR_7101_30573.pdf) (PDF) from the original on June 26, 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2021.\n",
            "43.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-44 \"Jump up\")** Berzon, Alexandra; Sweet, Cassandra (May 1, 2015). [\"Tesla CEO Elon Musk Unveils Line of Home and Industrial Battery Packs\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-ceo-elon-musk-unveils-line-of-home-and-industrial-battery-packs-1430461622). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170121024723/http://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-ceo-elon-musk-unveils-line-of-home-and-industrial-battery-packs-1430461622) from the original on January 21, 2017. Retrieved March 11, 2017.\n",
            "44.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-45 \"Jump up\")** Randall, Tom (May 8, 2015). [\"Tesla's Battery Grabbed $800 Million in Its First Week\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-05-08/tesla-s-battery-grabbed-800-million-in-its-first-week). Bloomberg L.P. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180612160406/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-05-08/tesla-s-battery-grabbed-800-million-in-its-first-week) from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved March 11, 2017.\n",
            "45.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-46 \"Jump up\")** Logan, Bryan (September 29, 2015). [\"Here's Tesla's first SUV, the all-electric Model X\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/here-comes-the-tesla-model-x-launch-2015-9). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190207094433/https://www.businessinsider.com/here-comes-the-tesla-model-x-launch-2015-9) from the original on February 7, 2019. Retrieved September 9, 2020.\n",
            "46.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-47 \"Jump up\")** Valdes-Dapena, Peter (September 29, 2015). [\"Tesla has delivered the first Model X SUVs\"](https://money.cnn.com/2015/09/29/autos/tesla-model-x/). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821142620/https://money.cnn.com/2015/09/29/autos/tesla-model-x/) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "47.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-48 \"Jump up\")** Hawkins, Andrew J. (November 21, 2016). [\"Tesla completes its $2.6 billion acquisition of SolarCity\"](https://www.theverge.com/2016/11/21/13698314/tesla-completes-acquisition-solarcity-elon-musk). _[The Verge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Verge \"The Verge\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210521112009/https://www.theverge.com/2016/11/21/13698314/tesla-completes-acquisition-solarcity-elon-musk) from the original on May 21, 2021. Retrieved September 14, 2020.\n",
            "48.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-49 \"Jump up\")** Hamilton, Isobel Asher (July 30, 2021). [\"Elon Musk is defending Tesla's acquisition of SolarCity against angry shareholders. This is the story of how it was transformed into Tesla Energy\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/solarcity-tesla-energy-beleaguered-history-elon-musk-2021-7). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210724010854/https://www.businessinsider.com/solarcity-tesla-energy-beleaguered-history-elon-musk-2021-7) from the original on July 24, 2021. Retrieved July 24, 2021.\n",
            "49.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-solarsue_50-0 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (October 28, 2019). [\"Tesla's Elon Musk knew SolarCity faced a 'liquidity crisis' at time of 2016 deal, legal documents show\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200815214348/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/28/musk-deposition-stockholders-v-tesla-solarcity.html). [CNBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNBC \"CNBC\"). Archived from [the original](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/28/musk-deposition-stockholders-v-tesla-solarcity.html) on August 15, 2020.\n",
            "50.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-51 \"Jump up\")** Ferris, Robert (February 1, 2017). [\"Tesla is following in the footsteps of Apple and is changing its name\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/elon-musk-s-tesla-motors-changing-its-name-n715476). [CNBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNBC \"CNBC\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210115160623/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/elon-musk-s-tesla-motors-changing-its-name-n715476) from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2021.\n",
            "51.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Hull_2016_52-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Hull_2016_52-1) Hull, Dana (April 7, 2016). [\"Tesla Says It Received More Than 325,000 Model 3 Reservations\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-04-07/tesla-says-model-3-pre-orders-surge-to-325-000-in-first-week). [Bloomberg L.P.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P. \"Bloomberg L.P.\") [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160407192859/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-04-07/tesla-says-model-3-pre-orders-surge-to-325-000-in-first-week) from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2016.\n",
            "52.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-King_2018_53-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-King_2018_53-1) [King, Gayle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayle_King \"Gayle King\") (April 13, 2018). [\"Tesla CEO Elon Musk, stressed but \"optimistic,\" predicts big increase in Model 3 production\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/elon-musk-tesla-model-3-problems-interview-today-2018-04-13/). _[CBS News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS_News \"CBS News\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230727004533/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/elon-musk-tesla-model-3-problems-interview-today-2018-04-13/) from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2023.\n",
            "53.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-54 \"Jump up\")** Isidore, Chris. [\"Tesla will start working 24/7 to crank out Model 3s\"](https://money.cnn.com/2018/04/18/news/companies/elon-musk-tesla-model-3-production/index.html). _CNNMoney_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180418204050/http://money.cnn.com/2018/04/18/news/companies/elon-musk-tesla-model-3-production/index.html) from the original on April 18, 2018. Retrieved April 18, 2018.\n",
            "54.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-55 \"Jump up\")** Boudette, Neal E. (April 3, 2018). [\"For Tesla, 'Production Hell' Looks Like the Reality of the Car Business\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/03/business/tesla-model-3.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230602065302/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/03/business/tesla-model-3.html) from the original on June 2, 2023. Retrieved June 2, 2023.\n",
            "55.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-56 \"Jump up\")** Randall, Tom (April 3, 2018). [\"Tesla's Model 3 Is Now America's Best-Selling Electric Car\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-03/tesla-s-model-3-is-the-best-selling-electric-car-in-the-u-s). _Bloomberg Hyperdrive_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231116211737/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-03/tesla-s-model-3-is-the-best-selling-electric-car-in-the-u-s) from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved June 2, 2023.\n",
            "56.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-57 \"Jump up\")** O'Kane, Sean (February 22, 2019). [\"Tesla's Model 3 was the best-selling EV in the world last year\"](https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/22/18236707/tesla-model-3-2018-best-selling-ev-global). _[The Verge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Verge \"The Verge\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20191019133330/https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/22/18236707/tesla-model-3-2018-best-selling-ev-global) from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved February 1, 2021.\n",
            "57.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-58 \"Jump up\")** Dickey, Megan Rose (August 8, 2018). [\"Elon Musk tweets he's thinking about taking Tesla private\"](https://techcrunch.com/2018/08/07/elon-musk-tesla-private-tweet/). _[TechCrunch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TechCrunch \"TechCrunch\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210801101246/https://techcrunch.com/2018/08/07/elon-musk-tesla-private-tweet/) from the original on August 1, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "58.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-59 \"Jump up\")** Huddleston, Tom Jr. (August 8, 2018). [\"Elon Musk says he wants to take Tesla private at over $70 billion – here's what that means\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/08/elon-musk-wants-to-take-tesla-private--heres-what-it-means.html). [CNBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNBC \"CNBC\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821183045/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/08/elon-musk-wants-to-take-tesla-private--heres-what-it-means.html) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "59.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-60 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (July 22, 2020). [\"Tesla reports fourth straight quarter of profits\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/07/22/tesla-tsla-earnings-q2-2020.html). CNBC. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210128195702/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/07/22/tesla-tsla-earnings-q2-2020.html) from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2020.\n",
            "60.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-61 \"Jump up\")** Vlastelica, Ryan (January 6, 2021). [\"Tesla Eyes Another Milestone as Valuation Nears Facebook's\"](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/tesla-eyes-another-milestone-valuation-170917947.html). Yahoo! Finance. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210107034326/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/tesla-eyes-another-milestone-valuation-170917947.html) from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.\n",
            "61.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-62 \"Jump up\")** Wayland, Michael; Kolodny, Lora (December 14, 2020). [\"Tesla's market cap tops the 9 largest automakers combined – Experts disagree about if that can last\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/14/tesla-valuation-more-than-nine-largest-carmakers-combined-why.html). CNBC. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210811165742/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/14/tesla-valuation-more-than-nine-largest-carmakers-combined-why.html) from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.\n",
            "62.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-63 \"Jump up\")** Root, Al (December 7, 2020). [\"Tesla Becomes Only the Sixth Company to Top $600 Billion in Value\"](https://www.barrons.com/articles/tesla-becomes-only-the-sixth-company-to-top-600-billion-in-value-51607377650). _Barron's_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240330002814/https://www.barrons.com/articles/tesla-becomes-only-the-sixth-company-to-top-600-billion-in-value-51607377650) from the original on March 30, 2024. Retrieved March 29, 2024.\n",
            "63.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GuardianSP500_64-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GuardianSP500_64-1) Davies, Rob (December 21, 2020). [\"Tesla joins Wall Street's S&P 500 share index\"](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/dec/21/tesla-joins-wall-streets-sp-500-share-index). _The Guardian_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210111211551/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/dec/21/tesla-joins-wall-streets-sp-500-share-index) from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved December 22, 2020.\n",
            "64.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-65 \"Jump up\")** Bursztynsky, Jessica (January 8, 2021). [\"Tesla closes day as fifth most valuable U.S. company, passing Facebook\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/07/tesla-passes-facebook-to-become-fifth-most-valuable-us-company.html). CNBC. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210225193446/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/07/tesla-passes-facebook-to-become-fifth-most-valuable-us-company.html) from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved March 31, 2021.\n",
            "65.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-electrek-2019-03-14_66-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-electrek-2019-03-14_66-1) Lambert, Fred (March 15, 2019). [\"Tesla unveils Model Y electric SUV with 300 miles range and 7-seats\"](https://electrek.co/2019/03/14/tesla-model-y-electric-suv-unveil/). _[Electrek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrek \"Electrek\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190315055454/https://electrek.co/2019/03/14/tesla-model-y-electric-suv-unveil/) from the original on March 15, 2019. Retrieved March 15, 2019.\n",
            "66.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:3_67-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:3_67-1) Lambert, Fred (April 8, 2020). [\"Tesla Model Y teardown: shows some great improvements over Model 3 despite sharing 75% of parts\"](https://electrek.co/2020/04/08/tesla-model-y-teardown-improvements-over-model-3-sharing-parts/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210205060739/https://electrek.co/2020/04/08/tesla-model-y-teardown-improvements-over-model-3-sharing-parts/) from the original on February 5, 2021. Retrieved October 28, 2020.\n",
            "67.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Dow_2020_68-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Dow_2020_68-1) Dow, Jameson (March 13, 2020). [\"Tesla Model Y specs: we finally know how big it is\"](https://electrek.co/2020/03/13/tesla-model-y-specs-we-finally-know-how-big-it-is/). _electrek.co_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201022020842/https://electrek.co/2020/03/13/tesla-model-y-specs-we-finally-know-how-big-it-is/) from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2020.\n",
            "68.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-69 \"Jump up\")** Ohnsman, Alan (January 7, 2019). [\"Elon Musk Accelerates Tesla's China Strategy With Shanghai Gigafactory Groundbreaking\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2019/01/07/elon-musk-accelerates-teslas-china-strategy-with-shanghai-gigafactory-groundbreaking/). _Forbes_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230820195138/https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2019/01/07/elon-musk-accelerates-teslas-china-strategy-with-shanghai-gigafactory-groundbreaking/) from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.\n",
            "69.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-70 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla delivers its first 'Made in China' cars\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50921729). _BBC News_. December 30, 2019. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230820195139/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50921729) from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.\n",
            "70.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-71 \"Jump up\")** [\"German court says Tesla can clear trees to build car factory\"](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/feb/21/german-court-tesla-can-clear-trees-car-factory). _The Guardian_. February 21, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200702041145/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/feb/21/german-court-tesla-can-clear-trees-car-factory) from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2020.\n",
            "71.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-dw.com_72-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla opens Giga Berlin factory in Germany\"](https://www.dw.com/en/tesla-opens-giga-berlin-factory-in-germany/av-61210668). Deutsche Welle. March 22, 2022. Retrieved March 22, 2022.\n",
            "72.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Lambert_2020-07-25_73-0 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (July 25, 2020). [\"Watch Tesla start construction work at Gigafactory Texas in drone video\"](https://electrek.co/2020/07/25/tesla-starts-construction-gigafactory-texas-drone-video/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210309232909/https://electrek.co/2020/07/25/tesla-starts-construction-gigafactory-texas-drone-video/) from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2020.\n",
            "73.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-auto1_74-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-auto1_74-1) Carlson, Kara (April 7, 2022). [\"Inside Elon's big, weird Austin party: Music, robots – and even a petting zoo\"](https://www.statesman.com/story/business/2022/04/07/tesla-fans-show-up-cyber-rodeo-celebration-austin/9504356002/). Austin American-Statesman. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220409035616/https://www.statesman.com/story/business/2022/04/07/tesla-fans-show-up-cyber-rodeo-celebration-austin/9504356002/) from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved April 9, 2022.\n",
            "74.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-75 \"Jump up\")** Hawkins, Andrew J. (November 30, 2023). [\"Tesla Cybertruck delivery event: Elon Musk hands over the first trucks to customers\"](https://www.theverge.com/2023/11/30/23980053/tesla-cybertruck-delivery-event-elon-musk-live). _The Verge_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240203163415/https://www.theverge.com/2023/11/30/23980053/tesla-cybertruck-delivery-event-elon-musk-live) from the original on February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 3, 2024.\n",
            "75.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-76 \"Jump up\")** Shakir, Umar (March 1, 2023). [\"Tesla confirms its next Gigafactory will be in Mexico\"](https://www.theverge.com/2023/3/1/23571725/tesla-gigafactory-monterrey-mexico-announce-investor-day). _The Verge_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230303013849/https://www.theverge.com/2023/3/1/23571725/tesla-gigafactory-monterrey-mexico-announce-investor-day) from the original on March 3, 2023. Retrieved March 3, 2023.\n",
            "76.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-77 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla shuts down Fremont plant after mounting criticism\"](https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/tesla-fremont-factory-shut-musk-coronavirus-covid19-pandemic/). _CNET_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240202234830/https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/tesla-fremont-factory-shut-musk-coronavirus-covid19-pandemic/) from the original on February 2, 2024. Retrieved February 2, 2024.\n",
            "77.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-78 \"Jump up\")** Wong, Julia Carrie (May 11, 2020). [\"Elon Musk reopens California Tesla factory in defiance of lockdown order\"](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/may/11/tesla-factory-reopening-elon-musk-california-lockdown). _The Guardian_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0261-3077](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240202234830/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/may/11/tesla-factory-reopening-elon-musk-california-lockdown) from the original on February 2, 2024. Retrieved February 2, 2024.\n",
            "78.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-79 \"Jump up\")** Sandler, Rachel (May 20, 2020). [\"Tesla Drops Lawsuit Against Alameda County Over Factory Reopening\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2020/05/20/tesla-drops-lawsuit-against-alameda-county-over-factory-reopening/). _Forbes_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240202234830/https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2020/05/20/tesla-drops-lawsuit-against-alameda-county-over-factory-reopening/) from the original on February 2, 2024. Retrieved February 2, 2024.\n",
            "79.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-80 \"Jump up\")** Hull, Dana (December 1, 2021). [\"Tesla Makes It Official, Marking Headquarters Move to Texas\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-01/tesla-makes-it-official-completing-headquarters-move-to-texas). Bloomberg L.P. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211201221909/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-01/tesla-makes-it-official-completing-headquarters-move-to-texas) from the original on December 1, 2021. Retrieved December 2, 2021.\n",
            "80.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Castillo-2021_81-0 \"Jump up\")** Amanda del Castillo (October 7, 2021). [\"Elon Musk says Tesla will move Palo Alto headquarters to Austin\"](https://abc7news.com/11096209/). _ABC7 San Francisco_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211007230244/https://abc7news.com/11096209/) from the original on October 7, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2021.\n",
            "81.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-82 \"Jump up\")** Alamalhodaei, Aria (September 23, 2021). [\"Tesla's battery-manufacturing 'Megafactory' breaks ground in California\"](https://techcrunch.com/2021/09/23/teslas-battery-manufacturing-megafactory-breaks-ground-in-california/). _TechCrunch_. Retrieved October 22, 2021.\n",
            "82.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-83 \"Jump up\")** Hull, Dana; Breslau, Karen (February 23, 2023). [\"Newsom, Musk dedicate former HP headquarters in Palo Alto to Tesla engineers\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/story/2023-02-22/tesla-to-open-engineering-headquarters-in-palo-alto-california). _Los Angeles Times_. Bloomberg. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230226064644/https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/story/2023-02-22/tesla-to-open-engineering-headquarters-in-palo-alto-california) from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.\n",
            "83.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-bb20210208_84-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-bb20210208_84-1) [\"Tesla Bets on Bitcoin in Blue-Chip Boost to Cryptocurrency\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-08/tesla-bets-1-5-billion-on-bitcoin-in-new-policy-crypto-surges). Bloomberg L.P. February 8, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "84.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-85 \"Jump up\")** Porter, Jon (March 24, 2021). [\"You can now buy a Tesla with bitcoin in the US\"](https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/24/22347905/tesla-bitcoin-payment-us-cryptocurrency-elon-musk). _The Verge_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210514052408/https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/24/22347905/tesla-bitcoin-payment-us-cryptocurrency-elon-musk) from the original on May 14, 2021. Retrieved May 14, 2021.\n",
            "85.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-86 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla will no longer accept Bitcoin over climate concerns, says Musk\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/business-57096305). _[BBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_News \"BBC News\")_. May 13, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220531102821/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-57096305) from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 13, 2021.\n",
            "86.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-87 \"Jump up\")** Iyengar, Rish (May 13, 2021). [\"Bitcoin drops around 12% after Elon Musk tweets that Tesla will not accept it as payment\"](https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/12/tech/elon-musk-tesla-bitcoin/index.html). CNN. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210513025226/https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/12/tech/elon-musk-tesla-bitcoin/index.html) from the original on May 13, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2021.\n",
            "87.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-88 \"Jump up\")** Newburger, Emma (June 13, 2021). [\"Musk says Tesla will accept bitcoin again as crypto miners use more clean energy\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/13/musk-tesla-will-accept-bitcoin-when-miners-use-clean-energy.html). _CNBC_. Retrieved July 24, 2024.\n",
            "88.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-89 \"Jump up\")** Wright, Turner (September 14, 2023). [\"Bitcoin clean energy usage reportedly exceeds 50% — Will Tesla start accepting BTC payments?\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20240420040221/https://cointelegraph.com/news/bitcoin-clean-energy-usage-exceeds-50-percent-tesla-accepting-btc-payments). _CoinTelegraph_. Archived from [the original](https://cointelegraph.com/news/bitcoin-clean-energy-usage-exceeds-50-percent-tesla-accepting-btc-payments) on April 20, 2024. Retrieved July 24, 2024.\n",
            "89.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-90 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk's Tesla sells most of its Bitcoin holdings\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/business-62246367). _BBC News_. July 21, 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220721002059/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-62246367) from the original on July 21, 2022. Retrieved July 21, 2022.\n",
            "90.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:12_91-0 \"Jump up\")** Marshall, Aarian (February 13, 2024). [\"Tesla Wins EV Charging! Now What?\"](https://www.wired.com/story/tesla-wins-ev-charging-now-what/). _Wired_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [1059-1028](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240403143405/https://www.wired.com/story/tesla-wins-ev-charging-now-what/) from the original on April 3, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024.\n",
            "91.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-92 \"Jump up\")** Dow, Jameson (April 15, 2024). [\"Tesla lays off 'more than 10%' of its global workforce\"](https://electrek.co/2024/04/15/tesla-lays-off-more-than-10-of-its-global-workforce/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240415140553/https://electrek.co/2024/04/15/tesla-lays-off-more-than-10-of-its-global-workforce/) from the original on April 15, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024.\n",
            "92.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-93 \"Jump up\")** [\"Your Evening Briefing: Elon Musk Officially Shifts Tesla's Incorporation to Texas After Vote\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2024-06-14/bloomberg-evening-briefing-elon-musk-moves-tesla-incorporation-to-texas). _Bloomberg.com_. June 14, 2024. Retrieved September 24, 2024.\n",
            "93.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-cnbc20150903_94-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Signature series Model X to begin delivery September 29\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2015/09/03/tesla-signature-series-model-x-to-begin-delivery-september-29.html). CNBC. [Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\"). September 3, 2015. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20191009130801/https://www.cnbc.com/2015/09/03/tesla-signature-series-model-x-to-begin-delivery-september-29.html) from the original on October 9, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2015.\n",
            "94.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Tesla4Q2016final_95-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Fourth Quarter & Full Year 2016 Update\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170223212145/http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/ABEA-4CW8X0/3853068125x0x929284/22C29259-6C19-41AC-9CAB-899D148F323D/TSLA_Update_Letter_2016_4Q.pdf) (PDF). _Tesla Inc_. Palo Alto. February 22, 2017. Archived from [the original](http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/ABEA-4CW8X0/3853068125x0x929284/22C29259-6C19-41AC-9CAB-899D148F323D/TSLA_Update_Letter_2016_4Q.pdf) (PDF) on February 23, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2017. _Production totaled 24,882 vehicles in 4Q 2016 and vehicle deliveries totaled 22,252 units. No breakdown by model was provided._\n",
            "95.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Top20Global2020_96-0 \"Jump up\")** Jose, Pontes (February 2, 2021). [\"Global Top 20 – December 2020\"](http://ev-sales.blogspot.com/2021/02/global-top-20-december-2020.html). EVSales.com. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210202225647/http://ev-sales.blogspot.com/2021/02/global-top-20-december-2020.html) from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved February 3, 2021. \"Global sales totaled 3,124,793 plug-in passenger cars in 2020, with a BEV to PHEV ratio of 69:31, and a global market share of 4%. The world's top selling plug-in car was the Tesla Model 3 with 365,240 units delivered, and Tesla was the top selling manufacturer of plug-in passenger cars in 2019 with 499,535 units, followed by VW with 220,220.\"\n",
            "96.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-97 \"Jump up\")** O'Kane, Sean (February 22, 2019). [\"Tesla's Model 3 was the best-selling EV in the world last year\"](https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/22/18236707/tesla-model-3-2018-best-selling-ev-global). _The Verge_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20191019133330/https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/22/18236707/tesla-model-3-2018-best-selling-ev-global) from the original on October 19, 2019. Retrieved February 1, 2021.\n",
            "97.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GlobalTopEVs2021_98-0 \"Jump up\")** Jose, Pontes (January 30, 2022). [\"World EV Sales – Tesla Model 3 Wins 4th Consecutive Best Seller Title in Record Year\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2022/01/30/world-ev-sales-tesla-model-3-wins-4th-consecutive-best-seller-title-in-record-year/). CleanTechnica. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220206013050/https://cleantechnica.com/2022/01/30/world-ev-sales-tesla-model-3-wins-4th-consecutive-best-seller-title-in-record-year/) from the original on February 6, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022. \"The top 3 global best selling plug-in electric cars in 2021 were the Tesla Model 3 (500,713), the Wuling Hongguang Mini EV (424,138), and the Tesla Model Y (410,517)\"\n",
            "98.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-99 \"Jump up\")** Munoz, Juan Felipe (May 25, 2023). [\"Tesla Model Y Was The World's Best-Selling Car In Q1 2023\"](https://www.motor1.com/news/669135/tesla-model-y-worlds-best-selling-car-q1-2023/). _Motor1_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230525191111/https://www.motor1.com/news/669135/tesla-model-y-worlds-best-selling-car-q1-2023/) from the original on May 25, 2023. Retrieved May 26, 2023.\n",
            "99.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-yahooNews20221205_100-0 \"Jump up\")** Subramanian, Pras (December 2, 2022). [\"Tesla Semi unveiled with tri-motor setup, megawatt charging tech\"](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/tesla-semi-unveiled-with-tri-motor-setup-megawatt-charging-tech-121619247.html). Yahoo! Finance. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221204233255/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/tesla-semi-unveiled-with-tri-motor-setup-megawatt-charging-tech-121619247.html) from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.\n",
            "100.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-engadget20221202_101-0 \"Jump up\")** Tarantola, A. (December 1, 2022). [\"Tesla finally delivers its first production Semi\"](https://www.engadget.com/tesla-finally-delivers-its-first-production-semi-to-pepsi-014214184.html). _Engadget_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230131081212/https://www.engadget.com/tesla-finally-delivers-its-first-production-semi-to-pepsi-014214184.html) from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved December 2, 2022.\n",
            "101.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-102 \"Jump up\")** Greenhalgh, Keiron (April 25, 2024). [\"Tesla Promises Semi Truck Production to Begin in Late 2025\"](https://www.ttnews.com/articles/tesla-semi-truck-2025). _Transport Topics_. Retrieved May 1, 2024.\n",
            "102.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-103 \"Jump up\")** [\"Shattered glass: Futuristic design questioned after Tesla Cybertruck launch\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-truck-windows-idUSKBN1XW1CU). _Reuters_. November 22, 2019. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200808120546/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-truck-windows-idUSKBN1XW1CU) from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved May 13, 2020.\n",
            "103.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-104 \"Jump up\")** Ricker, Thomas (November 22, 2019). [\"Elon Musk's Cybertruck is here, and so are the jokes\"](https://www.theverge.com/2019/11/22/20975725/love-hate-telsa-cybertruck-design). _The Verge_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201111224641/https://www.theverge.com/2019/11/22/20975725/love-hate-telsa-cybertruck-design) from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved May 13, 2020.\n",
            "104.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-105 \"Jump up\")** McFarland, Matt (November 22, 2019). [\"Tesla's Cybertruck has become the butt of every internet joke\"](https://www.cnn.com/2019/11/22/tech/cybertruck-tesla-pickup-truck-jokes/index.html). CNN. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201112023715/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/11/22/tech/cybertruck-tesla-pickup-truck-jokes/index.html) from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved May 13, 2020.\n",
            "105.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-106 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Roadster is back: 0–60 in 1.9 seconds, 620-mile range\"](https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1113862_tesla-roadster-is-back-0-60-in-1-9-seconds-620-mile-range). _Green Car Reports_. November 17, 2017. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201001075817/https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1113862_tesla-roadster-is-back-0-60-in-1-9-seconds-620-mile-range) from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved April 8, 2020.\n",
            "106.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Gibbs_107-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Gibbs_107-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Gibbs_107-2) Gibbs, Samuel (November 17, 2017). [\"Tesla Roadster: nine things we know about the 'smackdown to gasoline cars'\"](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/nov/17/tesla-roadster-electric-supercar-elon-musk-fast). _The Guardian_. UK. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20171117132834/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/nov/17/tesla-roadster-electric-supercar-elon-musk-fast) from the original on November 17, 2017. Retrieved June 23, 2018.\n",
            "107.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Lassa_2024_108-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Lassa_2024_108-1) Lassa, Todd (July 24, 2024). [\"Tesla Still Talking Up Roadster, a Cheaper Model, and Robotaxis\"](https://www.autoweek.com/news/a61687963/tesla-robotaxi-coming-roadster-entry-model/). _[Autoweek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoweek \"Autoweek\")_. Retrieved July 25, 2024.\n",
            "108.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-forbes20230107_109-0 \"Jump up\")** Morris, James (January 7, 2023). [\"Tesla Next Generation Platform: Everything We Know So Far\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesmorris/2023/01/07/tesla-next-generation-platform-everything-we-know-so-far/?sh=5470a0d827aa). _[Forbes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes \"Forbes\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230313230415/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesmorris/2023/01/07/tesla-next-generation-platform-everything-we-know-so-far/?sh=5470a0d827aa) from the original on March 13, 2023. Retrieved March 13, 2023.\n",
            "109.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Sales0611_110-0 \"Jump up\")** Woodyard, Chris (August 3, 2011). [\"Tesla boasts about electric car deliveries, plans for sedan\"](http://content.usatoday.com/communities/driveon/post/2011/08/tesla-boasts-about-electric-car-deliveries-plans-for-sedan/1). _[USA Today](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Today \"USA Today\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20140309053119/http://content.usatoday.com/communities/driveon/post/2011/08/tesla-boasts-about-electric-car-deliveries-plans-for-sedan/1) from the original on March 9, 2014. Retrieved October 4, 2011.\n",
            "110.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-111 \"Jump up\")** [\"Supply Agreement for Products and Services – Lotus Cars Limited\"](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000119312510017054/dex1023.htm). _sec.gov_. July 11, 2005. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210108100543/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000119312510017054/dex1023.htm) from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved February 2, 2020.\n",
            "111.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-electrek_connectivity_2019_112-0 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (December 7, 2019). [\"Tesla starts charging $10 a month for its 'premium connectivity' features\"](https://electrek.co/2019/12/07/tesla-starts-chargin-month-premium-connectivity-features/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210202143553/https://electrek.co/2019/12/07/tesla-starts-chargin-month-premium-connectivity-features/) from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2021.\n",
            "112.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-113 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Service Struggles To Keep Up With Sales Volume\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2019/03/21/tesla-service-struggles-to-keep-up-with-sales-volume/). _CleanTechnica_. March 21, 2019. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201112032817/https://cleantechnica.com/2019/03/21/tesla-service-struggles-to-keep-up-with-sales-volume/) from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n",
            "113.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-114 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Mobile Service\"](https://electrek.co/guides/tesla-mobile-service/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210122154032/https://electrek.co/guides/tesla-mobile-service/) from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n",
            "114.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Yarrow_2014_115-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Yarrow_2014_115-1) Yarow, Jay (March 12, 2014). [\"Watch Elon Musk Make An Emotional Speech About How Auto Dealers Are 'Perverting Democracy' To Destroy Tesla And Hurt Customers\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-on-teslas-auto-dealer-model-2014-3). _Business Insider_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210721174226/https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-on-teslas-auto-dealer-model-2014-3) from the original on July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2021.\n",
            "115.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Dent-2019_116-0 \"Jump up\")** Dent, Steve (March 22, 2019). [\"Tesla drops annual servicing for 'as needed' repair model\"](https://www.engadget.com/2019/03/22/tesla-annual-servicing-now-as-needed/). _Engadget_. US. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201108013009/https://www.engadget.com/2019-03-22-tesla-annual-servicing-now-as-needed.html) from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved August 18, 2019.\n",
            "116.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-117 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (August 2, 2022). [\"Tesla enables paid charging at Destination Chargers, but there's a catch\"](https://electrek.co/2022/08/02/tesla-enables-paid-charging-destination-chargers-catch/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220804033551/https://electrek.co/2022/08/02/tesla-enables-paid-charging-destination-chargers-catch/) from the original on August 4, 2022. Retrieved August 4, 2022.\n",
            "117.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-118 \"Jump up\")** Laing, Keith (September 7, 2023). [\"Tesla to Supply Hilton Hotels With 20,000 EV Chargers by 2025\"](https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/tesla-to-supply-hilton-hotels-with-20-000-ev-chargers-by-2025-1.1968375). _Bloomberg News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231005181456/https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/tesla-to-supply-hilton-hotels-with-20-000-ev-chargers-by-2025-1.1968375) from the original on October 5, 2023. Retrieved October 5, 2023.\n",
            "118.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Glon-2017_119-0 \"Jump up\")** Glon, Ronan (June 4, 2017). [\"AAA raising insurance rates for Tesla owners\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170606123925/http://www.leftlanenews.com/aaa-raising-insurance-costs-for-tesla-owners-96345.html). Left Lane News. Archived from [the original](http://www.leftlanenews.com/aaa-raising-insurance-costs-for-tesla-owners-96345.html) on June 6, 2017. Retrieved June 7, 2017.\n",
            "119.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-reuters1_120-0 \"Jump up\")** Barlyn, Suzanne; Mathias, Tamara (August 28, 2019). [\"Tesla rolls out insurance in California\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-markel-insurance/tesla-rolls-out-insurance-in-california-idUSKCN1VI2QZ). _Reuters_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234740/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-markel-insurance/tesla-rolls-out-insurance-in-california-idUSKCN1VI2QZ) from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved November 29, 2020.\n",
            "120.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Tesla_Insurance_Support_121-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Tesla_Insurance_Support_121-1) [\"Tesla Insurance Support\"](https://www.tesla.com/support/insurance). _Tesla, Inc_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230818053623/https://www.tesla.com/support/insurance) from the original on August 18, 2023. Retrieved August 18, 2023.\n",
            "121.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Sully-2020_122-0 \"Jump up\")** Sully, Evan (October 21, 2020). [\"Experts say Tesla's unique data-tracking abilities give it an advantage as Elon Musk looks to build a 'major insurance company' for Tesla owners\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-vehicle-data-advantage-car-insurance-ambitions-elon-musk-analysts-2020-10). _Business Insider_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201201201859/https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-vehicle-data-advantage-car-insurance-ambitions-elon-musk-analysts-2020-10) from the original on December 1, 2020. Retrieved November 29, 2020.\n",
            "122.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-123 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla expands its own insurance based on real-time driver data to two more states – now in 10 states\"](https://electrek.co/2022/07/26/tesla-expands-insurance-based-on-real-time-driver-data-two-more-states/). _electrek.co_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220727033341/https://electrek.co/2022/07/26/tesla-expands-insurance-based-on-real-time-driver-data-two-more-states/) from the original on July 27, 2022. Retrieved January 2, 2022.\n",
            "123.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Desjardins_2018_124-0 \"Jump up\")** Desjardins, Jeff (April 28, 2018). [\"Here's what the future of Tesla could look like\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/heres-what-the-future-of-tesla-could-look-like-2018-4). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180501203935/https://www.businessinsider.com/heres-what-the-future-of-tesla-could-look-like-2018-4) from the original on May 1, 2018. Retrieved January 22, 2020.\n",
            "124.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-125 \"Jump up\")** Weber, Harri (January 24, 2024). [\"Tesla's solar installs drop, but battery business is booming\"](https://techcrunch.com/2024/01/24/teslas-solar-installs-drop-but-battery-business-is-booming/). _TechCrunch_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240203160053/https://techcrunch.com/2024/01/24/teslas-solar-installs-drop-but-battery-business-is-booming/) from the original on February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 3, 2024.\n",
            "125.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Hanley_2016_126-0 \"Jump up\")** Hanley, Steve (August 12, 2016). [\"Elon Musk & SolarCity CTO Peter Rive Announce 'Solar Roof' (Not 'Solar on the Roof')\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2016/08/12/elon-musk-solarcity-cto-peter-rive-announce-solar-roof-not-solar-roof/). _CleanTechnica_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210512174107/https://cleantechnica.com/2016/08/12/elon-musk-solarcity-cto-peter-rive-announce-solar-roof-not-solar-roof/) from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.\n",
            "126.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Solar_Reviews_2021_127-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Complete review of Tesla solar panels: are they worth it?\"](https://www.solarreviews.com/blog/are-tesla-solar-panels-worth-it). _Solar Reviews_. May 9, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210512150310/https://www.solarreviews.com/blog/are-tesla-solar-panels-worth-it) from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.\n",
            "127.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Debord_20152_128-0 \"Jump up\")** Debord, Matthew (May 1, 2015). [\"Elon Musk's big announcement: it's called 'Tesla Energy'\"](http://www.businessinsider.com/here-comes-teslas-missing-piece-battery-announcement-2015-4). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150505021205/http://www.businessinsider.com/here-comes-teslas-missing-piece-battery-announcement-2015-4) from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2015.\n",
            "128.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-129 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (May 3, 2020). [\"Tesla has a new product: Autobidder, a step toward becoming an electric utility\"](https://electrek.co/2020/05/03/tesla-autobidder-new-product-electric-utility/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200624190611/https://electrek.co/2020/05/03/tesla-autobidder-new-product-electric-utility/) from the original on June 24, 2020. Retrieved June 26, 2020.\n",
            "129.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-130 \"Jump up\")** Hampton, Liz; Jin, Hyunjoo (September 8, 2021). [\"Tesla plans energy trading team as company expands battery projects\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/tesla-plans-begin-trading-solar-wind-battery-storage-energy-2021-09-08/). _Reuters_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220202213125/https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/tesla-plans-begin-trading-solar-wind-battery-storage-energy-2021-09-08/) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved February 3, 2022.\n",
            "130.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-131 \"Jump up\")** Delbert, Caroline (May 4, 2020). [\"Elon Musk Would Like to Help You Trade Energy\"](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a30153019/elon-musk-tesla-energy-autobidder/). _Popular Mechanics_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220202170328/https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a30153019/elon-musk-tesla-energy-autobidder/) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved February 3, 2022.\n",
            "131.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-132 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Battery Backup Systems Manage Over 1.2GWh of Energy Storage Via Autobidder\"](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/tesla-battery-backup-systems-manage-142235080.html). _finance.yahoo.com_. March 16, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230820094909/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/tesla-battery-backup-systems-manage-142235080.html) from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.\n",
            "132.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-133 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Electric\"](https://www.tesla.com/electric). _Tesla_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230627234252/https://www.tesla.com/electric) from the original on June 27, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2023.\n",
            "133.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-134 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (August 17, 2023). [\"Tesla Electric customers came out of Texas heatwave with an extra $100 in their pockets\"](https://electrek.co/2023/08/17/tesla-electric-customers-texas-heatwave-extra-100/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230818093050/https://electrek.co/2023/08/17/tesla-electric-customers-texas-heatwave-extra-100/) from the original on August 18, 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.\n",
            "134.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-135 \"Jump up\")** Wilson, Kevin A. (March 15, 2018). [\"Worth the Watt: A Brief History of the Electric Car, 1830 to Present\"](https://www.caranddriver.com/features/g15378765/worth-the-watt-a-brief-history-of-the-electric-car-1830-to-present). _Car and Driver_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210317062346/https://www.caranddriver.com/features/g15378765/worth-the-watt-a-brief-history-of-the-electric-car-1830-to-present/) from the original on March 17, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021.\n",
            "135.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-bbweek20070730_136-0 \"Jump up\")** Welch, David (July 30, 2007). [\"Tesla: A Carmaker With Silicon Valley Spark\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140914195549/http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2007-07-29/tesla-a-carmaker-with-silicon-valley-spark). BloombergBusinessweek. Archived from [the original](http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2007-07-29/tesla-a-carmaker-with-silicon-valley-spark) on September 14, 2014. Retrieved March 13, 2014.\n",
            "136.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-137 \"Jump up\")** Crothers, Brooke (April 7, 2024). [\"Tesla Model Y And Model 3 Price Cuts Continue As Owners Feel The Pain\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/brookecrothers/2024/04/07/tesla-model-y-model-3-price-cuts-continue-feel-the-pain/). _[Forbes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes \"Forbes\")_.\n",
            "137.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-138 \"Jump up\")** Vaughan, Adam (October 25, 2013). [\"12 interesting things we learned from Tesla's Elon Musk this week\"](https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/25/things-learned-tesla-elon-musk-electric-car). _[The Guardian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian \"The Guardian\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201126023450/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/25/things-learned-tesla-elon-musk-electric-car) from the original on November 26, 2020. Retrieved December 13, 2016.\n",
            "138.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-139 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Introduced A Business Model The World Has Not Seen Before\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2020/08/29/tesla-introduced-a-business-model-the-world-has-not-seen-before/). _[CleanTechnica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CleanTechnica \"CleanTechnica\")_. August 29, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210118080229/https://cleantechnica.com/2020/08/29/tesla-introduced-a-business-model-the-world-has-not-seen-before/) from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n",
            "139.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-140 \"Jump up\")** Read, Richard. [\"GM Follows Tesla's Lead, Plans To Sell Directly To Online Shoppers\"](https://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1087492_gm-follows-teslas-lead-plans-to-sell-directly-to-online-shoppers). _The Car Connection_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200924043030/https://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1087492_gm-follows-teslas-lead-plans-to-sell-directly-to-online-shoppers) from the original on September 24, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2020.\n",
            "140.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-7Reasons_141-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-7Reasons_141-1) [\"7 Reasons Why Tesla Insists on Selling its Own Cars\"](https://fortune.com/2016/01/19/why-tesla-sells-directly/). _[Fortune](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortune_/(magazine/) \"Fortune (magazine)\")_. January 19, 2016. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201108115213/https://fortune.com/2016/01/19/why-tesla-sells-directly/) from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n",
            "141.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-142 \"Jump up\")** O'Toole, James (July 2, 2013). [\"Tesla direct-sales petition hits 100,000 signatures\"](https://money.cnn.com/2013/07/02/autos/tesla-petition/). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201112021607/https://money.cnn.com/2013/07/02/autos/tesla-petition/) from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved August 3, 2020.\n",
            "142.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-143 \"Jump up\")** Shipley, Lou (February 28, 2020). [\"How Tesla Sets Itself Apart\"](https://hbr.org/2020/02/how-tesla-sets-itself-apart). _[Harvard Business Review](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Business_Review \"Harvard Business Review\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0017-8012](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0017-8012). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201224070209/https://hbr.org/2020/02/how-tesla-sets-itself-apart) from the original on December 24, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2020.\n",
            "143.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-10K_2021_144-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-10K_2021_144-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-10K_2021_144-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-10K_2021_144-3) [\"Annual report Form 10-K 2021 Tesla Inc\"](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000095017022000796/tsla-20211231.htm). [U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission \"U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220217081012/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000095017022000796/tsla-20211231.htm) from the original on February 17, 2022. Retrieved February 7, 2022.\n",
            "144.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-145 \"Jump up\")** Chapman, Steve (June 20, 2013). [\"Car buyers get hijacked\"](https://www.chicagotribune.com/2013/06/20/car-buyers-get-hijacked/). _Chicago Tribune_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150420035811/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-06-20/news/ct-oped-0620-chapman-20130620_1_tesla-motors-car-dealers-car-costs) from the original on April 20, 2015. Retrieved April 12, 2015.\n",
            "145.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-146 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Stores\"](https://www.tesla.com/en_EU/findus/list). _Tesla_. April 2, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210410114330/https://www.tesla.com/en_EU/findus/list) from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.\n",
            "146.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-bypass_147-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-bypass_147-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-bypass_147-2) Borchers, Callum (November 20, 2013). [\"Automaker Tesla looks to bypass car dealers\"](https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2013/11/20/tesla-battles-auto-dealers-direct-sales-consumers/3f1xBFN21xH8QqQc3jijTP/story.html). _[The Boston Globe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Boston_Globe \"The Boston Globe\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201028151135/https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2013/11/20/tesla-battles-auto-dealers-direct-sales-consumers/3f1xBFN21xH8QqQc3jijTP/story.html) from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved June 22, 2017.\n",
            "147.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-148 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Has Altered The Car Dealership Model for the Better\"](https://insideevs.com/features/394452/tesla-transforming-car-dealership/). _[InsideEVs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InsideEVs \"InsideEVs\")_. January 23, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821183552/https://insideevs.com/features/394452/tesla-transforming-car-dealership/) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "148.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-149 \"Jump up\")** Valdes-Dapena, Peter (May 20, 2013). [\"Tesla's fight with America's car dealers\"](https://money.cnn.com/2013/05/20/autos/telsa-car-dealers/). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821183550/https://money.cnn.com/2013/05/20/autos/telsa-car-dealers/) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "149.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-gs2016-02-26_150-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-gs2016-02-26_150-1) Lambert, Fred (February 26, 2016). [\"Tesla is now ~80% vertically integrated, says Goldman Sachs after a Tesla Factory visit\"](http://electrek.co/2016/02/26/tesla-vertically-integrated/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201201130705/https://electrek.co/2016/02/26/tesla-vertically-integrated/) from the original on December 1, 2020. Retrieved March 31, 2016.\n",
            "150.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-151 \"Jump up\")** McAssey, Pat (October 13, 2016). [\"Volkswagen CEO 'Annoyed Beyond Measure' That DHL Made Electric Van\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200809020608/https://nesn.com/nesn-fuel/). _NESN Fuel_. Archived from [the original](http://nesnfuel.com/2016/10/13/volkswagen-ceo-annoyed-beyond-measure-that-dhl-made-electric-van/) on August 9, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2016.\n",
            "151.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-152 \"Jump up\")** [\"Alternative Fuels Data Center: Developing Infrastructure to Charge Plug-In Electric Vehicles\"](http://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity_infrastructure.html). _afdc.energy.gov_. [United States Department of Energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy \"United States Department of Energy\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210122200700/https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity_infrastructure.html) from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved April 10, 2016.\n",
            "152.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-153 \"Jump up\")** Stringham, Edward Peter; Miller, Jennifer Kelly; Clark, J.R. (2015). [\"Overcoming Barriers to Entry in an Established Industry: Tesla Motors\"](http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1525/cmr.2015.57.4.85). _California Management Review_. **57** (4): 85–103. [doi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_/(identifier/) \"Doi (identifier)\"):[10.1525/cmr.2015.57.4.85](https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fcmr.2015.57.4.85). [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0008-1256](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0008-1256). [S2CID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_/(identifier/) \"S2CID (identifier)\") [155655599](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155655599). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220606103701/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1525/cmr.2015.57.4.85) from the original on June 6, 2022. Retrieved April 16, 2022.\n",
            "153.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-154 \"Jump up\")** Korzeniewski, Jeremy (July 29, 2020). [\"Elon Musk: Tesla would share batteries, technology with competitors\"](https://www.autoblog.com/2020/07/29/tesla-supplying-batteries-tech-competitors/). _Autoblog_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210114140552/https://www.autoblog.com/2020/07/29/tesla-supplying-batteries-tech-competitors/) from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved October 11, 2020.\n",
            "154.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-155 \"Jump up\")** Blattberg, Eric (June 14, 2014). [\"Here's what Tesla's 'good faith' patent stance actually means\"](https://venturebeat.com/2014/06/14/heres-what-teslas-good-faith-patent-stance-actually-means/). _VentureBeat_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201201130003/https://venturebeat.com/2014/06/14/heres-what-teslas-good-faith-patent-stance-actually-means/) from the original on December 1, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2015.\n",
            "155.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-156 \"Jump up\")** Vance, Ashlee (June 13, 2014). [\"Why Elon Musk Just Opened Tesla's Patents to His Biggest Rivals\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-06-12/why-elon-musk-just-opened-teslas-patents-to-his-biggest-rivals). _[Bloomberg News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomberg_News \"Bloomberg News\")_.\n",
            "156.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-157 \"Jump up\")** Roberts, Jeff John (April 15, 2024). [\"Tesla inks semiconductor deal with Tata electronics for global operations\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20240415040331/https://www.business-standard.com/companies/news/tesla-inks-semiconductor-deal-with-tata-electronics-for-global-operations-124041500087_1.html). Business Standard. Archived from [the original](https://www.business-standard.com/companies/news/tesla-inks-semiconductor-deal-with-tata-electronics-for-global-operations-124041500087_1.html/) on April 15, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024.\n",
            "157.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-158 \"Jump up\")** [\"Exclusive: Tesla retreats from next-generation 'gigacasting' manufacturing process\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-retreats-next-generation-gigacasting-manufacturing-process-2024-05-01/). _Reuters_. May 2, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.\n",
            "158.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-159 \"Jump up\")** [\"What Batteries Are Tesla Using In Its Electric Cars?\"](https://insideevs.com/news/587455/batteries-tesla-using-electric-cars/). _InsideEVs_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230620013539/https://insideevs.com/news/587455/batteries-tesla-using-electric-cars/) from the original on June 20, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2023.\n",
            "159.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-160 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Now Has Multiple Battery Options: Which One Should You Choose?\"](https://insideevs.com/news/575956/tesla-battery-chemistries-explained/). _InsideEVs_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230620013539/https://insideevs.com/news/575956/tesla-battery-chemistries-explained/) from the original on June 20, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2023.\n",
            "160.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-161 \"Jump up\")** Merano, Maria (October 11, 2021). [\"Tesla Model S Plaid battery pack shows that 18650 cell innovations are not over yet\"](https://www.teslarati.com/tesla-model-s-plaid-battery-swan-song/). _TESLARATI_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230620013543/https://www.teslarati.com/tesla-model-s-plaid-battery-swan-song/) from the original on June 20, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2023.\n",
            "161.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-model-s-titanium_162-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-model-s-titanium_162-1) Prince, Max (March 28, 2014). [\"Meet the up-armored, titanium-shielded Tesla Model S\"](https://www.roadandtrack.com/go/news/tesla-model-s-titanium-underbody-shield). _Road & Track_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210105192234/https://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/news/a7483/tesla-model-s-titanium-underbody-shield/) from the original on January 5, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2020.\n",
            "162.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-163 \"Jump up\")** Lee, Timothy (December 13, 2021). [\"Why battery costs have plunged 89 percent since 2010\"](https://fullstackeconomics.com/untitled-2/). _Full Stack Economics_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220130153727/https://fullstackeconomics.com/untitled-2/) from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved January 30, 2022. Tesla hasn't shared its exact battery costs with BloombergNEF, but the group estimates Tesla spends $112 per kWh – 15 percent below the industry average of $132.\n",
            "163.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-gcr2013-06_164-0 \"Jump up\")** Fisher, Thomas (June 11, 2013). [\"What Goes into A Tesla Model S Battery – And What It May Cost\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20190503210702/https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1084682_what-goes-into-a-tesla-model-s-battery--and-what-it-may-cost). _Green Car Reports_. Archived from [the original](http://www.greencarreports.com/news/1084682_what-goes-into-a-tesla-model-s-battery--and-what-it-may-cost) on May 3, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2014.\n",
            "164.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Kane_2022_165-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Kane_2022_165-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Kane_2022_165-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Kane_2022_165-3) [_**e**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Kane_2022_165-4) Kane, Mark (May 23, 2022). [\"What Batteries Are Tesla Using In Its Electric Cars?\"](https://insideevs.com/news/587455/batteries-tesla-using-electric-cars/). _InsideEVs_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230803204018/https://insideevs.com/news/587455/batteries-tesla-using-electric-cars/) from the original on August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 17, 2023.\n",
            "165.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-166 \"Jump up\")** [\"Panasonic to expand battery capacity at Tesla Gigafactory\"](https://techcrunch.com/2020/09/08/panasonic-to-expand-battery-capacity-at-tesla-gigafactory/). _TechCrunch_. September 8, 2020. Retrieved April 7, 2021.\n",
            "166.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-167 \"Jump up\")** Gurskiy, Denis (January 27, 2021). [\"Tesla Factory: Stats, Production, History, and Delivery Numbers by Gigafactory\"](https://evbite.com/tesla-factory-stats-production-history-and-delivery-numbers-by-gigafactory/). _EVBite_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210127153104/https://evbite.com/tesla-factory-stats-production-history-and-delivery-numbers-by-gigafactory/) from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved February 1, 2021.\n",
            "167.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-168 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (January 19, 2021). [\"First look at Tesla's new structural battery pack that will power its future electric cars\"](https://electrek.co/2021/01/19/tesla-structural-battery-pack-first-picture/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230603102219/https://electrek.co/2021/01/19/tesla-structural-battery-pack-first-picture/) from the original on June 3, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.\n",
            "168.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-169 \"Jump up\")** Hawkins, Andrew J. (September 22, 2020). [\"Tesla announces \"tabless\" battery cells that will improve range of its electric cars\"](https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/22/21449238/tesla-electric-car-battery-tabless-cells-day-elon-musk). _[The Verge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Verge \"The Verge\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210118165249/https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/22/21449238/tesla-electric-car-battery-tabless-cells-day-elon-musk) from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2020.\n",
            "169.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-170 \"Jump up\")** Sanderson, Henry (February 19, 2020). [\"Tesla's choice of cheaper lithium batteries hits cobalt miners\"](https://www.ft.com/content/7264bdda-5310-11ea-90ad-25e377c0ee1f). _Financial Times_. [Archived](https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221211231233/https://www.ft.com/content/7264bdda-5310-11ea-90ad-25e377c0ee1f) from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved May 6, 2020.\n",
            "170.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-171 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (April 22, 2022). [\"Tesla is already using cobalt-free LFP batteries in half of its new cars produced\"](https://electrek.co/2022/04/22/tesla-using-cobalt-free-lfp-batteries-in-half-new-cars-produced/). _[Electrek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrek \"Electrek\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221112003108/https://electrek.co/2022/04/22/tesla-using-cobalt-free-lfp-batteries-in-half-new-cars-produced/) from the original on November 12, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2022.\n",
            "171.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-172 \"Jump up\")** Hanley, Steve (May 11, 2021). [\"Tesla Transitions To LFP Battery Cells For Megapack Installations\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2021/05/11/tesla-transitions-to-lfp-battery-cells-for-megapack-installations/). _CleanTechnica_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230818053632/https://cleantechnica.com/2021/05/11/tesla-transitions-to-lfp-battery-cells-for-megapack-installations/) from the original on August 18, 2023. Retrieved August 18, 2023.\n",
            "172.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-173 \"Jump up\")**\n",
            "    \n",
            "    *   MacQueen, Caitlyn (January 19, 2021). [\"Advanced Battery Scientists Join Excludive Tesla Partnership at DAL in Research Chair Roles\"](https://www.dal.ca/news/2021/01/19/advanced-battery-scientists-join-exclusive-tesla-partnership-at-.html). _[Dalhousie University](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalhousie_University \"Dalhousie University\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821182257/https://www.dal.ca/news/2021/01/19/advanced-battery-scientists-join-exclusive-tesla-partnership-at-.html) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "    *   [\"Tesla Motors signs first Canadian university research agreement with Dalhousie University\"](https://www.dal.ca/news/media/media-releases/2015/06/17/tesla_motors_sign_first_canadian_university_research_agreement_with_dalhousie_university.html) (Press release). [Dalhousie University](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalhousie_University \"Dalhousie University\"). June 17, 2015. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821182256/https://www.dal.ca/news/media/media-releases/2015/06/17/tesla_motors_sign_first_canadian_university_research_agreement_with_dalhousie_university.html) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "    *   Shirouzu, Norihiko; Lienert, Paul (May 14, 2020). [\"How Tesla tapped a tiny Canadian lab for battery breakthroughs\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-autos-tesla-batteries-laboratory/how-tesla-tapped-a-tiny-canadian-lab-for-battery-breakthroughs-idUSKBN22Q1WK). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821182255/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-autos-tesla-batteries-laboratory/how-tesla-tapped-a-tiny-canadian-lab-for-battery-breakthroughs-idUSKBN22Q1WK) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "    \n",
            "173.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-174 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (January 21, 2020). [\"Elon Musk: Tesla acquisition of Maxwell is going to have a very big impact on batteries\"](https://electrek.co/2020/01/21/tesla-acquisition-maxwell-big-impact-battery-elon-musk/). _[Electrek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrek \"Electrek\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210523051630/https://electrek.co/2020/01/21/tesla-acquisition-maxwell-big-impact-battery-elon-musk/) from the original on May 23, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "174.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-175 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (July 21, 2021). [\"Tesla (TSLA) sells back Maxwell Technology's ultracapacitor business to former executives\"](https://electrek.co/2021/07/21/tesla-tsla-sells-back-maxwell-technology-ultracapacitor-business-to-former-executives/). _[Electrek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrek \"Electrek\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821202834/https://electrek.co/2021/07/21/tesla-tsla-sells-back-maxwell-technology-ultracapacitor-business-to-former-executives/) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "175.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-176 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Adds Hibar Systems To Its List Of Acquisitions\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2019/10/06/tesla-adds-hibar-systems-to-its-list-of-acquisitions/). _[CleanTechnica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CleanTechnica \"CleanTechnica\")_. October 6, 2019. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201120044143/https://cleantechnica.com/2019/10/06/tesla-adds-hibar-systems-to-its-list-of-acquisitions/) from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.\n",
            "176.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-177 \"Jump up\")** Palmer, Annie (October 7, 2019). [\"Tesla reportedly bought a company that specializes in high-speed battery manufacturing\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/07/tesla-reportedly-bought-a-company-for-high-speed-battery-manufacturing.html). [CNBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNBC \"CNBC\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200930200815/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/07/tesla-reportedly-bought-a-company-for-high-speed-battery-manufacturing.html) from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.\n",
            "177.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-178 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla taps tiny startup's tech to build cheaper, cleaner batteries\"](https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/04/tesla-taps-tiny-startups-tech-to-build-cheaper-cleaner-batteries/). _[TechCrunch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TechCrunch \"TechCrunch\")_. May 4, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821183046/https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/04/tesla-taps-tiny-startups-tech-to-build-cheaper-cleaner-batteries/) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "178.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-179 \"Jump up\")** Bonifacic, Igor (May 4, 2021). [\"Tesla may have paid $3 to buy patents for making cleaner EV batteries\"](https://www.engadget.com/tesla-springpower-international-patents-190100400.html). _[Engadget](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engadget \"Engadget\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821191754/https://www.engadget.com/tesla-springpower-international-patents-190100400.html) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "179.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-180 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (July 19, 2017). [\"Tesla's over-the-air software updates make other vehicles 'highly vulnerable to obsolescence', says analyst\"](https://electrek.co/2017/07/19/tesla-software-updates-vs-auto-industry/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201109023738/https://electrek.co/2017/07/19/tesla-software-updates-vs-auto-industry/) from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved December 18, 2020.\n",
            "180.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-181 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (October 3, 2023). [\"Tesla just made your car safer after a crash through a software update\"](https://electrek.co/2023/10/03/tesla-made-car-safer-after-crash-through-software-update/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231003191544/https://electrek.co/2023/10/03/tesla-made-car-safer-after-crash-through-software-update/) from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved October 3, 2023.\n",
            "181.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-182 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (February 15, 2020). [\"Tesla starts selling rear-heated seats on Model 3 SR and SR Plus as $300 OTA upgrade\"](https://electrek.co/2020/02/15/tesla-rear-heated-seats-model-3-ota-upgrades/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201222144719/https://electrek.co/2020/02/15/tesla-rear-heated-seats-model-3-ota-upgrades/) from the original on December 22, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n",
            "182.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-183 \"Jump up\")** Baldwin, Roberto (June 22, 2020). [\"Musk Announces Tesla Basic Autopilot Deal\"](https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a32935630/musk-tesla-autopilot-upgrade-deal-june/). _Car and Driver_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201023114841/https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a32935630/musk-tesla-autopilot-upgrade-deal-june/) from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2020.\n",
            "183.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-184 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla's 3-Phase 4-Pole AC Induction Motor – Why Nikola Tesla's 19th Century Induction Motor Is The Ideal Choice for the 21st Century Electric Car\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2016/05/30/nikola-teslas-19th-century-induction-motor-ideal-choice-21st-century-electric-car/). _CleanTechnica_. May 30, 2016. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210130224642/https://cleantechnica.com/2016/05/30/nikola-teslas-19th-century-induction-motor-ideal-choice-21st-century-electric-car/) from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2021.\n",
            "184.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-185 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Model 3's IPM-SynRM electric motor explained\"](https://uk.motor1.com/news/462107/video-tesla-model-3-electric-motor-explained/). _Motor1_. Retrieved July 9, 2024.\n",
            "185.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-186 \"Jump up\")** Gaddam, Yogeshwari S. (January 8, 2021). [\"Tesla Model 3's IPM-SynRM electric motor\"](https://www.lesics.com/tesla-model-3_s-ipm-synrm-electric-motor.html). _Lesics_. Retrieved July 9, 2024.\n",
            "186.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-187 \"Jump up\")** [\"Motor technology from Model 3 helps Tesla boost Model S range 10%\"](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2019/04/motor-technology-from-model-3-helps-tesla-boost-model-s-range-10/). _[ArsTechnica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArsTechnica \"ArsTechnica\")_. April 24, 2019. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210121072656/https://arstechnica.com/cars/2019/04/motor-technology-from-model-3-helps-tesla-boost-model-s-range-10/) from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved November 3, 2019.\n",
            "187.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-188 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (October 19, 2023). [\"Toyota signs deal with Tesla for NACS and Supercharger access\"](https://electrek.co/2023/10/19/toyota-signs-deal-tesla-nacs-supercharger-access/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231020085747/https://electrek.co/2023/10/19/toyota-signs-deal-tesla-nacs-supercharger-access/) from the original on October 20, 2023. Retrieved October 19, 2023.\n",
            "188.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Tesla_Autopilot_Verge-2016-10-19_189-0 \"Jump up\")** Golson, Jordan; Bohn, Dieter (October 19, 2016). [\"All new Tesla cars now have hardware for 'full self-driving capabilities'\"](https://www.theverge.com/2016/10/19/13340938/tesla-autopilot-update-model-3-elon-musk-update). _The Verge_. Retrieved October 22, 2016.\n",
            "189.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-190 \"Jump up\")** Williams, Elliot (March 4, 2019). [\"Does Tesla's Autosteer Make Cars Less Safe?\"](https://hackaday.com/2019/03/04/does-teslas-autosteer-make-cars-less-safe/). _Hackaday_. Retrieved March 5, 2019.\n",
            "190.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Tesla_Autopilot_tesla.com_2021_191-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Vehicle Safety Report\"](https://www.tesla.com/VehicleSafetyReport). _tesla.com_. Retrieved April 29, 2024. In the 4th quarter \\[of 2023\\], we recorded one crash for every 5.39 million miles driven in which drivers were using Autopilot technology. For drivers who were not using Autopilot technology, we recorded one crash for every 1.00 million miles driven. By comparison, the most recent data available from NHTSA and FHWA (from 2022) shows that in the United States there was an automobile crash approximately every 670,000 miles.\n",
            "191.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-192 \"Jump up\")** Shepardson, David (March 18, 2021). [\"U.S. safety agency reviewing 23 Tesla crashes, three from recent weeks\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-crash-idUSKBN2BA2ML). _Reuters_. Retrieved May 19, 2021.\n",
            "192.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-193 \"Jump up\")** Hawkins, Andrew J. (October 22, 2020). [\"Tesla's \"Full Self-Driving\" beta is here, and it looks scary as hell\"](https://www.theverge.com/2020/10/22/21528508/tesla-full-self-driving-beta-first-reaction-video). _The Verge_. Retrieved January 2, 2021.\n",
            "193.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-194 \"Jump up\")** Mitrache, Vlad (October 26, 2020). [\"Full Self-Driving Beta Release Is Tesla's Most Irresponsible Move so Far\"](https://www.autoevolution.com/news/full-self-driving-beta-release-is-tesla-s-most-irresponsible-move-so-far-150642.html). _autoevolution_. Retrieved January 2, 2021.\n",
            "194.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-195 \"Jump up\")** [\"Should Tesla be 'beta testing' autopilot if there is a chance someone might die?\"](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jul/06/tesla-autopilot-fatal-crash-public-beta-testing). _The Guardian_. July 6, 2016. Retrieved January 2, 2021.\n",
            "195.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-196 \"Jump up\")** Widen, William H.; Koopman, Philip (September 27, 2021). \"Autonomous Vehicle Regulation, Does Tesla's Full Self-Driving Beta Release Comply with Law?\". [SSRN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSRN_/(identifier/) \"SSRN (identifier)\") [3931341](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3931341).\n",
            "196.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-197 \"Jump up\")** Lee, Timothy B. (May 7, 2021). [\"Tesla Autopilot director contradicts Musk's self-driving timeline\"](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/05/tesla-autopilot-director-contradicts-musks-self-driving-timeline/). _Ars Technica_. Retrieved July 22, 2021.\n",
            "197.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-198 \"Jump up\")** Torchinsky, Jason (July 7, 2023). [\"Elon Musk Predicts Level 4 Or 5 Full Self-Driving 'Later This Year' For the Tenth Year In A Row\"](https://www.theautopian.com/elon-musk-predicts-level-4-or-5-full-self-driving-later-this-year-for-the-tenth-year-in-a-row/). _The Autopian_. Retrieved July 9, 2023.\n",
            "198.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-electrek_compass_199-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla quietly acquired automated manufacturing firm to design factories\"](https://electrek.co/2020/06/04/tesla-acquired-automated-manufacturing-firm-compass-automation/). _Electrek_. June 4, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210316163336/https://electrek.co/2020/06/04/tesla-acquired-automated-manufacturing-firm-compass-automation/) from the original on March 16, 2021. Retrieved March 28, 2021.\n",
            "199.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-biz_in_2017_200-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla just bought an automation company to help it build the factory of the future — here's what we know about it\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-buys-perbix-facts-details-2017-11). _Business Insider_. November 7, 2017. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200627200348/https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-buys-perbix-facts-details-2017-11) from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved March 28, 2021.\n",
            "200.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-DetroitFP_2015_201-0 \"Jump up\")** Bomey, Nathan. [\"A first in Michigan: Tesla buys Grand Rapids auto supplier\"](https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/2015/05/06/tesla-motors-acquisition-riviera-tool-grand-rapids/70916758/). _Detroit Free Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211028172934/https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/2015/05/06/tesla-motors-acquisition-riviera-tool-grand-rapids/70916758/) from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved October 11, 2021.\n",
            "201.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-202 \"Jump up\")** [\"Giga Presses -- the giant die casts that are reshaping car manufacturing\"](https://europe.autonews.com/suppliers/giga-presses-help-toyota-volvo-hyundai-cut-production-costs). US. Reuters. February 10, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230228212541/https://europe.autonews.com/suppliers/giga-presses-help-toyota-volvo-hyundai-cut-production-costs) from the original on February 28, 2023. Retrieved March 1, 2023 – via Automotive News.\n",
            "202.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-203 \"Jump up\")** Inagaki, Kana; Campbell, Peter; Keohane, David (November 6, 2023). [\"Toyota takes on Tesla's gigacasting in battle for carmaking's future\"](https://www.ft.com/content/08048b42-ce72-4b64-9e0e-d15fbc98a9da). _Financial Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231111213609/https://www.ft.com/content/08048b42-ce72-4b64-9e0e-d15fbc98a9da) from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023.\n",
            "203.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-p747_204-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Why are other automakers chasing Tesla's 'Gigacasting'?\"](https://www.reuters.com/technology/why-are-other-automakers-chasing-teslas-gigacasting-2023-06-14/). _Reuters_. June 14, 2023. Retrieved May 26, 2024.\n",
            "204.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-205 \"Jump up\")** Bobrowsky, Meghan; Elliott, Rebecca (September 30, 2022). [\"Elon Musk Unveils Prototype of Tesla's Humanoid Robot Optimus, Says It Will Cost Less Than a Car\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-ai-day-2022-elon-musk-11664536415). _The Wall Street Journal_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0099-9660](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221001230415/https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-ai-day-2022-elon-musk-11664536415) from the original on October 1, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2022.\n",
            "205.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-206 \"Jump up\")** Muoio, Danielle (November 1, 2016). [\"Elon Musk: Tesla is developing a special kind of glass for its Model 3\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-tesla-model-3-will-use-glass-from-solar-roof-2016-11). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821182254/https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-tesla-model-3-will-use-glass-from-solar-roof-2016-11) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "206.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-TC_staff_2020_207-0 \"Jump up\")** Korosec, Kirsten. [\"Tesla to reduce on-site staff at Nevada gigafactory by 75%\"](https://techcrunch.com/2020/03/27/tesla-to-reduce-on-site-staff-at-nevada-gigafactory-by-75/). _TechCrunch_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201212115420/https://techcrunch.com/2020/03/27/tesla-to-reduce-on-site-staff-at-nevada-gigafactory-by-75/) from the original on December 12, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2021.\n",
            "207.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-208 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Factory\"](https://www.tesla.com/factory). _Tesla_. March 28, 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220628005146/https://www.tesla.com/factory) from the original on June 28, 2022.\n",
            "208.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Powerwall_209-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Powerwall_209-1) Johnston, Adam (January 8, 2016). [\"Tesla Starts Off 2016 By Producing & Delivering Powerwall\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2016/01/08/tesla-starts-off-2016-producing-delivering-powerwall/). _CleanTechnica_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170108003136/https://cleantechnica.com/2016/01/08/tesla-starts-off-2016-producing-delivering-powerwall/) from the original on January 8, 2017. Retrieved January 6, 2017.\n",
            "209.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-usatoday_giganevada_2019_210-0 \"Jump up\")** Damon, Anjeanette. [\"Worker injuries, 911 calls, housing crisis: Recruiting Tesla exacts a price\"](https://www.usatoday.com/in-depth/news/investigations/2019/11/12/tesla-gigafactory-brings-nevada-jobs-and-housing-woes-worker-injuries-strained-ems/2452396001/). _USA Today_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210131182404/https://www.usatoday.com/in-depth/news/investigations/2019/11/12/tesla-gigafactory-brings-nevada-jobs-and-housing-woes-worker-injuries-strained-ems/2452396001/) from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved February 2, 2021.\n",
            "210.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-211 \"Jump up\")** Loveday, Steven (March 31, 2021). [\"New Nevada Tesla Semi Production Line May Build 5 Trucks Per Week\"](https://insideevs.com/news/498003/tesla-semi-production-nevada-assembly-line/). _[InsideEVs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InsideEVs \"InsideEVs\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211004224656/https://insideevs.com/news/498003/tesla-semi-production-nevada-assembly-line/) from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.\n",
            "211.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-UpAndRunning_212-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-UpAndRunning_212-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-UpAndRunning_212-2) Ayre, James (September 7, 2017). [\"Solar Roof Tile Production at Tesla's Buffalo \"Gigafactory\" Now Up & Running\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2017/09/07/solar-roof-tile-production-teslas-buffalo-facility-now-running). _Clean Technica_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210112210929/https://cleantechnica.com/2017/09/07/solar-roof-tile-production-teslas-buffalo-facility-now-running/) from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved September 8, 2017.\n",
            "212.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-CT_giga2_2020_213-0 \"Jump up\")** Hanley, Steve (February 28, 2020). [\"Tesla Now Has 1,800 Employees in New York, Panasonic Quits Gigafactory 2 In Buffalo (The Solar One)\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2020/02/28/tesla-now-has-1800-employees-in-new-york-panasonic-quits-gigafactory-2-in-buffalo-the-solar-one/). _CleanTechnica_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200319001838/https://cleantechnica.com/2020/02/28/tesla-now-has-1800-employees-in-new-york-panasonic-quits-gigafactory-2-in-buffalo-the-solar-one/) from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2021.\n",
            "213.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-cnbc20191023_214-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-cnbc20191023_214-1) Kolodny, Lora (October 23, 2019). [\"Tesla shares soar after crushing third-quarter earnings\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/23/tesla-tsla-earnings-q3-2019.html). [CNBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNBC \"CNBC\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201101122515/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/23/tesla-tsla-earnings-q3-2019.html) from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved October 23, 2019.\n",
            "214.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-215 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla to Spend $188 Million to Expand Shanghai Factory\"](https://www.thestreet.com/investing/tesla-invests-188-miin-shanghai-facility). _The Street_. November 26, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220718124525/https://www.thestreet.com/investing/tesla-invests-188-miin-shanghai-facility) from the original on July 18, 2022. Retrieved December 1, 2021.\n",
            "215.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-216 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk personally delivers first made-in Germany Tesla Model Y at Gigafactory Berlin\"](https://electrek.co/2022/03/22/elon-musk-delivers-firs-germany-tesla-model-y-gigafactory-berlin/). _electrek.co_. March 22, 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220718124525/https://electrek.co/2022/03/22/elon-musk-delivers-firs-germany-tesla-model-y-gigafactory-berlin/) from the original on July 18, 2022. Retrieved March 22, 2022.\n",
            "216.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-217 \"Jump up\")** [\"New Tesla factory near Berlin to create 'up to 10,000 jobs'\"](https://www.thelocal.de/20191113/up-to-10000-jobs-to-be-created-in-elon-musks-new-tesla-factory-near-berlin). _The Local Germany_. November 13, 2019. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210101214805/https://www.thelocal.de/20191113/up-to-10000-jobs-to-be-created-in-elon-musks-new-tesla-factory-near-berlin) from the original on January 1, 2021. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n",
            "217.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-IEVS_berlin_2021_218-0 \"Jump up\")** Kane, Mark. [\"Tesla's Elon Musk Shows Off Huge Progress at Giga Berlin\"](https://insideevs.com/news/485334/tesla-elon-musk-giga-berlin-progress/). _InsideEVs_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220714211215/https://insideevs.com/news/485334/tesla-elon-musk-giga-berlin-progress/) from the original on July 14, 2022. Retrieved February 3, 2021.\n",
            "218.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-219 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk opens Tesla's Texas gigafactory with an all-night, neon-light 'Cyber Rodeo'\"](https://fortune.com/2022/04/07/tesla-cyber-rodeo-texas-austin-gigafactory-elon-musk/). _Fortune_. April 9, 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220718125258/https://fortune.com/2022/04/07/tesla-cyber-rodeo-texas-austin-gigafactory-elon-musk/) from the original on July 18, 2022. Retrieved April 9, 2022.\n",
            "219.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Vorrath_220-0 \"Jump up\")** Vorrath, Sophie (July 22, 2020). [\"Giga Texas! Austin to build Tesla's new Cybertruck and Tesla Semi\"](https://thedriven.io/2020/07/23/giga-texas-austin-revealed-as-location-for-teslas-new-us-gigafactory/). _The Driven_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210101213306/https://thedriven.io/2020/07/23/giga-texas-austin-revealed-as-location-for-teslas-new-us-gigafactory/) from the original on January 1, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2020.\n",
            "220.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-221 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Must: Over 10,000 people are needed for Giga Texas just through 2022!\"](https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1377340744340361216). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220714223027/https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1377340744340361216) from the original on July 14, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2021 – via Twitter.\n",
            "221.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-222 \"Jump up\")** Marshall, Matt (June 2, 2016). [\"2006: San Carlos start-up Tesla seeks sexier electric car\"](http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_26147213/from-archives-san-carlos-start-up-tesla-seeks). _Mercury News_. San Jose, California. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160608012754/http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_26147213/from-archives-san-carlos-start-up-tesla-seeks) from the original on June 8, 2016. Retrieved June 7, 2016.\n",
            "222.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-223 \"Jump up\")** Gulker, Chris (September 28, 2010). [\"Menlo Park's only auto factory assembles $100,000 cars\"](https://inmenlo.com/2010/09/28/menlo-parks-only-auto-factory-assembles-100000-cars/). _InMenlo_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210802184111/https://inmenlo.com/2010/09/28/menlo-parks-only-auto-factory-assembles-100000-cars/) from the original on August 2, 2021. Retrieved August 13, 2023.\n",
            "223.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-224 \"Jump up\")** Behrens, Zach (May 2, 2008). [\"Tesla Opens First Dealership in Los Angeles\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080505050516/http://laist.com/2008/05/02/tesla_opens_fir.php). _LAist_. Archived from [the original](https://laist.com/2008/05/02/tesla_opens_fir.php) on May 5, 2008. Retrieved April 8, 2020.\n",
            "224.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-225 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla moving headquarters and powertrain operations to Palo Alto\"](http://www.mercurynews.com/news/ci_13146859?source=rss). _Mercury News_. August 17, 2009. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110629071830/http://www.mercurynews.com/news/ci_13146859?source=rss) from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2009.\n",
            "225.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-226 \"Jump up\")** Kiley, David (April 2, 2010). [\"Goodbye, NUMMI: How a Plant Changed the Culture of Car-Making\"](https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/a5514/4350856/). _Popular Mechanics_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210307211326/https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/a5514/4350856/) from the original on March 7, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2021.\n",
            "226.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-227 \"Jump up\")** Randall, Tom (January 4, 2017). [\"Tesla Flips the Switch on the Gigafactory\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-01-04/tesla-flips-the-switch-on-the-gigafactory). _Bloomberg.com_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170104232426/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-01-04/tesla-flips-the-switch-on-the-gigafactory) from the original on January 4, 2017. Retrieved January 4, 2017.\n",
            "227.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-228 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (January 3, 2018). [\"Tesla increases hiring effort at Gigafactory 1 to reach goal of 35 GWh of battery production\"](https://electrek.co/2018/01/03/tesla-gigafactory-hiring-effort-battery-production/). _electrek.co_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180713143504/https://electrek.co/2018/01/03/tesla-gigafactory-hiring-effort-battery-production/) from the original on July 13, 2018. Retrieved July 13, 2018.\n",
            "228.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Hidalgo_March_2,_20232_229-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Hidalgo_March_2,_20232_229-1) Hidalgo, Jason (March 2, 2023). [\"Nevada approves $330 million in tax incentives for Tesla electric semi facility. What we know\"](https://www.rgj.com/story/news/money/business/2023/03/02/tesla-gets-330-million-tax-incentives-for-electric-semi-facility-nevada/69963517007/). _[Reno Gazette Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reno_Gazette_Journal \"Reno Gazette Journal\")_. Retrieved August 17, 2023.\n",
            "229.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-230 \"Jump up\")** Damon, Anjeanette (September 16, 2014). [\"Inside Nevada's $1.25 billion Tesla tax deal\"](http://www.rgj.com/story/news/2014/09/04/nevada-strikes-billion-tax-break-deal-tesla/15096777/). _[Reno Gazette Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reno_Gazette_Journal \"Reno Gazette Journal\")_. Retrieved November 3, 2016. the company must invest a minimum of $3.5 billion in manufacturing equipment and real property in the state. Five other states charge no sales tax at all and 34 states, including Arizona and Texas, don't charges sales tax on manufacturing equipment.\n",
            "230.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-231 \"Jump up\")** Robinson, David (August 31, 2017). [\"6 things to watch as Panasonic gears up to start production\"](https://buffalonews.com/2017/08/31/6-things-watch-panasonic-gears-start-production/). The Buffalo News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170903003031/http://buffalonews.com/2017/08/31/6-things-watch-panasonic-gears-start-production/) from the original on September 3, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2020.\n",
            "231.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-232 \"Jump up\")** Christmann, Samantha (December 27, 2016). [\"Panasonic will invest in Tesla's South Buffalo solar plant\"](https://buffalonews.com/2016/12/27/panasonic-will-invest-solarcity/). _The Buffalo News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20161228143931/http://buffalonews.com/2016/12/27/panasonic-will-invest-solarcity/) from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2016.\n",
            "232.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Bykowicz_&_Mann_2023_233-0 \"Jump up\")** Bykowicz, Julie; Mann, Ted (July 6, 2023). [\"New York State Built Elon Musk a $1 Billion Factory. 'It Was a Bad Deal.'\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musk-tesla-buffalo-new-york-solar-plant-1b634b9e). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0099-9660](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230807034155/https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musk-tesla-buffalo-new-york-solar-plant-1b634b9e) from the original on August 7, 2023. Retrieved August 7, 2023.\n",
            "233.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-clearspan.com_234-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla's newest factory is inside a fabric building\"](https://www.clearspan.com/news/teslas-newest-factory-is-inside-a-fabric-building/) (Press release). US: ClearSpan. June 21, 2018. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240226234929/https://www.clearspan.com/news/teslas-newest-factory-is-inside-a-fabric-building/) from the original on February 26, 2024. Retrieved April 1, 2024.\n",
            "234.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-electrek_texas_2021_235-0 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (January 5, 2021). [\"Tesla Gigafactory Texas hits hyperspeed with giant building coming up, new job postings\"](https://electrek.co/2021/01/05/tesla-gigafactory-texas-hits-hyperspeed-giant-building-new-job-postings/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210207160702/https://electrek.co/2021/01/05/tesla-gigafactory-texas-hits-hyperspeed-giant-building-new-job-postings/) from the original on February 7, 2021. Retrieved February 3, 2021.\n",
            "235.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-236 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (December 1, 2021). [\"Tesla announces it has officially moved its headquarters next to Gigafactory Texas\"](https://electrek.co/2021/12/01/tesla-officially-moved-headquarters-gigafactory-texas/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211206114534/https://electrek.co/2021/12/01/tesla-officially-moved-headquarters-gigafactory-texas/) from the original on December 6, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2021.\n",
            "236.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-MR_Bulletin_237-0 \"Jump up\")** Campbell, Jason (September 23, 2021). [\"Lathrop Lands Tesla Mega Battery Plant\"](https://www.mantecabulletin.com/news/local-news/lathrop-lands-tesla-mega-battery-plant/). _Mantica / Ripon Bulletin_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210924191338/https://www.mantecabulletin.com/news/local-news/lathrop-lands-tesla-mega-battery-plant/) from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 25, 2021.\n",
            "237.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Lathrop_MF_238-0 \"Jump up\")** Lee-Jones, Sarah (September 22, 2021). [\"New Tesla Megafactory Breaks Ground in Lathrop, California\"](https://teslanorth.com/2021/09/22/new-tesla-megafactory-breaks-ground-in-lathrop-california/). _Tesla North_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210923033903/https://teslanorth.com/2021/09/22/new-tesla-megafactory-breaks-ground-in-lathrop-california/) from the original on September 23, 2021. Retrieved September 22, 2021.\n",
            "238.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-239 \"Jump up\")** Hull, Dana; Breslau, Karen (February 23, 2023). [\"Newsom, Musk dedicate former HP headquarters in Palo Alto to Tesla engineers\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/story/2023-02-22/tesla-to-open-engineering-headquarters-in-palo-alto-california). _[Los Angeles Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230226064644/https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/story/2023-02-22/tesla-to-open-engineering-headquarters-in-palo-alto-california) from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 16, 2024.\n",
            "239.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-240 \"Jump up\")** Revell, Eric (July 23, 2024). [\"Musk says Tesla's Mexico factory on pause over Trump's tariff pledge\"](https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/musk-says-teslas-mexico-factory-pause-over-trumps-tariff-pledge). _[Fox Business](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Business \"Fox Business\")_. Retrieved July 25, 2024.\n",
            "240.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-241 \"Jump up\")** Leeds, Samson (June 28, 2009). [\"Tesla opens Flagship Euro Store in London\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220122220141/http://www.sablogzone.com/carzone/?p=4686). _Top Car Zone_. Sablog zone. Archived from [the original](http://www.sablogzone.com/carzone/?p=4686) on January 22, 2022. Retrieved October 25, 2009.\n",
            "241.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-242 \"Jump up\")** Boston, William; Higgins, Tim (July 30, 2018). [\"Tesla Explores Building Major Factory in Europe\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-explores-building-major-factory-in-europe-1532961828). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210131043537/https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-explores-building-major-factory-in-europe-1532961828) from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2021.\n",
            "242.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-243 \"Jump up\")** Kane, Mark. [\"Tesla's New Tilburg Factory Now Open\"](https://insideevs.com/teslas-new-tilburg-factory-now-open/). InsideEVs. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160517153058/http://insideevs.com/teslas-new-tilburg-factory-now-open/) from the original on May 17, 2016. Retrieved January 5, 2017. re-assembled after leaving Tesla's Fremont factory in California in order to meet domestic manufacturing/regulatory standards and to avoid extra EU taxation/import tariff rules. The 'final assembly' process reportedly takes about 2–3 hours per vehicle, but saves about ~10% worth of fees added to the EVs' pricing.\n",
            "243.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-244 \"Jump up\")** Tredway, Gareth (November 8, 2016). [\"Tesla buys automated manufacturing specialist Grohmann\"](http://automotivelogistics.media/news/tesla-buys-automated-manufacturing-specialist-grohmann-engineering). _Automotive Logistics_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20161220194319/http://automotivelogistics.media/news/tesla-buys-automated-manufacturing-specialist-grohmann-engineering) from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2016.\n",
            "244.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-245 \"Jump up\")** Linden, Fritz-Peter (April 6, 2017). [\"Demnächst nur noch ein einziger Kunde für Tesla Grohmann in Prüm\"](http://www.volksfreund.de/nachrichten/region/pruem/aktuell/Heute-in-der-Pruemer-Zeitung-Demnaechst-nur-noch-ein-einziger-Kunde-fuer-Tesla-Grohmann-in-Pruem;art8111,4623412) \\[Next, only a single customer for Tesla Grohmann in Prüm\\] (in German). Volksfreund.de. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180811195440/https://www.volksfreund.de/region/pruem/demnaechst-nur-noch-ein-einziger-kunde-fuer-tesla-grohmann-in-pruem_aid-4918484) from the original on August 11, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2017. We need all capacities in Prüm to drive the production of the Model 3 in large numbers. \"a fast and smooth transfer of current customers to other suppliers\" is being carried out.\n",
            "245.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-246 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (November 8, 2016). [\"Tesla plans to choose location for 'Gigafactory 2' in Europe next year, will produce both batteries and cars\"](https://electrek.co/2016/11/08/tesla-location-gigafactory-2-europe-2017-both-batteries-and-cars/). _electrek.co_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170812210958/https://electrek.co/2016/11/08/tesla-location-gigafactory-2-europe-2017-both-batteries-and-cars/) from the original on August 12, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2016.\n",
            "246.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-247 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (January 8, 2017). [\"The race to get 'Tesla Gigafactory 2' heats up, French Minister visits Fremont factory\"](https://electrek.co/2017/01/08/tesla-gigafactory-2-french-minister/). _Electrek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210121011523/https://electrek.co/2017/01/08/tesla-gigafactory-2-french-minister/) from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2017.\n",
            "247.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-248 \"Jump up\")** Remondini, Chiara; Rauwald, Christoph (November 12, 2019). [\"Tesla Plans to Build Next Factory in Berlin, Elon Musk Says\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/amp/news/articles/2019-11-12/tesla-plans-to-build-next-factory-in-berlin-musk-says). Bloomberg L.P. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200817215412/https://www.bloomberg.com/amp/news/articles/2019-11-12/tesla-plans-to-build-next-factory-in-berlin-musk-says) from the original on August 17, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2019.\n",
            "248.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-249 \"Jump up\")** [\"Mandatory Musk: Tesla is building a factory in Brandenburg\"](http://www.german-times.com/mandatory-musk-tesla-is-building-a-factory-in-brandenburg/). _The German Times_. October 1, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220529001953/https://www.german-times.com/mandatory-musk-tesla-is-building-a-factory-in-brandenburg/) from the original on May 29, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.\n",
            "249.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Graupner-2022_250-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Graupner-2022_250-1) [\"Tesla's first European Gigafactory opens near Berlin\"](https://www.dw.com/en/teslas-first-european-gigafactory-opens-near-berlin/a-60006610). Deutsche Welle. March 22, 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220326000521/https://www.dw.com/en/teslas-first-european-gigafactory-opens-near-berlin/a-60006610) from the original on March 26, 2022. Retrieved March 26, 2022.\n",
            "250.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-251 \"Jump up\")** Dawson, Chester; Takahashi, Yoshio (November 15, 2010). [\"Tesla Plans Japan Push\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703305404575610031563449408). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160407124159/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703305404575610031563449408) from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved February 15, 2021.\n",
            "251.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-252 \"Jump up\")** Dawson, Chester; Takahashi, Yoshio (November 15, 2010). [\"Tesla Plans Japan Push\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160407124159/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703305404575610031563449408). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. Archived from [the original](https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703305404575610031563449408) on April 7, 2016. Retrieved June 26, 2013.\n",
            "252.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-253 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla to build factory in Shanghai\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44789823). _BBC News_. July 11, 2018. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200808174607/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44789823) from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2018.\n",
            "253.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-254 \"Jump up\")** [\"Annual Report On Form 10-K For The Year Ended December 31, 2021\"](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000095017022000796/tsla-20211231.htm). _United States Securities and Exchange Commission_. February 4, 2022. p. 94\\. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220217081012/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000095017022000796/tsla-20211231.htm) from the original on February 17, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.\n",
            "254.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-255 \"Jump up\")** Klender, Joey (April 12, 2023). [\"Elon Musk reignites Tesla Gigafactory India rumors with one simple move\"](https://www.teslarati.com/elon-musk-reignites-tesla-gigafactory-india-rumors/). _TESLARATI_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230807193521/https://www.teslarati.com/elon-musk-reignites-tesla-gigafactory-india-rumors/) from the original on August 7, 2023. Retrieved August 7, 2023.\n",
            "255.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-256 \"Jump up\")** Das, Mehul Reuben (August 3, 2023). [\"Tesla In India: Elon Musk's EV company sets up shop in India, leases office space in Pune\"](https://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-analysis/tesla-in-india-elon-musks-ev-company-sets-up-shop-in-india-leases-office-space-in-pune-12954172.html). _Firstpost_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230807063618/https://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-analysis/tesla-in-india-elon-musks-ev-company-sets-up-shop-in-india-leases-office-space-in-pune-12954172.html) from the original on August 7, 2023. Retrieved August 6, 2023.\n",
            "256.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-257 \"Jump up\")** Gupta, Poornima (January 7, 2010). [\"Tesla, Panasonic partner on electric car batteries\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0721766720100107). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210116065020/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0721766720100107) from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved April 12, 2015.\n",
            "257.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-258 \"Jump up\")** [\"Panasonic invests $30m in Tesla\"](http://www.newstatesman.com/energy-and-clean-tech/2010/11/panasonic-battery-tesla). _[New Statesman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Statesman \"New Statesman\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200925033711/https://www.newstatesman.com/energy-and-clean-tech/2010/11/panasonic-battery-tesla) from the original on September 25, 2020. Retrieved November 16, 2010.\n",
            "258.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-259 \"Jump up\")** [\"Panasonic, Tesla agree to partnership for US car battery plant\"](http://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Deals/Panasonic-Tesla-agree-to-partnership-for-US-car-battery-plant). _[Nikkei Inc](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihon_Keizai_Shimbun \"Nihon Keizai Shimbun\")_. July 29, 2014. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201112025622/https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Deals/Panasonic-Tesla-agree-to-partnership-for-US-car-battery-plant) from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2014.\n",
            "259.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-260 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (February 26, 2020). [\"Tesla, Panasonic will reportedly stop joint solar cell production at Gigafactory 2 in Buffalo\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200808130532/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/26/tesla-panasonic-said-to-end-joint-solar-cell-production-at-buffalo-factory.html). CNBC. Archived from [the original](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/26/tesla-panasonic-said-to-end-joint-solar-cell-production-at-buffalo-factory.html) on August 8, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n",
            "260.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Reuters-2021_261-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Japan's Panasonic to end solar panel production – domestic media\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/panasonic-solar-idUSL1N2K6036). _Reuters_. January 31, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210208060850/https://www.reuters.com/article/panasonic-solar-idUSL1N2K6036) from the original on February 8, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "261.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-262 \"Jump up\")** Inagaki, Kana (March 14, 2021). [\"Panasonic to reduce Tesla reliance as battery tie-up evolves\"](https://www.ft.com/content/e2949f70-6bae-4dcf-a9c3-5536c7d247eb). _[Financial Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_Times \"Financial Times\")_. [Archived](https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221211231249/https://www.ft.com/content/e2949f70-6bae-4dcf-a9c3-5536c7d247eb) from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2021.\n",
            "262.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-mining20200928_263-0 \"Jump up\")** Jamasmie, Cecilia (September 28, 2020). [\"Piedmont Lithium stock soars on confirmed Tesla deal\"](https://www.mining.com/piedmont-lithium-soars-after-confirming-tesla-deal/). _mining.com_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210316204716/https://www.mining.com/piedmont-lithium-soars-after-confirming-tesla-deal/) from the original on March 16, 2021. Retrieved March 13, 2021.\n",
            "263.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-264 \"Jump up\")** [Piedmont Lithium Signs Sales Agreement with Tesla](https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_387a8ad2078edb4536fdea17b0a793e2/piedmontlithium/db/336/2620/pdf/2118399.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210126175847/https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_387a8ad2078edb4536fdea17b0a793e2/piedmontlithium/db/336/2620/pdf/2118399.pdf) January 26, 2021, at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\"), September 28, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2021.\n",
            "264.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-pvmag20221013_265-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"NT opens first lithium mine, supplying Tesla\"](https://www.pv-magazine-australia.com/2022/10/13/nt-opens-first-lithium-mine-supplying-tesla/). _PV Magazine_. October 13, 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221015040012/https://www.pv-magazine-australia.com/2022/10/13/nt-opens-first-lithium-mine-supplying-tesla/) from the original on October 15, 2022. Retrieved October 15, 2022.\n",
            "265.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-266 \"Jump up\")** Kaufman, Alexander C. (August 24, 2015). [\"Tesla Wants To Take Stress Out of Vacationing with an Electric Car\"](https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/tesla-has-a-new-way-to-quell-range-anxiety_55db4405e4b04ae49703c584?kvcommref=mostpopular). _[HuffPost](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HuffPost \"HuffPost\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150914183518/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/tesla-has-a-new-way-to-quell-range-anxiety_55db4405e4b04ae49703c584?kvcommref=mostpopular) from the original on September 14, 2015. Retrieved August 26, 2015.\n",
            "266.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-267 \"Jump up\")** Ross, Jeffrey N. (October 4, 2012). [\"Mercedes B-Class headed to America... but only as an EV?\"](http://www.autoblog.com/2012/10/04/mercedes-b-class-headed-to-america-but-only-as-an-ev/). [Autoblog.com](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoblog.com \"Autoblog.com\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20141106032216/http://www.autoblog.com/2012/10/04/mercedes-b-class-headed-to-america-but-only-as-an-ev/) from the original on November 6, 2014. Retrieved November 5, 2014.\n",
            "267.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-techcrunch1_268-0 \"Jump up\")** Arrington, Michael (May 19, 2009). [\"Tesla Worth More Than Half A Billion Dollars After Daimler Investment\"](https://techcrunch.com/2009/05/19/tesla-worth-a-half-billion-dollars-after-daimler-investment/). Techcrunch.com. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20090803173400/http://www.techcrunch.com/2009/05/19/tesla-worth-a-half-billion-dollars-after-daimler-investment/) from the original on August 3, 2009. Retrieved August 1, 2009.\n",
            "268.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-269 \"Jump up\")** Godske, Bjørn (May 21, 2010). [\"Toyota buys $50mio stake in Tesla\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20100523070707/http://ing.dk/artikel/109051-toyota-koeber-for-300-mio-kroner-aktier-i-tesla). _Ing.dk_. Archived from [the original](https://ing.dk/artikel/109051-toyota-koeber-for-300-mio-kroner-aktier-i-tesla) on May 23, 2010. Retrieved May 21, 2010.\n",
            "269.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-TN_BOD_2012_270-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-TN_BOD_2012_270-1) [\"Daimler changes Tesla board member in shift to hyrids and EV's\"](https://www.torquenews.com/1075/daimler-changes-tesla-board-member-shift-hyrids-and-evs). _Torque News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210205043048/https://www.torquenews.com/1075/daimler-changes-tesla-board-member-shift-hyrids-and-evs) from the original on February 5, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2021.\n",
            "270.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-271 \"Jump up\")** Atkins, Thomas (July 13, 2009). [\"UAE'S Aabar buys 40 pct of Daimler's Tesla stake\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/earningsSeason/idUSLD56046820090713). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210319144413/https://www.reuters.com/article/earningsSeason/idUSLD56046820090713) from the original on March 19, 2021. Retrieved April 12, 2015.\n",
            "271.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-272 \"Jump up\")** Ramsey, Mike (October 21, 2014). [\"Daimler sells Tesla stake for $780 Million\"](https://www.marketwatch.com/story/daimler-sells-tesla-stake-for-780-million-2014-10-21). _[MarketWatch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MarketWatch \"MarketWatch\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821182255/https://www.marketwatch.com/story/daimler-sells-tesla-stake-for-780-million-2014-10-21) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "272.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-273 \"Jump up\")** Peterson, Andrew (March 12, 2010). [\"Tesla Motors to Provide Batteries for Freightliner Custom Chassis Electric Van\"](https://www.motortrend.com/news/tesla-motors-to-provide-batteries-for-freightliner-custom-chassis-electric-van-6980/). _[Motor Trend](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_Trend \"Motor Trend\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821192750/https://www.motortrend.com/news/tesla-motors-to-provide-batteries-for-freightliner-custom-chassis-electric-van-6980/) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "273.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-274 \"Jump up\")** [\"10-K\"](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000119312514069681/d668062d10k.htm). _sec.gov_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201021194954/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000119312514069681/d668062d10k.htm) from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved August 24, 2020.\n",
            "274.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-275 \"Jump up\")** [\"Mercedes-Benz Introduces the Battery-Powered A-Class E-CELL; Production Run of 500\"](http://www.greencarcongress.com/2010/09/aclassecell-20100915.html). _Green Car Congress_. September 15, 2010. [Archived](https://archive.today/20130103080524/http://www.greencarcongress.com/2010/09/aclassecell-20100915.html) from the original on January 3, 2013. Retrieved May 4, 2011.\n",
            "275.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-276 \"Jump up\")** Masson, Laurent J (March 29, 2011). [\"Quick Drive: Electric Mercedes A-Class E-Cell\"](http://www.plugincars.com/short-test-electric-mercedes-class-e-cell-106984.html). _Plugin Cars_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201020022934/https://www.plugincars.com/short-test-electric-mercedes-class-e-cell-106984.html) from the original on October 20, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2011.\n",
            "276.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-277 \"Jump up\")** Halvorson, Bengt (August 7, 2017). [\"Bye-Bye Baby B: Mercedes Spikes Its Electric Subcompact, Eyes More Mainstream EVs\"](https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15340139/bye-bye-baby-b-mercedes-spikes-its-electric-subcompact-eyes-more-mainstream-evs). _Car and Driver_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180457/https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15340139/bye-bye-baby-b-mercedes-spikes-its-electric-subcompact-eyes-more-mainstream-evs/) from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved February 9, 2019.\n",
            "277.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-278 \"Jump up\")** [\"Mercedes-Benz B Class Electric Coming To U.S.: Report (Compliance Car Watch)\"](http://www.greencarreports.com/news/1079700_mercedes-benz-b-class-electric-coming-to-u-s-report-compliance-car-watch). _Green Car Reports_. October 9, 2012. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230406034229/https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1079700_mercedes-benz-b-class-electric-coming-to-u-s-report-compliance-car-watch) from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved April 19, 2016.\n",
            "278.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-279 \"Jump up\")** Gordon-Bloomfield, Nikki (September 16, 2015). [\"Report: Next-Generation Smart ForTwo Electric Drive Will Feature Renault-Made Motors\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170802032518/https://transportevolved.com/2015/09/16/report-next-generation-smart-fortwo-electric-drive-will-feature-renault-made-motors/). _Transport Evolved_. Archived from [the original](https://transportevolved.com/2015/09/16/report-next-generation-smart-fortwo-electric-drive-will-feature-renault-made-motors/) on August 2, 2017. Retrieved August 29, 2017.\n",
            "279.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-280 \"Jump up\")** Squatriglia, Chuck (January 13, 2009). [\"Tesla Motors Joins Daimler On a Smart EV\"](https://www.wired.com/2009/01/tesla-motors-jo/). _[Wired](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_/(magazine/) \"Wired (magazine)\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [1059-1028](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210625015644/https://www.wired.com/2009/01/tesla-motors-jo/) from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021.\n",
            "280.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-281 \"Jump up\")** Abuelsamid, Sam (July 16, 2010). [\"Breaking: Tesla and Toyota to develop RAV4 EV, hope to launch in 2012\"](https://www.autoblog.com/2010/07/16/breaking-tesla-and-toyota-to-develop-rav4-ev-hope-to-launch-in/). _[Weblogs, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weblogs,_Inc. \"Weblogs, Inc.\")_ [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821190307/https://www.autoblog.com/2010/07/16/breaking-tesla-and-toyota-to-develop-rav4-ev-hope-to-launch-in/) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "281.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-282 \"Jump up\")** [\"Toyota unveils RAV4 EV demonstration vehicle; targeting fully-engineered version in 2012 for market\"](https://www.greencarcongress.com/2010/11/rav4ev-20101117.html). _Green Car Congress_. November 17, 2010. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821202843/https://www.greencarcongress.com/2010/11/rav4ev-20101117.html) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "282.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-283 \"Jump up\")** Tellem, Tori (November 17, 2010). [\"2012 Toyota RAV4-EV: Take Two\"](https://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/11/17/2012-toyota-rav4-ev-take-two/?ref=automobiles). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821193312/https://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/11/17/2012-toyota-rav4-ev-take-two/?ref=automobiles) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "283.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-284 \"Jump up\")** Garrett, Jerry (August 3, 2012). [\"Toyota and Tesla Trot Out the RAV4 EV\"](https://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/03/toyota-and-tesla-trot-out-the-rav4-ev/). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210507091758/https://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/03/toyota-and-tesla-trot-out-the-rav4-ev/) from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "284.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-285 \"Jump up\")** [\"Toyota RAV4 EV key for meeting California ZEV requirements; Tesla powertrain uses Model S components\"](https://www.greencarcongress.com/2012/08/rav4ev-20120803.html). _Green Car Congress_. August 10, 2012. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210801205740/https://www.greencarcongress.com/2012/08/rav4ev-20120803.html) from the original on August 1, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "285.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-286 \"Jump up\")** [\"Toyota Wraps Up Production of RAV4 EV\"](http://www.plugincars.com/toyota-wraps-production-rav4-ev-130150.html). _PluginCars.com_. September 29, 2014. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150702212253/http://www.plugincars.com/toyota-wraps-production-rav4-ev-130150.html) from the original on July 2, 2015. Retrieved August 28, 2018.\n",
            "286.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-287 \"Jump up\")** [\"Don't look for a Toyota RAV4 EV successor anytime soon\"](https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/toyota-rav4-ev-sounds-unlikely-hybrid-double-down/). _Roadshow_. April 3, 2018. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180828170359/https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/toyota-rav4-ev-sounds-unlikely-hybrid-double-down/) from the original on August 28, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2018.\n",
            "287.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Circuited_288-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Circuited_288-1) Trudell, Craig; Ohnsman, Alan (August 7, 2014). [\"Why the Tesla-Toyota Partnership Short-Circuited\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-08-07/tesla-toyota-deal-to-develop-electric-suv-fizzles). Bloomberg L.P. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160312053258/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-08-07/tesla-toyota-deal-to-develop-electric-suv-fizzles) from the original on March 12, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2021.\n",
            "288.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-289 \"Jump up\")** Tajitsu, Naomi (June 5, 2017). [\"Toyota dumps all its shares in Tesla as their tie-up ends\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-stock-price-toyota-sells-all-shares-2017-6). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821190307/https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-stock-price-toyota-sells-all-shares-2017-6) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "289.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-290 \"Jump up\")** Tajitsu, Naomi (June 3, 2017). [\"Toyota sells all shares in Tesla as their tie-up ends\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-toyota-tesla/toyota-sells-all-shares-in-tesla-as-their-tie-up-ends-idUSKBN18U05E). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210821190308/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-toyota-tesla/toyota-sells-all-shares-in-tesla-as-their-tie-up-ends-idUSKBN18U05E) from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "290.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-291 \"Jump up\")** Lienert, Paul; Shirouzu, Norihiko; Taylor, Edward (September 22, 2020). [\"The Musk Method: Learn from partners then go it alone\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-batteryday-technology/the-musk-method-learn-from-partners-then-go-it-alone-idUKKBN2680IU). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220602124001/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-batteryday-technology/the-musk-method-learn-from-partners-then-go-it-alone-idUKKBN2680IU) from the original on June 2, 2022. Retrieved February 15, 2021.\n",
            "291.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-292 \"Jump up\")** Ramsey, Mike (July 26, 2016). [\"Mobileye Ends Partnership With Tesla\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/mobileye-ends-partnership-with-tesla-1469544028). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0099-9660](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201108142324/https://www.wsj.com/articles/mobileye-ends-partnership-with-tesla-1469544028) from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved February 3, 2020.\n",
            "292.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-293 \"Jump up\")** Bonifacic, Igor (December 15, 2021). [\"Six more women sue Tesla over workplace sexual harassment\"](https://techcrunch.com/2021/12/14/six-more-women-sue-tesla-over-workplace-sexual-harassment/). _TechCrunch_. US. Retrieved February 18, 2022.\n",
            "293.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-294 \"Jump up\")** Dillon, Nancy (December 15, 2021). [\"Six Women Sue Tesla Alleging 'Rampant Sexual Harassment' at California Facilities\"](https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/tesla-sexual-harassment-lawsuits-1271824/). _Rolling Stone_. US. Retrieved February 18, 2022.\n",
            "294.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Siddiqui-2021b_295-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Siddiqui-2021b_295-1) Siddiqui, Faiz (December 14, 2021). [\"Six Tesla workers file additional lawsuits alleging sexual harassment\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/12/14/tesla-sexual-harassment/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). Retrieved February 18, 2022.\n",
            "295.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-296 \"Jump up\")** Ohnsman, Alan (December 14, 2021). [\"Tesla Hit By 6 More Sexual Harassment Claims\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2021/12/14/tesla-hit-by-6-more-sexual-harassment-claims/). _Forbes_. US. Retrieved February 18, 2022.\n",
            "296.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-297 \"Jump up\")** Levin, Sam (June 1, 2017). [\"Tesla fires female engineer who alleged sexual harassment\"](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jun/01/tesla-fires-aj-vandermeyden-lawsuit-sexual-harrassment). _The Guardian_. UK. Retrieved February 18, 2022.\n",
            "297.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-298 \"Jump up\")** Trop, Jaclyn (May 25, 2022). [\"Tesla sexual harassment suit can proceed in court\"](https://techcrunch.com/2022/05/24/judge-rules-that-tesla-sexual-harassment-suit-can-proceed-in-court/). _TechCrunch_. US. Retrieved June 22, 2022.\n",
            "298.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-299 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla revises nondisclosure clause as Musk accuses customers of 'fraud' on suspension claims\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2016/06/11/tesla-revises-nondisclosure-clause-as-musk-accuses-customers-of-fraud-on-suspension-claims.html). CNBC. June 11, 2016. Retrieved October 19, 2021.\n",
            "299.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-300 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (October 13, 2021). [\"NHTSA asks Tesla why it didn't initiate a recall when it pushed safety-related software update\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/13/nhtsa-asks-tesla-why-it-didnt-initiate-a-recall-after-safety-related-software-update.html). CNBC. Retrieved October 19, 2021.\n",
            "300.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-301 \"Jump up\")** Burgess, Christopher (August 30, 2018). [\"Tesla insider with expired NDA spills the tech beans\"](https://www.csoonline.com/article/3301290/tesla-insider-with-expired-nda-spills-the-tech-beans.html). _CSO Online_. Retrieved October 19, 2021.\n",
            "301.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-302 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (October 12, 2021). [\"Tesla invites more drivers to 'Full Self-Driving Beta' program – read the email here\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/12/tesla-invites-drivers-to-fsd-beta-10point2-nda-restrictions-not-included-.html). CNBC. Retrieved October 19, 2021.\n",
            "302.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-303 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla NDA Warns 'Self Driving' Beta Testers 'People Want Tesla to Fail'\"](https://www.vice.com/en/article/m7ezxq/how-teslas-self-driving-beta-testers-protect-the-company-from-critics). _Vice (magazine)_. September 27, 2021. Retrieved October 19, 2021.\n",
            "303.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-304 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tech workers at Tesla, Intel say NDAs have 'silenced' them\"](https://www.hrdive.com/news/tech-workers-at-tesla-intel-say-ndas-have-silenced-them/532024/). _HR Dive_. Retrieved October 19, 2021.\n",
            "304.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-305 \"Jump up\")** Stumpf, Rob (March 3, 2019). [\"Tesla Had 3 Times as Many OSHA Violations as the 10 Largest US Plants Combined\"](https://www.thedrive.com/news/26727/tesla-had-3-times-as-many-osha-violations-as-the-10-largest-us-plants-combined). _The Drive_. Retrieved May 15, 2020.\n",
            "305.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Evans-Perry-2018_306-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla says its factory is safer. But it left injuries off the books\"](https://www.revealnews.org/article/tesla-says-its-factory-is-safer-but-it-left-injuries-off-the-books/). _Reveal_. April 16, 2018. Retrieved May 15, 2020.\n",
            "306.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-O'Kane-2019_307-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-O'Kane-2019_307-1) O'Kane, Sean (March 13, 2019). [\"Tesla allegedly hacked, spied on, and followed Gigafactory whistleblower: report\"](https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/13/18263757/tesla-elon-musk-employee-hack-spying-whistleblower-gigafactory-martin-tripp-drugs). _The Verge_. Retrieved May 11, 2020.\n",
            "307.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-308 \"Jump up\")** O'Kane, Sean (March 11, 2019). [\"Another former Tesla security manager says the company spied on employees\"](https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/11/18259786/tesla-spying-employees-security-manager-whistleblower-gigafactory-nevada). _The Verge_. Retrieved May 11, 2020.\n",
            "308.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-309 \"Jump up\")** [\"Gouthro v. Tesla Motors Inc :: Nevada District Court :: Federal Civil Lawsuit No. 2:20-cv-00286-GMN-BNW, Judge Gloria M. Navarro presiding\"](https://www.plainsite.org/dockets/475n48t5b/nevada-district-court/gouthro-v-tesla-motors-inc/). _plainsite.org_. Retrieved September 20, 2020.\n",
            "309.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-310 \"Jump up\")** Evans, Will (June 11, 2018). [\"Tesla fired safety official for reporting unsafe conditions, lawsuit says\"](https://www.revealnews.org/blog/tesla-fired-safety-official-for-reporting-unsafe-conditions-lawsuit-says/). _Reveal_. Retrieved May 11, 2020.\n",
            "310.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-311 \"Jump up\")** [\"Ramirez v. Tesla, Inc. :: Superior Court of California, County of Alameda :: State Civil Lawsuit No. RG18908005\"](https://www.plainsite.org/dockets/3erxp7g38/superior-court-of-california-county-of-alameda/ramirez-v-tesla-inc/). _plainsite.org_. Retrieved September 20, 2020.\n",
            "311.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-312 \"Jump up\")** Spillman, Benjamin. [\"Tesla whistleblower claims rampant theft, drug dealing at Nevada Gigafactory\"](https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2018/08/16/tesla-ex-employee-alleges-theft-spying-drug-dealing-gigafactory-nevada/1011626002/). _Reno Gazette Journal_. Retrieved May 11, 2020.\n",
            "312.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-313 \"Jump up\")** [\"Case 3:19-cv-00413-LRH-WGC Document 55\"](https://www.plainsite.org/dockets/download.html?id=291214068&z=7bf3e87d). _PlainSite_. July 15, 2020. Retrieved August 7, 2022.\n",
            "313.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-314 \"Jump up\")** Hoffman, Bill (June 17, 2022). [\"JAMS Arbitration Case Reference No. 1260005897\"](https://www.plainsite.org/dockets/download.html?id=308199976&a=1&z=db789cce). _PlainSite_. Retrieved August 7, 2022. Claimant has failed to establish the claims contained in his demand for arbitration. Accordingly, his claims are denied, and he shall take nothing.\n",
            "314.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-315 \"Jump up\")** Eidelson, Josh (September 27, 2019). [\"Tesla Labor Practices and Musk Tweet Broke the Law, Judge Rules\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-27/tesla-committed-unfair-labor-practices-nlrb-judge-rules). Bloomberg L.P.\n",
            "315.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-316 \"Jump up\")** Campbell, Alexia Fernández (September 30, 2019). [\"Elon Musk broke US labor laws on Twitter\"](https://www.vox.com/identities/2019/9/30/20891314/elon-musk-tesla-labor-violation-nlrb). _[Vox Media](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vox_Media \"Vox Media\")_.\n",
            "316.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-317 \"Jump up\")** [\"US labor board orders Elon Musk to delete a threatening tweet from 2018\"](https://www.engadget.com/elon-musk-ordered-to-delete-tweet-from-2018-111132733.html). _Engadget_. March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 26, 2021.\n",
            "317.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-318 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (March 25, 2021). [\"Tesla ordered to have Elon Musk delete anti-union tweet\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/25/tesla-elon-musk-anti-union-tweet-must-be-deleted-nlrb.html). CNBC. Retrieved March 26, 2021.\n",
            "318.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-319 \"Jump up\")** Scheiber, Noam (March 31, 2023). [\"Tesla and Musk Lose Ruling on Factory Union Issues\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/31/business/tesla-union-musk-twitter.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved April 14, 2023.\n",
            "319.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-320 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Obstructed Probe of Worker Discrimination, California Says\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-04-13/tesla-obstructed-probe-of-worker-discrimination-california-says). _Bloomberg.com_. April 13, 2023. Retrieved April 14, 2023.\n",
            "320.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-321 \"Jump up\")** Eddy, Melissa (November 5, 2023). [\"Job Action Against Tesla Puts Sweden's Unions in Spotlight\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/05/business/economy/tesla-sweden-unions.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved November 23, 2023.\n",
            "321.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-322 \"Jump up\")** Olander, Karin (November 22, 2023). [\"Dråpslag för Tesla: Bilarna får inga nya registreringsskyltar\"](https://www.di.se/nyheter/drapslag-for-tesla-bilarna-far-inga-nya-registreringsskyltar/). _Dagens industri_ (in Swedish). Retrieved November 23, 2023.\n",
            "322.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-323 \"Jump up\")** Stewart, Heather (December 1, 2023). [\"We can't let Tesla get away with this: why Swedish unions are fighting Elon Musk\"](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/dec/01/tesla-swedish-unions-elon-musk). Retrieved December 1, 2023.\n",
            "323.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Hiltzikh-2013_324-0 \"Jump up\")** Hiltzikh, Michael (November 18, 2013). [\"The air starts leaking out of Tesla's tires\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-mh-tesla-20131118-story.html). _[Los Angeles Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")_.\n",
            "324.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-325 \"Jump up\")** Tully, Shawn (September 2, 2016). [\"Why Tesla's Cash Crunch May Be Worse Than You Think\"](https://fortune.com/2016/09/02/elon-musk-tesla-cash-crunch-worse-than-you-think/). _Fortune_. Retrieved May 26, 2020.\n",
            "325.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-326 \"Jump up\")** Mitchell, Russ (November 2, 2018). [\"Three takeaways from the 10-Q report that Tesla just filed\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-tesla-10q-takeaways-20181102-story.html). _Los Angeles Times_. Retrieved May 26, 2020.\n",
            "326.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-327 \"Jump up\")** Owens, Jeremy C. [\"The SEC recently quizzed Tesla about its accounting, filings show\"](https://www.marketwatch.com/story/the-sec-recently-quizzed-tesla-about-its-accounting-filings-show-2019-11-27). _MarketWatch_. Retrieved May 26, 2020.\n",
            "327.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-328 \"Jump up\")** Powell, Jamie; Jones, Claire (December 18, 2019). [\"The question of Tesla's cash to be collected\"](https://www.ft.com/content/1c5c83c0-43fe-4043-82ae-22b4865ae99c). _[Financial Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_Times \"Financial Times\")_. [Archived](https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221211231205/https://www.ft.com/content/1c5c83c0-43fe-4043-82ae-22b4865ae99c) from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved February 15, 2021.\n",
            "328.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-329 \"Jump up\")** Cox, Jeff (November 8, 2019). [\"Elon Musk gloats to hedge fund adversary over Tesla surge, calling David Einhorn 'Mr. Unicorn'\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/11/08/elon-musk-gloats-to-his-hedge-fund-adversary-over-tesla-surge-calling-david-einhorn-mr-unicorn.html). _CNBC_.\n",
            "329.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-330 \"Jump up\")** Querolo, Nic; Trudell, Craig (April 30, 2020). [\"Tesla Declines After Einhorn Questions Musk's Accounting\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-30/tesla-pares-gains-after-einhorn-questions-accounts-receivable). Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved May 26, 2020.\n",
            "330.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-331 \"Jump up\")** Richards, Tori (July 23, 2015). [\"Tesla got $295M in subsidies for technology it didn't offer\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20181010015457/https://www.watchdog.org/california/tesla-got-m-in-subsidies-for-technology-it-didn-t/article_16c9814c-8176-5a03-a595-8cf0e2119455.html). _Watchdog.org_. Archived from [the original](https://www.watchdog.org/california/tesla-got-m-in-subsidies-for-technology-it-didn-t/article_16c9814c-8176-5a03-a595-8cf0e2119455.html) on October 10, 2018.\n",
            "331.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-332 \"Jump up\")** Niedermeyer, Edward (June 23, 2015). [\"Tesla Battery Swap: CARB's Bridge To Nowhere\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150623233619/https://dailykanban.com/2015/06/tesla-battery-swap-carbs-bridge-to-nowhere/). _DailyKanban_. Archived from [the original](https://dailykanban.com/2015/06/tesla-battery-swap-carbs-bridge-to-nowhere/) on June 23, 2015. Retrieved May 18, 2020.\n",
            "332.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Mitchell-2019_333-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk knew SolarCity was going broke before merger with Tesla, lawsuit alleges\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2019-09-23/solarcity-tesla-merger-shareholder-lawsuit). _Los Angeles Times_. September 24, 2019. Retrieved May 19, 2020.\n",
            "333.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-reuters_solarcitylawsuit_2020_334-0 \"Jump up\")** Hals, Tom (January 31, 2020). [\"Tesla directors settle, isolating Musk as SolarCity trial looms\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-solarcity-lawsuit/tesla-directors-settle-isolating-musk-as-solarcity-trial-looms-idINKBN1ZT2HF). _Reuters_. Retrieved February 4, 2021.\n",
            "334.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-335 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk wins $13B suit over Solar City deal Tesla shareholders called a 'bailout'\"](https://techcrunch.com/2022/04/27/elon-musk-wins-13b-suit-over-solar-city-deal-tesla-shareholders-called-a-bailout/). _techcrunch.com_. April 27, 2022. Retrieved April 27, 2022.\n",
            "335.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-336 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk wins shareholder lawsuit over Tesla's $2.6 billion SolarCity acquisition\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/27/elon-musk-wins-shareholder-lawsuit-over-the-companys-2point6-billion-solarcity-acquisition.html). CNBC. April 27, 2022. Retrieved April 27, 2022.\n",
            "336.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-337 \"Jump up\")** Hals, Tom (June 6, 2023). [\"Court upholds Musk's win in $13 bln lawsuit over Tesla-SolarCity deal\"](https://www.reuters.com/legal/court-upholds-ruling-musk-over-tesla-solarcity-deal-2023-06-06/). [Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\").\n",
            "337.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-338 \"Jump up\")** O'Kane, Sean (August 7, 2019). [\"The lesson from Elon Musk's 'funding secured' mess is to never tweet\"](https://www.theverge.com/tldr/2019/8/7/20758944/elon-musk-twitter-tesla-funding-secured-private-420). _[The Verge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Verge \"The Verge\")_.\n",
            "338.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-339 \"Jump up\")** Rosenblatt, Joel (April 15, 2020). [\"Tesla Can't Duck Lawsuit Over Musk's Take-Private Tweet\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-15/tesla-can-t-duck-investor-suit-over-musk-s-take-private-tweet). Bloomberg L.P.\n",
            "339.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-340 \"Jump up\")** Osborne, Charlie. [\"The $40 million tweet: Elon Musk settles with SEC, Tesla bears the brunt\"](https://www.zdnet.com/article/the-40-million-tweet-elon-musk-settles-with-sec-tesla-bears-the-brunt/). ZDNet. Retrieved May 26, 2020.\n",
            "340.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Mitchell-2020_341-0 \"Jump up\")** Mitchell, Russ (April 15, 2020). [\"Judge deems Musk's 'funding secured' tweet false and misleading. A trial awaits\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-04-15/tesla-musk-funding-secured-trial). _Los Angeles Times_. Retrieved May 26, 2020.\n",
            "341.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-secured_342-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-secured_342-1) Wayland, Michael (August 8, 2019). [\"Tesla's chaotic year after Musk's 'funding secured' tweet\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/08/08/teslas-chaotic-year-after-musks-funding-secured-tweet.html). [CNBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNBC \"CNBC\").\n",
            "342.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-343 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla, Elon Musk must face shareholder lawsuit over going-private tweet\"](https://www.autoblog.com/2020/04/15/tesla-elon-musk-going-private-tweet-shareholder-lawsuit/). _Autoblog_. Retrieved May 26, 2020.\n",
            "343.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_file_344-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_file_344-1) [\"Tesla 10-K Files with SEC\"](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459019003165/tsla-10k_20181231.htm). _sec.gov_. February 19, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019. ![Public Domain](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [public domain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain \"Public domain\").\n",
            "344.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-345 \"Jump up\")** Godoy, Jody; Jin, Hyunjoo (February 3, 2023). [\"Tesla's Elon Musk found not liable in trial over 2018 'funding secured' tweets\"](https://www.reuters.com/legal/securities-fraud-trial-over-elon-musks-2018-tweets-draws-close-2023-02-03/). _Reuters_. Retrieved February 4, 2023.\n",
            "345.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Viswanatha-2018_346-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Viswanatha-2018_346-1) Cimilluca, Dana; Pulliam, Susan; Viswanatha, Aruna (October 26, 2018). [\"Tesla Faces Deepening Criminal Probe Over Whether It Misstated Production Figures\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-faces-deepening-criminal-probe-over-whether-it-misstated-production-figures-1540576636). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0099-9660](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660). Retrieved May 19, 2020.\n",
            "346.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-347 \"Jump up\")** Sage, Alexandria. [\"Tesla, Elon Musk win dismissal of lawsuit over Model 3 production\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/instant-article/idINKCN1R62JC). _Reuters_. Retrieved February 9, 2021.\n",
            "347.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-348 \"Jump up\")** Kelleher, Kevin (March 25, 2019). [\"Federal Judge Dismisses Tesla Shareholders' Lawsuit on Model 3 Production – Again\"](https://fortune.com/2019/03/25/federal-court-dismisses-shareholder-lawsuit-tesla-misled-model-3-production/). Retrieved December 17, 2019.\n",
            "348.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-349 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk's Big Lie About Tesla Is Finally Exposed\"](https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-commentary/elon-musk-tesla-crash-1234930544/). Rolling Stone. December 17, 2023.\n",
            "349.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-350 \"Jump up\")** Spector, Mike; Prentice, Chris (May 8, 2024). [\"In Tesla Autopilot probe, US prosecutors focus on securities, wire fraud\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-autopilot-probe-us-prosecutors-focus-securities-wire-fraud-2024-05-08/). _Reuters_. Retrieved May 17, 2024.\n",
            "350.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Lao-Feinstein-2015_351-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"Direct-to-consumer auto sales: It's not just about Tesla\"](https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/blogs/competition-matters/2015/05/direct-consumer-auto-sales-its-not-just-about-tesla). May 11, 2015.\n",
            "351.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Read-2015_352-0 \"Jump up\")** Read, Richard (May 13, 2015). [\"Can The FTC Persuade Michigan & Other States To Open Their Doors To Tesla?\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210727220517/https://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1098273_can-the-ftc-persuade-michigan-other-states-to-open-their-doors-to-tesla). _The Car Connection_. Archived from [the original](https://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1098273_can-the-ftc-persuade-michigan-other-states-to-open-their-doors-to-tesla) on July 27, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.\n",
            "352.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Bodisch-2009_353-0 \"Jump up\")** Bodisch, Gerald R. (May 2009). [\"Economic Effects Of State Bans On Direct Manufacturer Sales To Car Buyers\"](https://www.justice.gov/atr/public/eag/246374.htm). US: Department of Justice. Retrieved July 9, 2019.\n",
            "353.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-TechCrunch-2021_354-0 \"Jump up\")** [\"EV rivals Tesla, Rivian unite to target direct sales legislation\"](https://techcrunch.com/2021/03/03/ev-rivals-tesla-rivian-unite-to-target-direct-sales-legislation/). _TechCrunch_. March 3, 2021. Retrieved August 9, 2021.\n",
            "354.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-355 \"Jump up\")** Lyons, Kim (January 24, 2021). [\"Tesla sues former employee for allegedly stealing software\"](https://www.theverge.com/2021/1/24/22247095/tesla-sues-former-employee-software-dropbox). _The Verge_. Retrieved January 25, 2021.\n",
            "355.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-356 \"Jump up\")** Manskar, Noah (January 22, 2021). [\"Ex-staffer being sued by Tesla denies he stole massive cache of code days after starting work\"](https://nypost.com/2021/01/22/ex-staffer-being-sued-by-tesla-denies-he-stole-massive-cache-of-code/). _New York Post_. Retrieved January 25, 2021.\n",
            "356.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-357 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla, Inc. v. Khatilov :: California Northern District Court :: Federal Civil Lawsuit No. 4:21-cv-00528-YGR, Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers presiding\"](https://www.plainsite.org/dockets/4gacv9fz7/california-northern-district-court/tesla-inc-v-khatilov/). _plainsite.org_. Retrieved September 11, 2022.\n",
            "357.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-358 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla settles with ex-engineer accused of stealing trade secrets\"](https://www.thestatesman.com/technology/tesla-settles-ex-engineer-accused-stealing-trade-secrets-1502963166.html). _The Statesman_. April 17, 2021.\n",
            "358.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-359 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla sues former employees for allegedly stealing data, Autopilot source code\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-lawsuit-idUSKCN1R21P9). _Reuters_. March 21, 2019. Retrieved January 25, 2021.\n",
            "359.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-360 \"Jump up\")** Cranz, Alex (April 16, 2021). [\"Tesla settles with ex-engineer accused of stealing Autopilot source code\"](https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/16/22383620/tesla-autopilot-settlement-xmotors-self-driving-source-code). _The Verge_. Retrieved September 11, 2022.\n",
            "360.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-361 \"Jump up\")** Feiner, Lauren; Kolodny, Lora (May 28, 2020). [\"Elon Musk earns first performance-based payout from Tesla, worth more than $700 million\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/05/28/musk-gets-first-tranche-of-multimillion-dollar-tesla-incentive-payout.html). [CNBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNBC \"CNBC\").\n",
            "361.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-362 \"Jump up\")** Bellan, Rebecca (July 17, 2023). [\"Tesla directors pay $735M to settle claims they overpaid themselves\"](https://techcrunch.com/2023/07/17/tesla-directors-pay-735m-to-settle-claims-they-overpaid-themselves/). _TechCrunch_. Retrieved July 21, 2023.\n",
            "362.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-363 \"Jump up\")** O'Kane, Sean (April 1, 2019). [\"Tesla penalized for violating hazardous waste law at California factory\"](https://www.theverge.com/2019/4/1/18291091/tesla-epa-fine-hazardous-waste-fremont-factory). _The Verge_. Retrieved May 18, 2020.\n",
            "363.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-364 \"Jump up\")** Niedermeyer, Edward (June 6, 2019). [\"Tesla in Settlement Proceedings Over 19 Air Quality Violations As Investigation Continues\"](https://www.thedrive.com/tech/28413/tesla-in-settlement-proceedings-over-19-air-quality-violations-as-investigation-continues). _The Drive_. Retrieved May 18, 2020.\n",
            "364.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Niedermeyer-2019_365-0 \"Jump up\")** Niedermeyer, Edward (June 3, 2019). [\"Tesla Air Quality Compliance Violations Center On Troubled Paint Shop\"](https://www.thedrive.com/tech/28339/tesla-air-quality-compliance-violations-center-on-troubled-paint-shop). _The Drive_. Retrieved May 18, 2020.\n",
            "365.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-366 \"Jump up\")** Niedermeyer, Edward (June 3, 2019). [\"Documents Show Persistent Air Quality Non-Compliance at Tesla Factory\"](https://www.thedrive.com/tech/28338/documents-show-persistent-air-quality-non-compliance-at-tesla-factory). _The Drive_. Retrieved May 18, 2020.\n",
            "366.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Robinson-2019_367-0 \"Jump up\")** Robinson, Matt; Faux, Zeke (March 13, 2019). [\"When Elon Musk Tried to Destroy a Tesla Whistleblower\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-03-13/when-elon-musk-tried-to-destroy-tesla-whistleblower-martin-tripp). _Bloomberg Businessweek_.\n",
            "367.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-368 \"Jump up\")** Klippenstein, Matthew (July 21, 2019). [\"Tesla Enters 'Whistleblower Hell'\"](https://www.thedrive.com/tech/29089/tesla-enters-whistleblower-hell). _The Drive_. Retrieved May 11, 2020.\n",
            "368.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-369 \"Jump up\")** Szymkowski, Sean. [\"Tesla wins lawsuit against whistleblower accused of hacks\"](https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/tesla-lawsuit-whistleblower-hacks/). _Roadshow_. Retrieved September 20, 2020.\n",
            "369.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-370 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla, Inc. v. Tripp :: Nevada District Court :: Federal Civil Lawsuit No. 3:18-cv-00296-MMD-CLB, Judge Miranda M. Du presiding\"](https://www.plainsite.org/dockets/3br5tkwuj/nevada-district-court/tesla-inc-v-tripp/). _plainsite.org_. Retrieved September 20, 2020.\n",
            "370.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-371 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla, Inc. Settles Environmental Enforcement Action Brought by California District Attorneys\"](https://www.sjgov.org/department/da/news/press-release/2024/02/02/tesla-inc.-settles-environmental-enforcement-action-brought-by-california-district-attorneys). _sjgov.org_. Retrieved March 25, 2024.\n",
            "371.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-372 \"Jump up\")** Calma, Justine (February 3, 2024). [\"How bad is Tesla's hazardous waste problem in California?\"](https://www.theverge.com/2024/2/3/24058476/tesla-hazardous-waste-suit-settlement-california). _The Verge_. Retrieved February 5, 2024.\n",
            "372.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-373 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla ordered to pay $1.5 million over alleged hazardous waste violations in California\"](https://apnews.com/article/tesla-california-hazardous-waste-settlement-ea1eb742720b8a1fefe38a45407a8a9b). _AP News_. February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 5, 2024.\n",
            "373.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-374 \"Jump up\")** Lee, Timothy. [\"After seven roof fires, Walmart sues Tesla over solar panel flaws\"](https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2019/08/after-seven-roof-fires-walmart-sues-tesla-over-solar-panel-flaws/). _Ars Technica_. Retrieved June 12, 2020.\n",
            "374.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-375 \"Jump up\")** Korosec, Kirsten (November 5, 2019). [\"Walmart reaches settlement with Tesla over solar panel fires, drops lawsuit\"](https://techcrunch.com/2019/11/05/walmart-reaches-settlement-with-tesla-over-solar-panel-fires-drops-lawsuit/). _TechCrunch_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200924212601/https://techcrunch.com/2019/11/05/walmart-reaches-settlement-with-tesla-over-solar-panel-fires-drops-lawsuit/) from the original on September 24, 2020. Retrieved June 12, 2020.\n",
            "375.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Porterfield-2021_376-0 \"Jump up\")** Porterfield, Carlie (May 24, 2021). [\"Tesla Found Guilty Of Throttling Battery Life, Charging Speed in Norway\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/carlieporterfield/2021/05/24/tesla-found-guilty-of-throttling-battery-life-charging-speed-in-norway/). _Forbes_.\n",
            "376.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-377 \"Jump up\")** Hawkins, Andrew J. (May 24, 2021). [\"Tesla faces a huge fine in Norway for throttling battery charging speeds\"](https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/24/22451101/tesla-fine-norway-throttle-battery-charging-speed). _The Verge_. Retrieved March 25, 2024.\n",
            "377.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-378 \"Jump up\")** Hepler, Lauren (November 30, 2018). [\"Menial Tasks, Slurs and Swastikas: Many Black Workers at Tesla Say They Faced Racism\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/30/business/tesla-factory-racism.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved April 9, 2021.\n",
            "378.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-379 \"Jump up\")** [\"Former Tesla employee who said supervisors called him the N-word awarded $1 million\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tesla-million-melvin-berry-fremont-california-n-word-racial-discrimination/). CBS News. August 6, 2021. Retrieved February 19, 2022.\n",
            "379.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-380 \"Jump up\")** [\"Lawsuit calls Tesla factory a hotbed of racism; Tesla calls lawsuit a 'hotbed of misinformation'\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-tesla-racism-lawsuit-20171115-story.html). _Los Angeles Times_. November 15, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2021.\n",
            "380.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-381 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Impact Report 2021\"](https://www.tesla.com/ns_videos/2021-tesla-impact-report.pdf) (PDF). _Tesla_. June 26, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.\n",
            "381.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-382 \"Jump up\")** [\"Former Tesla workers describe hostile workplace at Buffalo facility\"](https://www.wivb.com/news/former-tesla-workers-describe-hostile-workplace-at-buffalo-facility/). _News 4 Buffalo_. November 25, 2019. Retrieved April 9, 2021.\n",
            "382.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-383 \"Jump up\")** Koren, Marina (June 21, 2020). [\"Elon Musk's Lesson in How Not to Celebrate Diversity\"](https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2020/06/elon-musk-juneteenth-spacex-tesla/613330/). _The Atlantic_. Retrieved April 25, 2021.\n",
            "383.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-384 \"Jump up\")** Wille, Matt (July 6, 2021). [\"Tesla Fremont employees allege widespread racism on the factory floor\"](https://www.inputmag.com/culture/tesla-fremont-employees-allege-widespread-racism-on-the-factory-floor). _Input_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220804142413/https://www.inputmag.com/culture/tesla-fremont-employees-allege-widespread-racism-on-the-factory-floor) from the original on August 4, 2022. Retrieved September 9, 2021.\n",
            "384.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-385 \"Jump up\")** Hepler, Lauren (November 30, 2018). [\"Menial Tasks, Slurs and Swastikas: Many Black Workers at Tesla Say They Faced Racism\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/30/business/tesla-factory-racism.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved February 19, 2022.\n",
            "385.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Wiessner-2022_386-0 \"Jump up\")** Wiessner, Daniel; Jin, Hyunjoo (February 11, 2022). [\"California sues Tesla over Black workers' allegations of discrimination\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/california-agency-sues-tesla-over-alleged-discrimination-harassment-wsj-2022-02-10/). _Reuters_. Retrieved February 19, 2022.\n",
            "386.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-387 \"Jump up\")** [\"California Sues Tesla, Alleging Racial Discrimination and Harassment\"](https://news.justia.com/california-sues-tesla-alleging-racial-discrimination-and-harassment/). _news.justia.com_. February 10, 2022. Retrieved February 11, 2022.\n",
            "387.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-388 \"Jump up\")** [\"Ex-Tesla Employee Called Racial Slur Wins Rare $1 Million Award\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-05/ex-tesla-employee-called-racial-slur-wins-rare-1-million-award). _Bloomberg.com_. August 5, 2021. Retrieved September 9, 2021.\n",
            "388.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-389 \"Jump up\")** [\"Black ex-Tesla worker who claimed racial abuse awarded $137M\"](https://apnews.com/article/business-san-francisco-race-and-ethnicity-tesla-inc-african-americans-d74d7fc97fc5b0608c26015aa77d7c74). _AP NEWS_. October 5, 2021.\n",
            "389.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-390 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla must face lawsuit claiming racism at California factory\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-lawsuit-racism-idUSKBN1YZ18E). _Reuters_. December 31, 2019.\n",
            "390.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-391 \"Jump up\")** [\"Regarding Today's Jury Verdict\"](https://www.tesla.com/blog/regarding-todays-jury-verdict). _tesla.com_. October 4, 2021. Retrieved February 19, 2022.\n",
            "391.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Kolodny-2021_392-0 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (October 5, 2021). [\"Tesla must pay $137 million to ex-worker over hostile work environment, racism\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/05/tesla-must-pay-137-million-to-ex-worker-over-hostile-work-environment-racism.html). CNBC. Retrieved February 19, 2022.\n",
            "392.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-393 \"Jump up\")** Stempel, Jonathan; Wiessner, Daniel (April 14, 2022). [\"Judge finds Tesla liable to Black former worker who alleged bias, but slashes payout\"](https://www.reuters.com/technology/us-judge-cuts-verdict-tesla-race-bias-case-15-mln-137-mln-2022-04-14/). _Reuters_.\n",
            "393.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-394 \"Jump up\")** [\"Former Tesla worker rejects $15M payout in racial abuse lawsuit\"](https://techcrunch.com/2022/06/21/former-tesla-worker-rejects-15m-payout-in-racial-abuse-lawsuit/). _TechCrunch_. June 21, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.\n",
            "394.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-395 \"Jump up\")** Paul, Kari (April 3, 2023). [\"Black former worker awarded $3.2m in Tesla factory racial-harassment suit\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/apr/03/tesla-racial-harassment-lawsuit-award-california-factory). _The Guardian_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0261-3077](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077). Retrieved April 28, 2023.\n",
            "395.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-396 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Racism Verdict of $137 Million Could Be Cut if Appealed\"](https://time.com/6104336/tesla-racism-verdict-appeal/). _Time_. Retrieved February 19, 2022.\n",
            "396.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Siddiqui-2021a_397-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Siddiqui-2021a_397-1) Siddiqui, Faiz (March 13, 2021). [\"Hundreds of covid cases reported at Tesla plant following Musk's defiant reopening, county data shows\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/03/12/hundreds-covid-cases-reported-tesla-plant-following-musks-defiant-reopening-county-data-shows/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. Retrieved March 13, 2021.\n",
            "397.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-398 \"Jump up\")** Walsh, Joe. [\"Elon Musk's False Covid Predictions: A Timeline\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/joewalsh/2021/03/13/elon-musks-false-covid-predictions-a-timeline/). _Forbes_. Retrieved February 17, 2022.\n",
            "398.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-399 \"Jump up\")** Marshall, Aarian. [\"Elon Musk Defies Lockdown Orders and Reopens Tesla's Factory\"](https://www.wired.com/story/elon-musk-defies-lockdown-orders-reopens-tesla-factory/). _Wired_. Retrieved June 12, 2020.\n",
            "399.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-400 \"Jump up\")** [\"The dispute over reopening the Tesla factory may be over\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-05-13/dispute-over-reopening-tesla-factory-may-be-over). _Los Angeles Times_. May 13, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.\n",
            "400.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:4_401-0 \"Jump up\")** Boudette, Neal E. (May 8, 2020). [\"Tesla Tells Workers It Will Reopen California Factory Despite County Order\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/08/business/economy/tesla-coronavirus-factory-alameda.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200508224003/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/08/business/economy/tesla-coronavirus-factory-alameda.html) from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.\n",
            "401.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-402 \"Jump up\")** Difeliciantonio, Chase (May 21, 2020). [\"Tesla drops lawsuit against Alameda County after Fremont factory reopens\"](https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Tesla-drops-lawsuit-against-Alameda-County-after-15284242.php). _San Francisco Chronicle_. Retrieved June 14, 2020.\n",
            "402.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-cnbc20200613_403-0 \"Jump up\")** Bursztynsky, Jessica; Kolodny, Lora (May 20, 2020). [\"Tesla drops lawsuit against California's Alameda County over coronavirus restrictions\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/05/20/tesla-drops-suit-against-californias-alameda-county.html). CNBC. Retrieved June 13, 2020.\n",
            "403.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-404 \"Jump up\")** Newburger, Emma; Kolodny, Lora (May 10, 2020). [\"Tesla says it will resume operations. Here is the company's plan to bring employees back to work\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/05/10/coronavirus-teslas-plan-to-bring-employees-back-to-work.html). CNBC. Retrieved June 13, 2020.\n",
            "404.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-cnbc20200612_405-0 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (June 12, 2020). [\"Tesla safety boss tries to calm factory workers, some are concerned about lax coronavirus precautions\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/12/tesla-laurie-shelby-email-on-covid-19-fremont-workers-worried.html). CNBC. Retrieved June 12, 2020.\n",
            "405.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-406 \"Jump up\")** Holmes, Aaron. [\"More Tesla employees say they were fired for staying home over COVID-19 fears even though CEO Elon Musk said they could\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-plant-firings-elon-musk-covid-19-staying-home-2020-7). _Business Insider_. Retrieved July 2, 2020.\n",
            "406.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-407 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla worker who criticized coronavirus safety measures receives termination notice\"](https://www.mercurynews.com/tesla-worker-who-criticized-coronavirus-safety-measures-receives-termination-notice). _The Mercury News_. June 18, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2020.\n",
            "407.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-408 \"Jump up\")** [\"Coronavirus: Elon Musk's Tesla denies firing employees who stayed home during lockdown\"](https://news.sky.com/story/coronavirus-elon-musks-tesla-denies-firing-employees-who-stayed-home-during-lockdown-12020300). Sky News. Retrieved February 9, 2021.\n",
            "408.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-409 \"Jump up\")** Coleman, Justine (March 14, 2021). [\"Hundreds of Tesla workers tested positive at reopened plant\"](https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/business-a-lobbying/543157-hundreds-of-tesla-workers-tested-positive-at-reopened). _The Hill_. Retrieved March 15, 2021.\n",
            "409.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Campbell-2021a_410-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Campbell-2021a_410-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Campbell-2021a_410-2) [\"Elon Musk Loves China, and China Loves Him Back – for Now\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-01-13/china-loves-elon-musk-and-tesla-tsla-how-long-will-that-last). _Bloomberg.com_. January 13, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2021.\n",
            "410.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-411 \"Jump up\")** Scarcella, Mike (March 15, 2023). [\"Tesla hit with 'right to repair' antitrust class actions\"](https://www.reuters.com/legal/tesla-hit-with-right-repair-antitrust-class-actions-2023-03-15/). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230315182615/https://www.reuters.com/legal/tesla-hit-with-right-repair-antitrust-class-actions-2023-03-15/) from the original on March 15, 2023. Retrieved July 3, 2024.\n",
            "411.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-412 \"Jump up\")** Thompson, Michelle (March 17, 2023). [\"Tesla accused in lawsuit of monopolizing parts, repairs\"](https://www.repairerdrivennews.com/2023/03/17/tesla-accused-in-lawsuit-of-monopolizing-parts-repairs/). _Repairer Driven News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230317101511/https://www.repairerdrivennews.com/2023/03/17/tesla-accused-in-lawsuit-of-monopolizing-parts-repairs/) from the original on March 17, 2023. Retrieved July 3, 2024.\n",
            "412.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:02_413-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:02_413-1) Stempel, Jonathan (June 18, 2024). [\"Tesla must face owners' lawsuit claiming it monopolizes vehicle repairs and parts\"](https://www.reuters.com/legal/tesla-must-face-owners-lawsuit-claiming-it-monopolizes-vehicle-repairs-parts-2024-06-18/). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. Retrieved July 3, 2024.\n",
            "413.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:13_414-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:13_414-1) Lowery, Lurah (June 26, 2024). [\"Two of eight claims in Tesla anti-trust lawsuit will move forward\"](https://www.repairerdrivennews.com/2024/06/26/two-of-eight-claims-in-tesla-anti-trust-lawsuit-will-move-forward/). _Repairer Driven News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240626224809/https://www.repairerdrivennews.com/2024/06/26/two-of-eight-claims-in-tesla-anti-trust-lawsuit-will-move-forward/) from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved July 3, 2024.\n",
            "414.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-415 \"Jump up\")** [\"It's Official: Cars Are the Worst Product Category We Have Ever Reviewed for Privacy\"](https://foundation.mozilla.org/en/privacynotincluded/articles/its-official-cars-are-the-worst-product-category-we-have-ever-reviewed-for-privacy/). _[Mozilla Foundation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozilla_Foundation \"Mozilla Foundation\")_. Retrieved September 13, 2023.\n",
            "415.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-416 \"Jump up\")** Jeong, Andrew (September 12, 2023). [\"Carmakers can collect — and sell — too much data about you, watchdog says\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/09/07/car-privacy-mozilla-report/). _Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). Retrieved September 13, 2023.\n",
            "416.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-417 \"Jump up\")** Jin, Hyunjoo; Scarcella, Mike (April 10, 2023). [\"Tesla hit with class action lawsuit over alleged privacy intrusion\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-hit-with-class-action-lawsuit-over-alleged-privacy-intrusion-2023-04-08/). _Reuters_. Retrieved October 13, 2023.\n",
            "417.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-418 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla recall vindicates whistleblower Lukasz Krupski\"](https://www.blueprintforfreespeech.net/en/news/lukasz-krupski). _Blueprint for Free Speech_. Retrieved January 23, 2024.\n",
            "418.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-419 \"Jump up\")** Titcomb, James (December 11, 2023). [\"China had access to Tesla employees' data, whistleblower claims\"](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2023/12/11/china-access-tesla-employees-data-whistleblower-privacy/). _The Telegraph_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0307-1235](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235). Retrieved January 23, 2024.\n",
            "419.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-420 \"Jump up\")** Ewing, Jack (November 10, 2023). [\"Man vs. Musk: A Whistleblower Creates Headaches for Tesla\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/10/business/tesla-whistleblower-elon-musk.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_.\n",
            "420.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-421 \"Jump up\")** [\"The Tesla Skeptics Who Bet Against Elon Musk\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-01-22/the-tesla-tslaq-skeptics-who-bet-against-elon-musk). _Bloomberg.com_. January 22, 2020. Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "421.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-422 \"Jump up\")** [\"Electric Burn: Those Who Bet Against Elon Musk And Tesla Are Paying A Big Price\"](https://www.npr.org/2020/01/16/796328145/electric-burn-those-who-bet-against-elon-musk-and-tesla-are-paying-a-big-price). _NPR.org_. January 16, 2020. Retrieved April 28, 2021.\n",
            "422.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-423 \"Jump up\")** Isidore, Chris (January 6, 2021). [\"Tesla short sellers lost $40 billion in 2020. Elon Musk made more than triple that\"](https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/06/investing/tesla-shorts-losses-elon-musk-win/index.html). CNN. Retrieved April 28, 2021.\n",
            "423.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-424 \"Jump up\")** [\"'Big Short' investor Burry says he's no longer betting against Tesla – CNBC\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/big-short-investor-burry-says-hes-no-longer-betting-against-tesla-cnbc-2021-10-15/). _Reuters_. October 15, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2022.\n",
            "424.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-425 \"Jump up\")** [\"Does Tesla actually want competitors to make electric cars?\"](https://www.marketplace.org/2021/08/27/does-tesla-actually-want-competitors-to-make-electric-cars/). _Marketplace_. August 27, 2021. Retrieved August 28, 2021.\n",
            "425.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-426 \"Jump up\")** [\"Scathing audit of high-tech projects slams ESD for lack of due diligence on Tesla at RiverBend\"](https://www.wivb.com/news/local-news/buffalo/scathing-audit-of-high-tech-projects-slams-esd-for-lack-of-due-diligence-on-tesla-at-riverbend/). _News 4 Buffalo_. August 21, 2020. Retrieved August 21, 2020.\n",
            "426.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-427 \"Jump up\")** Heaney, Jim (August 24, 2020). [\"Buffalo Billion audit: shock and ugh\"](https://www.investigativepost.org/2020/08/23/buffalo-billion-audit-shock-and-ugh/). _Investigative Post_. Retrieved February 9, 2021.\n",
            "427.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-428 \"Jump up\")** Hogan, Bernadette; Hicks, Nolan (August 21, 2020). [\"More 'Buffalo Billion' woes as audit finds Cuomo boondoggle a waste of tax money\"](https://nypost.com/2020/08/21/audit-finds-cuomos-buffalo-billions-a-waste-of-tax-money/). _New York Post_. Retrieved February 9, 2021.\n",
            "428.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-429 \"Jump up\")** Jones, Chuck. [\"Tesla's Musk Is Overpromising Again On Self-Driving Cars\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/chuckjones/2019/10/22/teslas-musk-is-overpromising-again-on-self-driving-cars/). _Forbes_. Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "429.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-430 \"Jump up\")** DeBord, Matthew. [\"This is why Tesla always overpromises and underdelivers\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/why-tesla-always-overpromises-and-underdelivers-2015-10). _Business Insider_. Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "430.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-431 \"Jump up\")** Pulliam, Susan; Mike, Ramsey; Dugan, Ianthe Jeanne (August 15, 2016). [\"Elon Musk Sets Ambitious Goals at Tesla – and Often Falls Short\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musk-sets-ambitious-goals-at-teslaand-often-falls-short-1471275436). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0099-9660](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660). Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "431.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-432 \"Jump up\")** Holley, Peter (October 2, 2017). [\"'We understand what needs to be fixed,' Tesla says after missing Model 3 production goals\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2017/10/02/we-understand-what-needs-to-be-fixed-tesla-says-after-bungling-model-3-production-goals/). _The Washington Post_. Retrieved November 5, 2017.\n",
            "432.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-WP_production-hell_433-0 \"Jump up\")** Holley, Peter (November 3, 2017). [\"Analysis – Sleepless nights, broken robots and mounting pressure: Musk offers rare glimpse inside Tesla's 'production hell'\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2017/11/03/sleepless-nights-broken-robots-and-mounting-pressure-musk-offers-rare-glimpse-inside-teslas-production-hell). _The Washington Post_. Retrieved November 6, 2017.\n",
            "433.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-434 \"Jump up\")** Mitchell, Russ (January 9, 2018). [\"Tesla Model 3 delivery delayed again\"](https://www.chicagotribune.com/autos/sc-auto-tips-0111-model-3-delayed-again-20180109-story.html). _Chicago Tribune_. Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "434.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-435 \"Jump up\")** Lavrinc, Damon (December 17, 2014). [\"What Will Tesla And Elon Musk Over Promise Next?\"](https://jalopnik.com/what-will-tesla-and-elon-musk-over-promise-next-1672402636). _[Jalopnik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalopnik \"Jalopnik\")_.\n",
            "435.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-436 \"Jump up\")** Stahl, Lesley (December 9, 2018). [\"Tesla CEO Elon Musk: The 60 Minutes Interview\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tesla-ceo-elon-musk-the-2018-60-minutes-interview/). CBS News. Retrieved April 27, 2021.\n",
            "436.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-437 \"Jump up\")** Lee, Timothy B. (June 10, 2016). [\"Tesla's real problem isn't that its cars are expensive. It's that they're unreliable\"](https://www.vox.com/2016/6/9/11880450/tesla-doomed). _[Vox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vox_/(website/) \"Vox (website)\")_. Retrieved April 21, 2017.\n",
            "437.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-438 \"Jump up\")** Lee, Timothy B. (April 20, 2017). [\"Tesla is recalling most of the cars it sold in 2016\"](https://www.vox.com/new-money/2017/4/20/15374592/tesla-recall-53000-cars). _[Vox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vox_/(website/) \"Vox (website)\")_. Retrieved April 21, 2017.\n",
            "438.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-439 \"Jump up\")** Wang, Christine (March 29, 2018). [\"Tesla voluntarily recalls 123,000 Model S cars over faulty steering component\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2018/03/29/tesla-recalls-123000-model-s-cars-over-potential-power-steering-failure-reports.html). CNBC. Retrieved March 31, 2018.\n",
            "439.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-440 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (October 23, 2020). [\"Tesla recalls nearly 50,000 Model S and X cars in China over faulty suspension\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/10/23/tesla-recalls-model-s/x-cars-in-china-over-faulty-suspension.html). CNBC. Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "440.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-441 \"Jump up\")** Taylor, Thom (August 1, 2020). [\"This Is Bad: \"Whompy Wheel\" Syndrome Causing Teslas To Crash\"](https://www.motorbiscuit.com/this-is-bad-whompy-wheel-syndrom-causing-teslas-to-crash/). _MotorBiscuit_. Retrieved February 8, 2021.\n",
            "441.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-442 \"Jump up\")** Lopez, Linette. [\"'Aladdin' star says a defect in his Tesla Model 3 led to his car wreck, and it comes from a problem area the company has known about for years\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/aladdin-stars-problem-with-tesla-known-as-whompy-wheels-2019-6). _Business Insider_. Retrieved October 26, 2020.\n",
            "442.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-443 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla agrees to recall 135,000 vehicles over touch screen failures after sparring with regulators\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/02/02/tesla-touch-screen-recall/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. February 2, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2021.\n",
            "443.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-444 \"Jump up\")** Ewing, Steven. [\"Tesla asked to recall Model S, Model X over touchscreen failures\"](https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/tesla-model-s-model-x-touchscreen-recall/). _Roadshow_. Retrieved January 15, 2021.\n",
            "444.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-445 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla recalls 158,000 Model S and Model X vehicles – report\"](https://www.caradvice.com.au/916000/tesla-recalls-158000-model-s-and-model-x-vehicles-report/). _CarAdvice_. Retrieved January 15, 2021.\n",
            "445.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-446 \"Jump up\")** Quandt, Jeffrey (August 14, 2020). [\"Confidential Business Information: Re: PE20-010 – Response to Information Request (First Submission)\"](https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/inv/2020/INRL-PE20010-80992P.pdf) (PDF). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Retrieved September 15, 2021.\n",
            "446.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-447 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla must recall 12,300 Model X cars over faulty moulding – KBA\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-recall-idUSKBN2AC0ZU). _Reuters_. February 12, 2021. Retrieved February 12, 2021.\n",
            "447.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-448 \"Jump up\")** Krok, Andrew. [\"Tesla told to recall 12,300 Model X SUVs over trim adhesive\"](https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/tesla-germany-model-x-recall-trim-adhesive/). _Roadshow_. Retrieved February 12, 2021.\n",
            "448.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-449 \"Jump up\")** Bursztynsky, Jessica (June 2, 2021). [\"Tesla recalls 6,000 cars over risk of loose bolts\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/02/tesla-recalls-nearly-6000-model-3-and-model-y-cars-over-loose-bolt-risk.html). CNBC. Retrieved June 3, 2021.\n",
            "449.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-450 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla to recall 475,000 cars in the US\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-59818800). BBC. December 30, 2021.\n",
            "450.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-451 \"Jump up\")** Levy, Ari (December 24, 2021). [\"Tesla locks access to video games in main display while car is in motion\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/23/tesla-disables-passenger-play-video-games-while-vehicle-is-moving.html). CNBC. Retrieved December 31, 2021.\n",
            "451.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-452 \"Jump up\")** Shepardson, David (September 22, 2022). [\"Tesla recalls nearly 1.1 million U.S. vehicles to update window reversing software\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-recalls-nearly-11-million-us-vehicles-update-window-reversing-software-2022-09-22/). _Reuters_. Retrieved September 23, 2022.\n",
            "452.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Root-2022_453-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Root-2022_453-1) Root, Al (September 22, 2022). [\"Tesla Recalls Another Million-Plus EVs. Elon Musk Goes After the Safety Patrol\"](https://www.barrons.com/articles/tesla-stock-ev-recall-software-51663863560). _Barrons_. Retrieved September 23, 2022.\n",
            "453.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-454 \"Jump up\")** Isidore, Chris (February 16, 2023). [\"Tesla recalling nearly 363,000 vehicles equipped with 'Full Self-Driving' | CNN Business\"](https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/16/business/tesla-fsd-recall/index.html). _CNN_. Retrieved March 7, 2023.\n",
            "454.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-455 \"Jump up\")** Boudette, Neal E. (February 16, 2023). [\"Tesla to Recall 362,000 Cars With Its 'Full Self Driving' System\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/16/business/tesla-recall-full-self-driving.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved March 7, 2023.\n",
            "455.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-456 \"Jump up\")** Mendoza, Jordan. [\"Tesla recalls thousands of Model Y vehicles over loose bolts in seat back frames\"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2023/03/05/tesla-recall-model-y-loose-bolts/11407892002/). _USA TODAY_. Retrieved March 7, 2023.\n",
            "456.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-457 \"Jump up\")** Krisher, Tom (December 13, 2023). [\"Tesla recalls nearly all vehicles sold in US to fix system that monitors drivers using Autopilot\"](https://apnews.com/article/tesla-autopilot-recall-driver-monitoring-system-8060508627a34e6af889feca46eb3002). _AP News_. Associated Press. Retrieved December 13, 2023.\n",
            "457.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-NHTSA_23V-838_458-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-NHTSA_23V-838_458-1) [Part 573 Safety Recall Report](https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/rcl/2023/RCLRPT-23V838-8276.PDF) (PDF) (Report). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. December 12, 2023. 23V-838. Retrieved December 13, 2023. At no cost to customers, affected vehicles will receive an over-the-air software remedy\n",
            "458.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-459 \"Jump up\")** Laing, Keith (December 13, 2023). [\"How Over-the-Air Updates Are Changing the Auto Recall Game\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-12-13/car-recalls-how-over-the-air-updates-are-changing-the-game). _bloomberg.com_. Retrieved December 17, 2023.\n",
            "459.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-460 \"Jump up\")** [\"The Detroit News\"](https://www.detroitnews.com/restricted/?return=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.detroitnews.com%2Fin-depth%2Fbusiness%2Fautos%2F2022%2F03%2F18%2Fhow-gm-tesla-handled-their-electric-vehicle-fires%2F6107340001%2F). _detroitnews.com_. Retrieved November 14, 2022.\n",
            "460.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-461 \"Jump up\")** Jensen, Christopher (October 2, 2013). [\"Tesla Says Car Fire Started in Battery\"](https://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/10/02/highway-fire-of-tesla-model-s-included-its-lithium-battery/). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_.\n",
            "461.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-462 \"Jump up\")** Voelcker, John (November 19, 2013). [\"Tesla Fires: NHTSA Will Probe, Warranty To Cover Fire Damage, Ride-Height Tweak\"](https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1088588_tesla-fires-nhtsa-will-probe-warranty-to-cover-fire-damage-ride-height-tweak). _Green Car Reports_.\n",
            "462.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-463 \"Jump up\")** Ivory, Danielle (March 28, 2014). [\"Federal Safety Agency Ends Its Investigation of Tesla Fires\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/29/business/safety-agency-ends-investigation-of-tesla-fires.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20140329000140/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/29/business/safety-agency-ends-investigation-of-tesla-fires.html) from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2014.\n",
            "463.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-464 \"Jump up\")** George, Patrick (March 28, 2014). [\"The Tesla Model S: Now With Road Debris-Crushing Titanium!\"](https://jalopnik.com/the-tesla-model-s-now-with-road-debris-crushing-titani-1553544362). _[Jalopnik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalopnik \"Jalopnik\")_.\n",
            "464.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-465 \"Jump up\")** Siddiqui, Faiz; Duncan, Ian (November 1, 2019). [\"Federal safety officials probe alleged Tesla battery defects\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/11/01/federal-safety-officials-probe-alleged-tesla-battery-defects/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_.\n",
            "465.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-466 \"Jump up\")** Lopez, Linette (June 24, 2020). [\"Tesla knew its Model S battery had a design flaw that could lead to leaks and, ultimately, fires starting in 2012. It sold the car anyway\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-faulty-battery-cooling-systems-design-model-s-2012-2019-6). _Business Insider_.\n",
            "466.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-467 \"Jump up\")** Blanco, Sebastian (November 1, 2019). [\"NHTSA, Investigating Tesla Fire Reports, Demands Data on Battery Software Changes\"](https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a29666731/nhtsa-investigation-tesla-fire-reports/). _[Car and Driver](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_and_Driver \"Car and Driver\")_.\n",
            "467.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-468 \"Jump up\")** Vlasic, Bill; Boudette, Neal E. (June 30, 2016). [\"Self-Driving Tesla Was Involved in Fatal Crash, U.S. Says\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/01/business/self-driving-tesla-fatal-crash-investigation.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160630224122/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/01/business/self-driving-tesla-fatal-crash-investigation.html) from the original on June 30, 2016.\n",
            "468.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-469 \"Jump up\")** [\"Preliminary Report, Highway HWY16FH018\"](https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Pages/HWY16FH018-preliminary.aspx). [NTSB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTSB \"NTSB\"). July 26, 2016.\n",
            "469.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-470 \"Jump up\")** Steware, Jack (January 20, 2017). [\"After Probing Tesla's Deadly Crash, Feds Say Yay to Self-Driving\"](https://www.wired.com/2017/01/probing-teslas-deadly-crash-feds-say-yay-self-driving/). _[Wired](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_/(magazine/) \"Wired (magazine)\")_.\n",
            "470.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-471 \"Jump up\")** [\"Apple engineer killed in Tesla SUV crash on Silicon Valley freeway was playing videogame: NTSB\"](https://www.marketwatch.com/story/apple-engineer-killed-in-tesla-suv-crash-on-silicon-valley-freeway-was-playing-videogame-ntsb-2020-02-25). _[MarketWatch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MarketWatch \"MarketWatch\")_. February 25, 2020.\n",
            "471.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-472 \"Jump up\")** [\"PlainSite :: Documents :: NHTSA Special Crash Investigations ADAS / ADS Case Spreadsheet\"](https://www.plainsite.org/documents/2f8yuc/nhtsa-adas-ads-cases-spreadsheet/). _plainsite.org_. Retrieved June 23, 2021.\n",
            "472.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-473 \"Jump up\")** [\"U.S. safety agency probes 10 Tesla crash deaths since 2016\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/us-safety-agency-says-it-has-opened-probes-into-10-tesla-crash-deaths-since-2016-2021-06-17/). _Reuters_. June 17, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.\n",
            "473.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-auto_474-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-auto_474-1) Kolodny, Lora (September 1, 2021). [\"Tesla must deliver Autopilot crash data to federal auto safety watchdog by October 22\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/01/tesla-must-deliver-autopilot-crash-data-to-nhtsa-by-october-22.html). CNBC. Retrieved September 4, 2021.\n",
            "474.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-475 \"Jump up\")** White, Annie (September 2, 2021). [\"Tesla Must Send Autopilot Data to Feds by October 22\"](https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a37465030/tesla-autopilot-data-nhtsa-october-22-investigation/). _Car and Driver_. Retrieved September 4, 2021.\n",
            "475.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-476 \"Jump up\")** Mitchell, Russ (September 2, 2021). [\"'A very big deal': Federal safety regulator takes aim at Tesla Autopilot\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2021-09-02/safety-regulators-put-tesla-autopilot). _Los Angeles Times_. Retrieved September 4, 2021.\n",
            "476.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-477 \"Jump up\")** Holderith, Peter (September 27, 2021). [\"Tesla Autopilot Will Now Recognize Emergency Lights, Reduce Speed: Report\"](https://www.thedrive.com/news/42531/tesla-autopilot-will-now-recognize-emergency-lights-reduce-speed-report). _The Drive_. Retrieved September 7, 2022.\n",
            "477.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-478 \"Jump up\")** Shepardson, David (October 13, 2021). [\"U.S. asks Tesla why it did not recall Autopilot after software changes\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/us-nhtsa-asks-tesla-why-it-did-not-recall-autopilot-system-ap-2021-10-13/). _Reuters_. Retrieved September 7, 2022.\n",
            "478.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-479 \"Jump up\")** Hetzner, Christiaan (June 12, 2022). [\"Elon Musk's regulatory woes mount as U.S. moves closer to recalling Tesla's self-driving software\"](https://fortune.com/2022/06/10/elon-musk-tesla-nhtsa-investigation-traffic-safety-autonomous-fsd-fatal-probe/). _Fortune_. Retrieved June 12, 2022.\n",
            "479.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-480 \"Jump up\")** Helmore, Edward (August 9, 2022). [\"Tesla's self-driving technology fails to detect children in the road, tests find\"](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/aug/09/tesla-self-driving-technology-safety-children). _The Guardian_.\n",
            "480.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-481 \"Jump up\")** Stumpf, Rob (August 12, 2022). [\"Controversy Erupts Over Video of FSD Tesla Striking Child Mannequin\"](https://www.thedrive.com/news/controversy-erupts-over-video-of-fsd-tesla-striking-child-mannequin). _The Drive_. Retrieved August 17, 2022.\n",
            "481.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-482 \"Jump up\")** [\"Don't Use Your Kids to Test Tesla's Safety Features, NHTSA Warns\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-17/don-t-use-your-kids-to-test-tesla-s-safety-features-nhtsa-warns?sref=ExbtjcSG). _Bloomberg.com_. Bloomberg L.P. August 17, 2022. Retrieved September 9, 2022.\n",
            "482.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-483 \"Jump up\")** Masunaga, Samantha (August 6, 2015). [\"Researchers hack a Tesla Model S, bring car to stop\"](https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-hy-tesla-hack-20150806-story.html). _[Los Angeles Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")_. Retrieved August 10, 2015.\n",
            "483.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-484 \"Jump up\")** Mahaffey, Kevin (August 6, 2015). [\"The new assembly line: 3 best practices for building (secure) connected cars\"](https://blog.lookout.com/blog/2015/08/06/tesla-research/). _Lookout_. Retrieved August 13, 2015.\n",
            "484.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-485 \"Jump up\")** O'Connor, Fred (August 7, 2015). [\"Tesla patches Model S after researchers hack car's software\"](https://www.wired.com/2015/08/researchers-hacked-model-s-teslas-already/). _[Wired](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_/(magazine/) \"Wired (magazine)\")_. Retrieved August 11, 2015.\n",
            "485.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-486 \"Jump up\")** [\"Car Hacking Research: Remote Attack Tesla Motors\"](http://keenlab.tencent.com/en/2016/09/19/Keen-Security-Lab-of-Tencent-Car-Hacking-Research-Remote-Attack-to-Tesla-Cars/). September 19, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.\n",
            "486.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-487 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (September 20, 2016). [\"First Tesla Model S remotely controlled by hackers, Tesla already pushed a fix\"](https://electrek.co/2016/09/20/first-tesla-model-s-remotely-controlled-hackers-tesla-pushed-a-fix/). _Electrek_. Retrieved September 21, 2016.\n",
            "487.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-488 \"Jump up\")** [\"This Tesla Investor's Tech Team Just Hacked the Model X – Again\"](http://fortune.com/2017/07/28/tesla-model-x-tencent/). _Fortune_. July 28, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.\n",
            "488.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-489 \"Jump up\")** Hackett, Robert (February 20, 2018). [\"Tesla Hackers Hijacked Amazon Cloud Account to Mine Cryptocurrency\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20201210083754/https://fortune.com/2018/02/20/tesla-hack-amazon-cloud-cryptocurrency-mining/). _Fortune_. Archived from [the original](http://fortune.com/2018/02/20/tesla-hack-amazon-cloud-cryptocurrency-mining/) on December 10, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2018.\n",
            "489.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-490 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (February 20, 2018). [\"Tesla's cloud was 'hijacked' by hackers to mine cryptocurrencies\"](https://electrek.co/2018/02/20/tesla-cloud-hijacked-hackers-mine-cryptocurrencies/). _electrek.co_. Retrieved February 21, 2018.\n",
            "490.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-491 \"Jump up\")** Villaruel, John Carlo A. (March 24, 2019). [\"Hackers Who Cracked Tesla Model 3 Security in Competition Win Electric Car And $375K\"](https://www.techtimes.com/articles/240177/20190324/hackers-who-cracked-tesla-model-3-security-in-competition-win-electric-car-and-375k.htm). _Tech Times_.\n",
            "491.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-492 \"Jump up\")** Goodin, Dan (June 8, 2022). [\"Gone in 130 seconds: New Tesla hack gives thieves their own personal key\"](https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2022/06/hackers-out-to-steal-a-tesla-can-create-their-very-own-personal-key/). _Ars Technica_. Retrieved July 21, 2022.\n",
            "492.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-493 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla drivers report a surge in 'phantom braking'\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/02/02/tesla-phantom-braking/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). Retrieved September 9, 2022.\n",
            "493.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-494 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla investigated over 'phantom braking' problem\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-60432351). _BBC News_. February 18, 2022.\n",
            "494.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-495 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elektromobilität : \"Mein Autopilot hat mich fast umgebracht\": Tesla-Files nähren Zweifel an Elon Musks Versprechen\"](https://www.handelsblatt.com/unternehmen/industrie/elektromobilitaet-mein-autopilot-hat-mich-fast-umgebracht-tesla-files-naehren-zweifel-an-elon-musks-versprechen/29166564.html) \\[\"My autopilot almost killed me\": Tesla files cast doubt on Elon Musk's promises\\]. _Handelsblatt_ (in German). Retrieved May 26, 2023.\n",
            "495.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-496 \"Jump up\")** [\"Whistleblower Drops 100 Gigabytes Of Tesla Secrets To German News Site: Report\"](https://jalopnik.com/whistleblower-drops-100-gigabytes-of-tesla-secrets-to-g-1850476542). _Jalopnik_. May 25, 2023. Retrieved May 26, 2023.\n",
            "496.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-497 \"Jump up\")** Alkousaa, Riham; Sterling, Toby (May 26, 2023). [\"Dutch watchdog looking into alleged Tesla data breach\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/german-authorities-looking-into-possible-data-protection-violations-by-tesla-2023-05-25/). _Reuters_. Retrieved May 26, 2023.\n",
            "497.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-498 \"Jump up\")** Steve Stecklow and Norihiko Shirouzu. \"[Tesla created secret team to suppress thousands of driving range complaints](https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/tesla-batteries-range/)\". _Reuters_, July 27, 2023. Retrieved July 27, 2023.\n",
            "498.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-499 \"Jump up\")** Chen, Caroline (February 20, 2024). [\"Press Center - BYD Set to Challenge Tesla for the Crown in EV Sales in 2024, Says TrendForce\"](https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20240220-12030.html). _TrendForce_. Retrieved March 29, 2024.\n",
            "499.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-500 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (January 2, 2024). [\"Tesla reported 485,000 deliveries for the fourth quarter, bringing 2023 total to 1.8 million\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2024/01/02/tesla-tsla-q4-2023-vehicle-delivery-and-production-numbers.html). _CNBC_. Retrieved March 29, 2024.\n",
            "500.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-501 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Vehicle Production & Deliveries and Date for Financial Results & Webcast for Fourth Quarter 2023\"](https://ir.tesla.com/press-release/tesla-vehicle-production-deliveries-and-date-financial-results-webcast-fourth-quarter-2023). _ir.tesla.com_. January 2, 2024. Retrieved March 29, 2024.\n",
            "501.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-502 \"Jump up\")** Nurman, Andy (March 29, 2024). [\"Tesla's Electrifying 6 Million Production Milestone – The Road Ahead\"](https://carlist.com/teslas-electrifying-6-million-production-milestone-the-road-ahead/). _Carlist_. Retrieved March 29, 2024.\n",
            "502.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-503 \"Jump up\")** [\"BYD hands back top EV seller title to Tesla after Q1 sales decline\"](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/byd-may-hand-back-top-063348429.html). _Yahoo Finance_. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024.\n",
            "503.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-1million_504-0 \"Jump up\")** Lambert, Fred (March 9, 2020). [\"Tesla produces its 1 millionth electric car\"](https://electrek.co/2020/03/09/tesla-produces-1000000th-electric-car/). _Electrek_. Retrieved March 28, 2020.\n",
            "504.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-505 \"Jump up\")** Kane, Mark (October 21, 2021). [\"Tesla Sold 2 Million Electric Cars: First Automaker To Reach Milestone\"](https://insideevs.com/news/542197/tesla-sold-2000000-electric-cars/). _InsideEVs_. Retrieved November 15, 2021.\n",
            "505.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-506 \"Jump up\")** Weatherbed, Jess (May 26, 2023). [\"The Tesla Model Y is now the world's bestselling car\"](https://www.theverge.com/2023/5/26/23738581/tesla-model-y-ev-record-world-bestselling-car-electric). _The Verge_. Retrieved May 29, 2023.\n",
            "506.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Tesla4Q2021final_507-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Tesla4Q2021final_507-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Tesla4Q2021final_507-2) [\"Tesla Fourth Quarter & Full Year 2021 Update\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20240113135400/https://tesla-cdn.thron.com/static/WIIG2L_TSLA_Q4_2021_Update_O7MYNE.pdf?xseo=&response-content-disposition=inline&filename=%22tsla-q4-and-fy-2021-update.pdf%22) (PDF). Palo Alto: Tesla. January 26, 2022. Archived from [the original](https://tesla-cdn.thron.com/static/WIIG2L_TSLA_Q4_2021_Update_O7MYNE.pdf?xseo=&response-content-disposition=inline%3Bfilename%3D%22tsla-q4-and-fy-2021-update.pdf%22) (PDF) on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 27, 2022. See table \"Operational Summary\" pp. 7 and 8 for revised and final production and sales numbers.\n",
            "507.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:5_508-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:5_508-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-:5_508-2) [\"Tesla, Inc.: Shareholders Board Members Managers and Company Profile | US88160R1014\"](https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/TESLA-INC-6344549/company/). _MarketScreener_. Retrieved March 6, 2024.\n",
            "508.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-509 \"Jump up\")** Jackson, Jon (February 8, 2021). [\"Elon Musk's Bitcoin investment supports energy waste, some critics say\"](https://www.newsweek.com/musk-bitcoin-environment-1567697). _[Newsweek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsweek \"Newsweek\")_. Retrieved February 13, 2021.\n",
            "509.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-510 \"Jump up\")** Shieber, Jonathan (February 8, 2021). [\"Tesla's Bitcoin investment could be bad for the company's climate reputation and its bottom line\"](https://au.finance.yahoo.com/news/teslas-bitcoin-investment-could-bad-010425356.html). [Yahoo! Finance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahoo!_Finance \"Yahoo! Finance\"). Retrieved February 13, 2021.\n",
            "510.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-511 \"Jump up\")** Dean, James. [\"Tesla made more profit from bitcoin in a month than from selling cars last year\"](https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/tesla-made-more-profit-from-bitcoin-in-a-month-than-from-selling-cars-last-year-5sfl6qd0h). _[The Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Times \"The Times\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0140-0460](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460). Retrieved February 19, 2021.\n",
            "511.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-512 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla May Have Already Made More in Profits From Bitcoin Than Electric Vehicles\"](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/tesla-may-already-made-more-224537165.html). Yahoo! Finance. February 16, 2021. Retrieved February 19, 2021.\n",
            "512.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-513 \"Jump up\")** O'Kane, Sean (July 26, 2021). [\"Tesla finally made a profit without the help of emission credits\"](https://www.theverge.com/2021/7/26/22594778/tesla-q2-2021-earnings-revenue-profit-credits-emissions-bitcoin). _The Verge_. Retrieved October 22, 2021.\n",
            "513.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-514 \"Jump up\")** [\"2006: San Carlos start-up Tesla seeks sexier electric car\"](https://www.mercurynews.com/2014/07/14/2006-san-carlos-start-up-tesla-seeks-sexier-electric-car/). July 14, 2014.\n",
            "514.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-3) [_**e**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-4) [_**f**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-5) [_**g**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-6) [_**h**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-7) [_**i**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-8) [_**j**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-9) [_**k**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-10) [_**l**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-11) [_**m**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-12) [_**n**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-13) [_**o**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-SEC_515-14) [\"Tesla, Inc. TSLA on Nasdaq\"](https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=1318605). [U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission \"U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission\").\n",
            "515.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-516 \"Jump up\")** [\"History of Tesla: Timeline and Facts\"](https://www.thestreet.com/technology/history-of-tesla-15088992). _TheStreet_. February 4, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2023.\n",
            "516.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-517 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Motors Zaps Another C.E.O. and Lays Off Staff\"](https://archive.nytimes.com/bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/10/15/tesla-motors-zaps-another-ceo-and-lays-off-staff/). _The New York Times_. October 15, 2008. Retrieved May 21, 2023.\n",
            "517.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-MSJ-Markets-2022_518-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-MSJ-Markets-2022_518-1) [\"Tesla Inc. Company Profile & Executives\"](https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/TSLA/company-people). _The Wall Street Journal_. Retrieved March 12, 2022.\n",
            "518.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-519 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk's Job Duties Keep Growing: Here's a List of His Board Positions Over the Years\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musks-job-duties-keep-growing-heres-a-list-of-his-board-positions-over-the-years-11649190473). _The Wall Street Journal_. April 5, 2022. Retrieved May 21, 2023.\n",
            "519.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Independent_520-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-Independent_520-1) [\"Tesla Seeks Independent Directors as Board's Musk Ties Eyed\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-04-11/tesla-investors-press-for-more-board-members-without-musk-ties). _Bloomberg.com_. April 11, 2017. Retrieved December 31, 2020.\n",
            "520.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-USA-Today-2017-04-12_521-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-USA-Today-2017-04-12_521-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-USA-Today-2017-04-12_521-2) [\"Elon Musk spars with investors who want independent Tesla board\"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2017/04/12/elon-musk-ctw-investment-group/100393980/). _[USA Today](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Today \"USA Today\")_. Retrieved April 14, 2017.\n",
            "521.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-BI_BOD_2018_522-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-BI_BOD_2018_522-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-BI_BOD_2018_522-2) Rapier, Graham. [\"Tesla has named two new board members – here's the full list of company directors\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-board-of-directors-full-list-elon-musk-chairman-replacement-2018-8). _Business Insider_. Retrieved January 26, 2021.\n",
            "522.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-523 \"Jump up\")** Waters, Richard (April 12, 2017). [\"Tesla investors seek stronger boardroom controls\"](https://www.ft.com/content/205aa80a-1f20-11e7-a454-ab04428977f9). _Financial Times_. [Archived](https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221211231221/https://www.ft.com/content/205aa80a-1f20-11e7-a454-ab04428977f9) from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2020.\n",
            "523.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-524 \"Jump up\")** [\"Musk Promises 2 New Directors for Tesla Amid Shareholder Criticism\"](http://www.foxbusiness.com/features/2017/04/12/musk-promises-2-new-directors-for-tesla-amid-shareholder-criticism.html). _[Fox Business](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Business \"Fox Business\")_. April 12, 2017. Retrieved April 14, 2017.\n",
            "524.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-525 \"Jump up\")** Rai, Sonam; Klayman, Ben (December 28, 2018). [\"Tesla names close Musk friend Larry Ellison to board\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-directors-idUSKCN1OR0ZY). _Reuters_. Retrieved September 5, 2022.\n",
            "525.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-526 \"Jump up\")** Ponciano, Jonathan (June 10, 2022). [\"Tesla Files For Another Stock Split—Reveals Billionaire Larry Ellison To Leave Board\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanponciano/2022/06/10/tesla-files-for-another-stock-split-reveals-billionaire-larry-ellison-to-leave-board/). _Forbes_. Retrieved September 5, 2022.\n",
            "526.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-jb-board_527-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-jb-board_527-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-jb-board_527-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-jb-board_527-3) Hull, Dana; O'Kane, Sean (May 16, 2023). [\"Tesla Investors Elect Former Executive JB Straubel to Board\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-16/tesla-shareholders-elect-former-executive-jb-straubel-to-board). _Bloomberg News_. [Archived](https://archive.today/20230516213453/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-16/tesla-shareholders-elect-former-executive-jb-straubel-to-board) from the original on May 16, 2023.\n",
            "527.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-528 \"Jump up\")** Hartmans, Avery. [\"Tesla's biggest investor says the company's chairwoman gives Elon Musk 'emotional' support so he can focus on leading the company\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-chairwoman-gives-elon-musk-emotional-support-baillie-gifford-2020-3). _Business Insider_. Retrieved March 9, 2020.\n",
            "528.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-cleantech_denholm_2018_529-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-cleantech_denholm_2018_529-1) Holland, Maximilian (November 8, 2018). [\"More Background On New Tesla Chair Robyn Denholm\"](https://cleantechnica.com/2018/11/08/more-background-on-new-tesla-chair-robyn-denholm/). _CleanTechnica_. Retrieved March 9, 2020.\n",
            "529.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GTM_BOD_2019_530-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GTM_BOD_2019_530-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GTM_BOD_2019_530-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-GTM_BOD_2019_530-3) Wesoff, Eric (April 22, 2019). [\"Tesla Announces Departure of 4 Board Members Ahead of a Really Big Week\"](https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/tesla-announces-departure-of-4-board-members-ahead-of-a-really-big-week). Greentech Media. Retrieved January 26, 2021.\n",
            "530.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-531 \"Jump up\")** Yoshida, Kaori (December 31, 2020). [\"Tesla director Hiro Mizuno picked as UN sustainable investment envoy\"](https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Finance/Tesla-director-Hiro-Mizuno-picked-as-UN-sustainable-investment-envoy). _Nikkei Asia_. Retrieved December 31, 2020.\n",
            "531.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-532 \"Jump up\")** [\"Tesla Changes Up Board With Nomination of Former Tech Chief\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-04-06/tesla-nominates-former-tech-chief-straubel-to-board-of-directors). _Bloomberg.com_. April 6, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.\n",
            "532.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-533 \"Jump up\")** [\"TSLA | Tesla Inc. Company Profile & Executives – WSJ\"](https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/TSLA/company-people). _The Wall Street Journal_. Retrieved May 16, 2023.\n",
            "533.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-534 \"Jump up\")** Kolodny, Lora (November 8, 2018). [\"Robyn Denholm replaces Elon Musk as Tesla's board chair\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/08/robyn-denholm-will-replace-elon-musk-as-teslas-board-chair.html#:~:text=Robyn%20has%20served%20on%20the,Juniper%20Networks%2C%20and%20Sun%20Microsystems.). CNBC. Retrieved January 26, 2021.\n",
            "534.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-535 \"Jump up\")** [\"Date of report (Date of earliest event reported): October 7, 2021\"](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459021050737/tsla-8k_20211007.htm). _sec.gov_. Retrieved October 15, 2021.\n",
            "535.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-536 \"Jump up\")** [\"Elon Musk is sticking with SpaceX board member Steve Jurvetson, shows new SEC filing\"](https://techcrunch.com/2019/01/03/elon-musk-is-sticking-with-spacex-board-member-steve-jurveston-shows-new-sec-filing/). _TechCrunch_. Retrieved January 26, 2021.\n",
            "536.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-537 \"Jump up\")** Ohnsman, Alan. [\"Elon's Enablers: Tesla's Submissive Board May Be As Big A Risk As An Erratic CEO\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2018/09/13/elons-enablers-teslas-submissive-board-may-be-as-big-a-risk-as-an-erratic-ceo/). _Forbes_. Retrieved February 22, 2020.\n",
            "537.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-538 \"Jump up\")** Nishant, Niket; Sriram, Akash (September 28, 2022). [\"Tesla adds billionaire Airbnb co-founder Gebbia to board\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-adds-airbnb-co-founder-gebbia-board-2022-09-28/). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_.\n",
            "538.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-539 \"Jump up\")** Korosec, Kirsten (September 28, 2022). [\"Tesla appoints Airbnb co-founder to board\"](https://techcrunch.com/2022/09/28/tesla-appoints-airbnb-co-founder-to-board/). _[TechCrunch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TechCrunch \"TechCrunch\")_.\n",
            "539.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla,_Inc.#cite_ref-540 \"Jump up\")** Jin, Hyunjoo (April 27, 2023). [\"Glass Lewis recommends vote against Tesla board nominee JB Straubel\"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/glass-lewis-recommends-tesla-investor-vote-against-board-nominee-jb-straubel-2023-04-27/). Reuters.\n",
            "\n",
            "Sources\n",
            "-------\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Vance, Ashlee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashlee_Vance \"Ashlee Vance\") (2015). _Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future_. New York: HarperCollins. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_/(identifier/) \"ISBN (identifier)\") [978-0062301239](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0062301239 \"Special:BookSources/978-0062301239\"). [OCLC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCLC_/(identifier/) \"OCLC (identifier)\") [881436803](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/881436803).\n",
            "\n",
            "Further reading\n",
            "---------------\n",
            "\n",
            "*   Higgins, Tim (2021). _[Power Play: Tesla, Elon Musk, and the Bet of the Century](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_Play:_Tesla,_Elon_Musk,_and_the_Bet_of_the_Century \"Power Play: Tesla, Elon Musk, and the Bet of the Century\")_. Doubleday. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_/(identifier/) \"ISBN (identifier)\") [978-0385545464](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0385545464 \"Special:BookSources/978-0385545464\").\n",
            "*   McKenzie, Hamish (2018). _Insane Mode: How Elon Musk's Tesla Sparked an Electric Revolution to End the Age of Oil_. New York: Dutton. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_/(identifier/) \"ISBN (identifier)\") [978-1101985953](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1101985953 \"Special:BookSources/978-1101985953\").\n",
            "*   Niedermeyer, Edward (2019). _[Ludicrous: The Unvarnished Story of Tesla Motors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludicrous:_The_Unvarnished_Story_of_Tesla_Motors \"Ludicrous: The Unvarnished Story of Tesla Motors\")_. Dallas: BenBella. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_/(identifier/) \"ISBN (identifier)\") [978-1948836326](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1948836326 \"Special:BookSources/978-1948836326\"). [OCLC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCLC_/(identifier/) \"OCLC (identifier)\") [1089841254](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1089841254).\n",
            "\n",
            "External links\n",
            "--------------\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Official website](https://www.tesla.com/) [![Edit this at Wikidata](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png)](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478214#P856 \"Edit this at Wikidata\")\n",
            "*   Business data for Tesla, Inc.:\n",
            "    \n",
            "    *   [Bloomberg](https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/TSLA:US)\n",
            "    *   [Google](https://www.google.com/finance/quote/TSLA)\n",
            "    *   [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/TSLA.OQ)\n",
            "    *   [SEC filings](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=1318605)\n",
            "    *   [Yahoo!](https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/TSLA)\n",
            "    \n",
            "\n",
            "[30°13′N 97°37′W / 30.22°N 97.62°W](https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tesla,_Inc.&params=30.22_N_97.62_W_type:landmark_region:US-CA)\n",
            "\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Getting the API Key from Google GEMINI"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "yl3y8jjjCAI3"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "Gemini_api_key = \"AIzaSyAbKC_dCcmOm6ZRl0STjWCkRbXR0LfQ5Qs\""
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "z2XcwMiHA2Ho"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "import google.generativeai as genai\n",
        "import os\n",
        "\n",
        "genai.configure(api_key=Gemini_api_key)\n",
        "\n",
        "model = genai.GenerativeModel(model_name=\"gemini-1.5-flash\")\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LX2mPZg6Ax6y"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "response = model.generate_content(\"What are the things that happened with tesla in 2024?\")\n",
        "print(response.text)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 191
        },
        "id": "jSbbIPQ_D7Vr",
        "outputId": "866307fa-60a6-4136-ca30-e6071074237f"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "I do not have access to real-time information, including events that have happened in the past. This means I can't tell you what happened with Tesla in 2024. \n",
            "\n",
            "To find information about Tesla in 2024, you can:\n",
            "\n",
            "* **Check reputable news sources:** Look at financial news websites, tech blogs, and major news outlets for articles about Tesla's performance in 2024.\n",
            "* **Visit Tesla's official website:** The Investor Relations section of Tesla's website will often have press releases and financial reports.\n",
            "* **Search for specific events:** If you're interested in a particular event, like a new product launch or a change in leadership, you can search for it online.\n",
            "\n",
            "Remember to be wary of unreliable sources and verify information from multiple sources. \n",
            "\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "question = \"What are the things that happened in 2024?\""
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "PvXyDI49DgNM"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Rag"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "583lfduW2j_o"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "response = model.generate_content(f\"Use the provided content:{content} to answer the following questions. {question}\")\n",
        "print(response.text)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 208
        },
        "id": "6_2qH5qQCXOO",
        "outputId": "4449fb10-a78d-444c-e2f9-7e14011add0b"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Here are the key events that happened in 2024 according to the provided text:\n",
            "\n",
            "* **Tesla moved its incorporation from Delaware to Texas.** (June 2024)\n",
            "* **Musk stated the Roadster and the Tesla next-generation vehicle should enter production in 2025.** (July 2024)\n",
            "* **Tesla abandoned its plan for next-generation gigacasting.** (May 2024)\n",
            "* **Tesla secured a deal with Tata Electronics to supply semiconductor chips.** (April 2024)\n",
            "* **Tesla laid off 10% of its employees.** (April 2024)\n",
            "* **Almost all major North America EV manufacturers announced plans to switch to Tesla's NACS adapters on their EVs by 2025.** (May 2023 to February 2024)\n",
            "\n",
            "The provided text doesn't give details about the reasons behind these events, so you might need to look for more recent sources to get a deeper understanding of the context. \n",
            "\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "###Search Grounding\n",
        "LLMs have a knowledge cut-off, meaning they can't access the latest world knowledge. This leads to problems such as misinformation, outdated responses, hallucinations, and other factuality issues. Grounding is absolutely essential for GenAI applications."
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ZWdesuF5KfJz"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Define the Jina Reader API endpoint\n",
        "api_url_grounding = \"https://s.jina.ai\"\n",
        "\n",
        "api_key = api_key\n",
        "question = \"who will most likely win US Election 2024?\"  # Replace with the Question"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "H6yS0WvJxGZn"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Make a request to Jina Reader API\n",
        "headers = {\"Authorization\": f\"Bearer {api_key}\"}\n",
        "response = requests.get(f\"{api_url_grounding}/{question}\", headers=headers)\n",
        "\n",
        "if response.status_code == 200:\n",
        "    content = response.text\n",
        "    print(\"Extracted content:\", content)\n",
        "else:\n",
        "    print(\"Failed to scrape the content\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "DYt_USDYxU_e",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "outputId": "f0d99634-c206-4970-fc93-b7944ebf0b2e"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Extracted content: [1] Title: Who Is Favored To Win The 2024 Presidential Election? | FiveThirtyEight\n",
            "[1] URL Source: https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2024-election-forecast/\n",
            "[1] Description: 538’s 2024 presidential <strong>election</strong> forecast model showing Democrat Kamala Harris’s and Republican Donald Trump’s chances of <strong>winning</strong>.\n",
            "\n",
            "\n",
            "[2] Title: Tracking the Swing States for Harris and Trump - The New York Times\n",
            "[2] URL Source: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/us/elections/presidential-election-swing-states.html\n",
            "[2] Description: The presidential race <strong>will</strong> <strong>most</strong> <strong>likely</strong> come down to voters in eight states that remain competitive.\n",
            "\n",
            "\n",
            "[3] Title: 2024 Presidential Election Predictions | The Hill and DDHQ\n",
            "[3] URL Source: https://elections2024.thehill.com/forecast/2024/president/\n",
            "[3] Description: Decision Desk HQ and The Hill’s ultimate hub for polls, predictions, and election results. ... Our model currently predicts that <strong>Kamala Harris</strong> has a 53% chance of winning the Presidency. ... The 2024 race for the White House remains exceptionally close. Pending an October surprise, this past ...\n",
            "\n",
            "\n",
            "[4] Title: Who will win the 2024 US election? Polls and latest predictions\n",
            "[4] URL Source: https://www.thetimes.com/world/us-world/article/who-win-election-2024-polls-predictions-odds-president-7d0ff29db\n",
            "[4] Description: With a month until Americans vote, <strong>Harris, the Democratic nominee</strong>, is polling ahead of Trump, the Republican candidate. However, this may only just be enough to win the crucial swing states that will decide the election in the electoral college.\n",
            "\n",
            "\n",
            "[5] Title: 2024 United States presidential election\n",
            "[5] URL Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election\n",
            "[5] Description: Polling also found 56% of Republicans ... who stated they were more <strong>likely</strong> to vote for Trump. Trump has been noted for attempting to delay his trials until after the November <strong>election</strong>. If Trump <strong>wins</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>election</strong> in November, then on January 20, <strong>2025</strong>, Trump could order a new attorney ...\n",
            "[5] Published Time: 2015-10-18T10:50:21Z\n",
            "[5] Markdown Content:\n",
            "2024 United States presidential election\n",
            "\n",
            "![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png)\n",
            "\n",
            "* * *\n",
            "\n",
            "← [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election \"2020 United States presidential election\")\n",
            "\n",
            "**November 5, 2024**\n",
            "\n",
            "_2028_ →\n",
            "\n",
            "* * *\n",
            "\n",
            "538 members of the [Electoral College](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College \"United States Electoral College\")  \n",
            "270 electoral votes needed to win\n",
            "\n",
            "[Opinion polls](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Nationwide opinion polling for the 2024 United States presidential election\")\n",
            "\n",
            " \n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Kamala_Harris_Vice_Presidential_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Kamala_Harris_Vice_Presidential_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kamala_Harris_Vice_Presidential_Portrait_/(cropped/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg/150px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Donald_Trump_official_portrait_/(3x4a/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Nominee\n",
            "\n",
            "[Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Donald Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Party\n",
            "\n",
            "[Democratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Republican](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_/(United_States/) \"Republican Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Home state\n",
            "\n",
            "[California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California \"California\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Florida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida \"Florida\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Running mate\n",
            "\n",
            "[Tim Walz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Walz \"Tim Walz\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[JD Vance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JD_Vance \"JD Vance\")\n",
            "\n",
            "* * *\n",
            "\n",
            "![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/ElectoralCollege2024.svg/348px-ElectoralCollege2024.svg.png)[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege2024.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "2024 electoral map, based on the results of the [2020 census](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_census \"2020 United States census\")\n",
            "\n",
            "* * *\n",
            "\n",
            "**Incumbent President**[Joe Biden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden \"Joe Biden\")  \n",
            "[Democratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "  \n",
            "\n",
            "The **2024 United States presidential election** will be the 60th quadrennial [presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election \"United States presidential election\"), set to be held on Tuesday, November 5, 2024.[\\[1\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-1) Voters in [each state](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_the_U.S. \"States of the U.S.\") and the [District of Columbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_the_District_of_Columbia \"Elections in the District of Columbia\") will choose [electors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_Two_of_the_United_States_Constitution \"Article Two of the United States Constitution\") to the [Electoral College](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College \"United States Electoral College\"), who will then elect a [president](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States \"President of the United States\") and [vice president](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States \"Vice President of the United States\") for a term of four years.\n",
            "\n",
            "The incumbent president, [Joe Biden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden \"Joe Biden\"), a member of the [Democratic Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\"), initially [ran for re-election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden_2024_presidential_campaign \"Joe Biden 2024 presidential campaign\") and became the party's [presumptive nominee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presumptive_nominee \"Presumptive nominee\"), facing little opposition.[\\[2\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-2)[\\[3\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-3) However, Biden's performance in the [presidential debate held in June 2024](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_debates#June_27:_First_presidential_debate_\\(CNN,_Atlanta\\) \"2024 United States presidential debates\") intensified [concerns about his age and health](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_and_health_concerns_about_Joe_Biden \"Age and health concerns about Joe Biden\"), and led to [calls within his party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Democrats_who_opposed_the_Joe_Biden_2024_presidential_campaign \"List of Democrats who opposed the Joe Biden 2024 presidential campaign\") for him to leave the race.[\\[4\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-4) Although he was initially adamant he would remain in the race, [Biden withdrew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Joe_Biden_from_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election\") on July 21 and endorsed Vice President [Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\"), who [became the party's nominee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign \"Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign\") on August 5. Harris [selected](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection \"2024 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection\") [Tim Walz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Walz \"Tim Walz\"), the [governor of Minnesota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota \"Governor of Minnesota\"), as her running mate. Biden's withdrawal makes him the first eligible incumbent president since [Lyndon B. Johnson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson \"Lyndon B. Johnson\") in [1968](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson_from_the_1968_United_States_presidential_election \"Withdrawal of Lyndon B. Johnson from the 1968 United States presidential election\") not to run for re-election, and the first to withdraw after securing enough delegates to win the nomination.[\\[5\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-5) Harris is the first nominee who did not participate in the [primaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_primary \"United States presidential primary\") since Vice President [Hubert Humphrey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey \"Hubert Humphrey\"), also in 1968.[\\[6\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-6)\n",
            "\n",
            "Biden's predecessor, [Donald Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\"), a member of the [Republican Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_/(United_States/) \"Republican Party (United States)\"), is [running for re-election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\") for a second, non-consecutive term, after losing to Biden in [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election \"2020 United States presidential election\").[\\[7\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-7) Other than Trump, only [Nikki Haley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikki_Haley \"Nikki Haley\"), a former [U.S. ambassador to the United Nations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations \"U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations\") and a former [governor of South Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_South_Carolina \"Governor of South Carolina\"), received significant support during the [Republican Party's primaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries \"2024 Republican Party presidential primaries\"). Trump was nominated during the [2024 Republican National Convention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention \"2024 Republican National Convention\") along with his running mate, [Ohio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio \"Ohio\") senator [JD Vance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JD_Vance \"JD Vance\"). Trump has made many [false and misleading statements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_or_misleading_statements_by_Donald_Trump \"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump\"),[\\[8\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Los_Angeles_Times-2024-8)[\\[9\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Washington_Post-2024-2-9)[\\[10\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Washington_Post-2024-10) engaged in [fearmongering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fearmongering \"Fearmongering\"),[\\[a\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Fearmongering-11) and promoted [conspiracy theories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_conspiracy_theories_promoted_by_Donald_Trump \"List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump\"),[\\[11\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Associated_Press-2023-12)[\\[12\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2022-13) including [false claims](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election#False_claims_of_fraud \"2020 United States presidential election\") that the 2020 election was stolen from him which prompted the [January 6 Capitol attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6_Capitol_attack \"January 6 Capitol attack\").[\\[13\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-2-14) The Republican Party has made efforts to [disrupt the 2024 presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_efforts_to_disrupt_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Republican Party efforts to disrupt the 2024 United States presidential election\") as part of a larger [election denial movement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_denial_movement_in_the_United_States \"Election denial movement in the United States\"). In 2023 and 2024 Trump was found liable and guilty in civil and criminal proceedings, respectively, [for sexual abuse, defamation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._Jean_Carroll_v._Donald_J._Trump \"E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump\"), [financial fraud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_business_fraud_lawsuit_against_the_Trump_Organization \"New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization\"), and [falsifying business records](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_in_New_York \"Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York\"), becoming the first U.S. president to be convicted of a crime.[\\[14\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-ABC_News-2024-2-15) Trump survived [two assassination attempts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_assassination_attempts_and_plots#Donald_Trump \"List of United States presidential assassination attempts and plots\") during the campaign.[\\[15\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Pennsylvania_Assassination-16)[\\[16\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Florida_Assassination-17)\n",
            "\n",
            "The presidential election will take place at the same time as [elections for the U.S. Senate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_elections \"2024 United States Senate elections\"), [House](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections \"2024 United States House of Representatives elections\"), [gubernatorial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_gubernatorial_elections \"2024 United States gubernatorial elections\"), and [state legislatures](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_legislature_/(United_States/) \"State legislature (United States)\"). Key swing states for the presidential election include [Arizona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona \"2024 United States presidential election in Arizona\"), [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia \"2024 United States presidential election in Georgia\"), [Michigan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan \"2024 United States presidential election in Michigan\"), [Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada \"2024 United States presidential election in Nevada\"), [North Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina \"2024 United States presidential election in North Carolina\"), [Pennsylvania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania \"2024 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania\"), and [Wisconsin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin \"2024 United States presidential election in Wisconsin\").[\\[17\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-BBC-2024-18) Leading campaign issues are [abortion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States \"Abortion in the United States\"),[\\[18\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-19)[\\[19\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-20)[\\[20\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-21) [border security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_border_security_concerns \"United States border security concerns\") and [immigration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_in_the_United_States \"Immigration in the United States\"),[\\[21\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-NBC-2024-22)[\\[22\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-23) [climate change](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change \"Climate change\"),[\\[23\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Portland_Press_Herald-2024-24)[\\[24\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-25) [democracy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_backsliding_in_the_United_States \"Democratic backsliding in the United States\"),[\\[25\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-26)[\\[26\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-27) the [economy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States \"Economy of the United States\"),[\\[27\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-28) [education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States \"Education in the United States\"),[\\[28\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-29) [foreign policy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_United_States \"Foreign policy of the United States\"),[\\[29\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-30) [healthcare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_States \"Healthcare in the United States\"),[\\[30\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-3-31) and [LGBTQ rights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBTQ_rights_in_the_United_States \"LGBTQ rights in the United States\").[\\[31\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-32) The winners are scheduled to be [inaugurated on January 20, 2025](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_United_States_presidential_inauguration \"2025 United States presidential inauguration\"), as the [47th](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States \"List of presidents of the United States\") president and [50th](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States \"List of vice presidents of the United States\") vice president of the United States.\n",
            "\n",
            "Background\n",
            "----------\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/President_Joe_Biden_delivers_remarks_from_the_Oval_Office_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-President_Joe_Biden_delivers_remarks_from_the_Oval_Office_%28cropped%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:President_Joe_Biden_delivers_remarks_from_the_Oval_Office_/(cropped/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Joe Biden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden \"Joe Biden\"), the incumbent president, whose term expires in January 2025\n",
            "\n",
            "### Procedure\n",
            "\n",
            "[Article Two](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_Two_of_the_United_States_Constitution \"Article Two of the United States Constitution\") of the [United States Constitution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution \"United States Constitution\") states that for a person to serve as president, the individual must be a [natural-born citizen of the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-born-citizen_clause_/(United_States/) \"Natural-born-citizen clause (United States)\"), be at least 35 years old, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years. The [Twenty-second Amendment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-second_Amendment \"Twenty-second Amendment\") forbids any person from being elected president more than twice. Major party candidates seek the nomination through a series of [primary elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_election \"Primary election\") that select the delegates who choose the candidate at the party's national convention. Each party's national convention chooses a vice presidential [running mate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Running_mate \"Running mate\") to form that party's [ticket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ticket_/(election/) \"Ticket (election)\"). The nominee for president usually picks the running mate, who is then ratified by the delegates at the party's convention. If no candidate wins a majority of their party's delegates' votes, or (in this election) a party's presumptive nominee drops out of the race between the primaries and the convention, a [brokered convention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brokered_convention \"Brokered convention\") may be held: the delegates are then \"released\" and are free to switch their allegiance to a different candidate.[\\[32\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-33)\n",
            "\n",
            "The general election in November is an indirect election, in which voters cast ballots for a slate of members of the [Electoral College](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_College_/(United_States/) \"Electoral College (United States)\"); these electors then directly elect the president and vice president.[\\[33\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-34)\n",
            "\n",
            "Election offices are dealing with increased workloads and public scrutiny. Officials in many states have sought additional funding to hire more personnel, improve security, and extend training. Numerous election offices are dealing with an increase in retirements and public record demands, owing in part to the electoral mistrust planted by former President Donald Trump's loss in the 2020 election.[\\[34\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-35)[\\[35\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-36)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump is the first president in American history to be [impeached twice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump \"Efforts to impeach Donald Trump\"), and the first to run again after impeachment. Trump was [first impeached](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump \"First impeachment of Donald Trump\") by the [Democratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\")\\-controlled House of Representatives in December 2019 for [abuse of power](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuse_of_power \"Abuse of power\") and [obstruction of Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstruction_of_Congress \"Obstruction of Congress\") due to his [attempts to coerce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump-Ukraine_scandal \"Trump-Ukraine scandal\") Ukraine to provide damaging information on Joe Biden and misinformation regarding [Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections \"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections\") by withholding military aid.[\\[36\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-37) Trump's [second impeachment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump \"Second impeachment of Donald Trump\") by the House occurred on January 13, 2021, for \"[incitement of insurrection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incitement_of_insurrection \"Incitement of insurrection\")\" owing to his role in the [January 6 United States Capitol attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack \"January 6 United States Capitol attack\"). As Trump was acquitted by the Senate in both cases, Trump is not barred from seeking reelection to the presidency in 2024.[\\[37\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-38)\n",
            "\n",
            "The [Colorado Supreme Court](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado_Supreme_Court \"Colorado Supreme Court\"),[\\[38\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-39) a state Circuit Court in [Illinois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois \"Illinois\"),[\\[39\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-40) and the [Secretary of State of Maine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Maine \"Secretary of State of Maine\")[\\[40\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Kazarian,_Grace-2023-41) ruled that [Trump is ineligible to hold office](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_presidential_eligibility_of_Donald_Trump \"2024 presidential eligibility of Donald Trump\") under Section 3 of the [Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution \"Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution\") for his role in the [January 6 Capitol attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6_Capitol_attack \"January 6 Capitol attack\"), and as such, attempted to disqualify him from appearing on the ballot.[\\[41\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-42)[\\[40\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Kazarian,_Grace-2023-41) These attempts were unsuccessful, as on March 4, 2024, the [United States Supreme Court](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court \"United States Supreme Court\") [unanimously ruled](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump_v._Anderson \"Trump v. Anderson\") that states cannot determine eligibility for a national election under Section 3.[\\[42\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-43)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Election interference\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Donald Trump's false claims of interference\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/20240524_Trump_groundwork_for_election_denial.svg/200px-20240524_Trump_groundwork_for_election_denial.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20240524_Trump_groundwork_for_election_denial.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "To sow election doubt, Trump escalated use of \"rigged election\" and \"election interference\" statements in advance of the 2024 election compared to the previous two elections. The statements have been described as part of a \"heads I win; tails you cheated\" rhetorical strategy.[\\[43\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-6-44)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has made false claims of [voter fraud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voter_fraud \"Voter fraud\") in the [2020 presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election \"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election\"), and has continued denying the election results as of September 2024.[\\[44\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-45)[\\[45\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-46) Election security experts have warned that officials who deny the legitimacy of the 2020 presidential election, may attempt to impede the voting process, or refuse to certify the 2024 results.[\\[46\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-47) _The New York Times_ has reported that \"the Republican Party and its conservative allies are engaged in an unprecedented legal campaign targeting the American voting system\", by restricting voting for partisan advantage ahead of Election Day and preparing to mount \"legally dubious\" challenges against the certification process if Trump loses.[\\[47\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-48) In the lead up to the 2024 election, the Republican Party has made false claims of massive \"noncitizen voting\" by immigrants, in an attempt to delegitimize the election in the event of a Trump defeat.[\\[48\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-49)[\\[49\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-50)[\\[50\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-51)\n",
            "\n",
            "The claims have been made as part of larger [Republican Party efforts to disrupt the 2024 United States presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_efforts_to_disrupt_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Republican Party efforts to disrupt the 2024 United States presidential election\") and [election denial movement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_denial_movement_in_the_United_States \"Election denial movement in the United States\").[\\[51\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-52) Trump has continued spreading his \"[Big Lie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_lie#Donald_Trump's_lies_of_a_stolen_election \"Big lie\")\" of a [stolen election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election#False_claims_of_fraud \"2020 United States presidential election\") and has predicted without evidence that the 2024 election would be rigged against him. Trump has baselessly claimed some version of \"election interference\" against him roughly once per day since announcing his 2024 candidacy. Trump has falsely accused Biden of \"weaponizing\" the Justice Department to target him in relation to his [criminal trials](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indictments_against_Donald_Trump \"Indictments against Donald Trump\").[\\[43\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-6-44) Trump and several Republicans have stated they will not accept the results of the 2024 election if they believe they are \"unfair.\"[\\[52\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-53)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump's previous comments suggesting he can \"terminate\" the Constitution to reverse his election loss,[\\[53\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-54)[\\[54\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-55) his claim that he would only be a dictator on \"day one\" of his presidency and not after,[\\[b\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-62) his promise to use the Justice Department to go after his political enemies,[\\[61\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-63) his plan to use the [Insurrection Act of 1807](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurrection_Act_of_1807 \"Insurrection Act of 1807\") to deploy the military in Democratic cities and states,[\\[62\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-64)[\\[63\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-65) [attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election \"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election\"), continued [Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_efforts_to_restrict_voting_following_the_2020_presidential_election \"Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 presidential election\"), Trump's baseless predictions of voter fraud in the 2024 election,[\\[64\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-66) and Trump's public embrace and celebration of the [January 6 United States Capitol attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack \"January 6 United States Capitol attack\"),[\\[65\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-67) have raised concerns over the state of democracy in America.[\\[66\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-68)[\\[67\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-69)[\\[68\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-70)[\\[69\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-71) Trump's political operation said that it plans to deploy more than 100,000 attorneys and volunteers to polling places across battleground states, with an \"election integrity hotline\" for poll watchers and voters to report alleged voting irregularities.[\\[70\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-72)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Interference by foreign nations\n",
            "\n",
            "Before the election, current and former U.S. officials stated that foreign interference in the 2024 election was likely. Three major factors cited were \"America's deepening domestic political crises, the collapse of controversial attempts to control political speech on social media, and the rise of generative [AI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence \"Artificial intelligence\").\"[\\[71\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-73) [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China \"China\"), [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia \"Russia\"), and [Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran \"Iran\") have since all been identified as mounting influence operations and attempts to interfere with the 2024 election. US intelligence officials have described the efforts as part of broader efforts by authoritarian nations to use the internet to erode support for democracy.[\\[72\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Klepper_09032024-74)\n",
            "\n",
            "##### China\n",
            "\n",
            "China has been identified as interfering with the 2024 election through propaganda and disinformation campaigns linked to its [Spamouflage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spamouflage \"Spamouflage\") operation. US intelligence agencies described the effort as not targeting any particular candidate, but focusing on issues important to Beijing such as Taiwan, and \"undermining confidence in elections, voting, and the U.S. in general.\"[\\[72\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Klepper_09032024-74) As early as April 1, 2024, _The New York Times_ reported that the Chinese government had created fake pro-Trump accounts on social media \"promoting conspiracy theories, stoking domestic divisions and attacking President Biden ahead of the election in November.\"[\\[73\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-75)\n",
            "\n",
            "##### Russia\n",
            "\n",
            "According to disinformation experts and intelligence agencies, Russia spread disinformation ahead of the 2024 election to damage Joe Biden and Democrats, boost candidates supporting isolationism, and undercut support for Ukraine aid and NATO.[\\[74\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-76)[\\[75\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-77) On September 4, 2024, the United States publicly accused Russia of interfering in the 2024 election and announced several steps to combat Russian influence including [sanctions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine \"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine\"), indictments, and seizing of web domains used to spread propaganda and disinformation. American intelligence agencies have assessed that Russia prefers Trump to win the election, viewing him as more critical of U.S. support for Ukraine.[\\[76\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-78)\n",
            "\n",
            "##### Iran\n",
            "\n",
            "Iran has been identified as [interfering with the 2024 presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_interference_in_the_2024_United_States_elections \"Iranian interference in the 2024 United States elections\") through front companies connected to the [Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps \"Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps\") through hacking attempts against the Trump, Biden, and Harris campaigns starting as early as May 2024.[\\[77\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-USA_Today-2024-79) Iran has launched propaganda and disinformation campaigns through fake news websites and accounts on social media to tip the election against former president Trump, although it has also targeted both Biden and Harris. _The New York Times_ stated the efforts were an attempt at \"sowing internal discord and discrediting the democratic system in the United States more broadly in the eyes of the world.\"[\\[78\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-80)[\\[77\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-USA_Today-2024-79)[\\[79\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-81)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Criminal trials and indictments against Donald Trump\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has been found liable in civil proceedings for both [sexual abuse and defamation in 2023 and defamation in 2024](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._Jean_Carroll_v._Donald_J._Trump \"E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump\"), while also being [criminally convicted of 34 felonies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_in_New_York \"Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York\") related to [falsifying business records](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsifying_business_records \"Falsifying business records\"), expected to be an issue during the campaign. He has [four criminal indictments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indictments_against_Donald_Trump \"Indictments against Donald Trump\") totaling 91 felony counts and [there are other lawsuits against Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_and_business_legal_affairs_of_Donald_Trump \"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump\").[\\[80\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-82) On May 30, Trump was found guilty by a jury of all 34 felony counts in _[The People of the State of New York v. Donald J. Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_People_of_the_State_of_New_York_v._Donald_J._Trump \"The People of the State of New York v. Donald J. Trump\")_ over falsifying business records for [hush money](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hush_money \"Hush money\") payments to adult film star [Stormy Daniels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormy_Daniels \"Stormy Daniels\"), to ensure her silence about [a sexual encounter between them](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormy_Daniels%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_scandal \"Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal\"), to influence the 2016 presidential election. This makes Trump the first former U.S. president to be convicted of a crime in American history.[\\[81\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-83) Trump and many Republicans have made numerous false and misleading statements regarding Trump's criminal trials, including false claims that they are \"rigged\" or \"election interference\" orchestrated by Joe Biden and the Democratic Party, of which there is no evidence.[\\[82\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-4-84)[\\[43\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-6-44)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Classified_intelligence_material_found_during_search_of_Mar-a-Lago.jpg/220px-Classified_intelligence_material_found_during_search_of_Mar-a-Lago.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Classified_intelligence_material_found_during_search_of_Mar-a-Lago.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Classified intelligence material found inside Mar-a-Lago\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump faces an additional 57 felony counts; four counts in a _[United States of America v. Donald J. Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_/(election_obstruction_case/) \"Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (election obstruction case)\")_ for his alleged role in attempting to [overturn the 2020 United States presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election \"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election\") and involvement in the [January 6 United States Capitol attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack \"January 6 United States Capitol attack\"); 10 counts in _[The State of Georgia v. Donald J. Trump, et al.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_State_of_Georgia_v._Donald_J._Trump,_et_al. \"The State of Georgia v. Donald J. Trump, et al.\")_ for his alleged attempts to overturn the results of the [2020 United States presidential election in Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia \"2020 United States presidential election in Georgia\"); 40 counts in _[United States of America v. Donald J. Trump, Waltine Nauta, and Carlos De Oliveira](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_/(classified_documents_case/) \"Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (classified documents case)\")_ relating to his [hoarding of classified documents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI_search_of_Mar-a-Lago \"FBI search of Mar-a-Lago\") and alleged obstruction of efforts to retrieve them.[\\[83\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-85)\n",
            "\n",
            "In addition to his indictments, on May 9, 2023, Trump was found liable by an anonymous jury[\\[84\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-86) for [sexual abuse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_abuse \"Sexual abuse\")[\\[85\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-87) in _[E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._Jean_Carroll_v._Donald_J._Trump \"E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump\")_ and ordered to pay a total of $88.3 million combined for damages and defamation.[\\[86\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-88)[\\[87\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-89)[\\[88\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-90) In September 2023, Trump was found [guilty of financial fraud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_business_fraud_lawsuit_against_the_Trump_Organization \"New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization\") and ordered to pay a $457 million judgement currently on appeal.[\\[89\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Reuters-2024-91)\n",
            "\n",
            "According to an April 2024 [Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")/[Ipsos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipsos \"Ipsos\") poll, the percentage of registered voters who found Trump's charges somewhat to very serious in the federal elections case was 74%, 72% in the Georgia case, 69% in the classified documents case, and 64% in the New York hush money case.[\\[90\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-92) Nearly a quarter of Republican voters said they would not vote for Trump if found guilty of a felony by a jury.[\\[89\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Reuters-2024-91) Following his hush money conviction, 15% of likely Republican voters and 49% of independents stated they wanted Trump to drop out, and 54% of registered voters approved of the jury's decision.[\\[91\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-93) Polling also found 56% of Republicans who were unchanged by the verdict, and 35% of Republicans and 18% of independents who stated they were more likely to vote for Trump.[\\[92\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-94)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has been noted for attempting to delay his trials until after the November election. If Trump wins the election in November, then on January 20, 2025, Trump could order a new attorney general to dismiss the federal charges he is facing, prevent the state charges from taking affect through a variety of methods, and issue a presidential self-pardon.[\\[93\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-95)[\\[94\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-96)\n",
            "\n",
            "On July 1, 2024, the US Supreme Court delivered its 6–3 decision in _[Trump v. United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump_v._United_States_/(2024/) \"Trump v. United States (2024)\")_, along ideological lines, ruling that Trump had absolute immunity for acts he committed as president within his core constitutional purview, at least presumptive immunity for official acts within the outer perimeter of his official responsibility, and no immunity for unofficial acts.[\\[95\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-97)[\\[96\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-98)[\\[97\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-99) Thus, Trump's sentencing date for his convictions in New York was delayed from July to September 2024,[\\[98\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-100) and then to November 26,[\\[99\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-101) and the trial dates in Trump's other cases will likely be delayed as well, to review the applicability of the Supreme Court's decision.[\\[100\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-102)[\\[101\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-103)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Age and health concerns\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Joe Biden\n",
            "\n",
            "Former Republican president [Donald Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\") and mass media raised concerns about President Biden's age, including his cognitive state, during and after the [2020 United States presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election \"2020 United States presidential election\"). These concerns increased after a poor performance by Biden during [a debate against Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_2024_United_States_presidential_debate \"June 2024 United States presidential debate\") in the 2024 presidential election, which led a number of commentators and some [Democratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\") lawmakers to call for Biden to drop out of the 2024 presidential race.[\\[102\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-104) He later [withdrew his candidacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Joe_Biden_from_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election\") while stating that he would continue serving as president until the conclusion of his term.[\\[103\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-105)\n",
            "\n",
            "According to a February 2024 poll, Biden's age and health were major or moderate concerns for 86% of voters generally,[\\[104\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-106) up from 76% earlier in 2020.[\\[105\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-107) According to another 2024 poll, most of those who voted for Biden in 2020 said they believed he was too old to be an effective president; _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_ noted that these concerns \"cut across generations, gender, race and education\".[\\[106\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-108)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Donald Trump\n",
            "\n",
            "According to polling released in July and August, a majority of voters polled after the first debate think Trump is too old to serve a second term (51%,[\\[107\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Independent-2024-109) 57%,[\\[108\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-110) and 60%[\\[109\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-111)), with 80% unsure he would be able to finish out a second term.[\\[107\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Independent-2024-109) During and after Trump's presidency, comments on his age, weight, lifestyle and history of heart disease have raised questions about his physical health.[\\[110\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-wapojuly22-112) In addition, numerous public figures, media sources, and mental health professionals have speculated that Trump may have some form of [dementia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia \"Dementia\"), which runs in his family.[\\[110\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-wapojuly22-112) Experts for the science publication [STAT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat_/(website/) \"Stat (website)\") who analyzed changes in Trump's speeches between 2015 and 2024 noted shorter sentences, more tangents, more repetition and more confusion of words and phrases. The doctors suggested it could just be due to changes in mood or it could indicate the beginning of [Alzheimer's](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease \"Alzheimer's disease\").[\\[111\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_Republic-2024-113) The sharp rise in [all-or-nothing thinking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-or-nothing_thinking \"All-or-nothing thinking\") is also linked to [cognitive decline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_decline \"Cognitive decline\").[\\[111\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_Republic-2024-113) _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_ reported that Trump's 2024 speeches had grown \"darker, harsher, longer, angrier, less focused, more profane and increasingly fixated on the past\" and that experts considered this increase in [tangential speech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangential_speech \"Tangential speech\") and [behavioral disinhibition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinhibition \"Disinhibition\") as a possible consequence of advancing age and cognitive decline.[\\[112\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-114) Trump has also been criticized for his lack of transparency around his medical records and health.[\\[113\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-115)[\\[110\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-wapojuly22-112)\n",
            "\n",
            "_The New York Times_ and _[Los Angeles Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")_[\\[114\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-116) editorial boards also declared Trump unfit to lead, pointing to what former Trump officials \"have described as his systematic dishonesty, [corruption](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Donald_Trump#Ethics \"Presidency of Donald Trump\"), cruelty and incompetence.\"[\\[115\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-117)[\\[116\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-118) Donald Trump has also been [criticized for his hiring decisions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiring_and_personnel_concerns_about_Donald_Trump \"Hiring and personnel concerns about Donald Trump\"),[\\[117\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-119)[\\[118\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-120) and noted for his unusual criminal record.[\\[119\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-121)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Political violence and threats\n",
            "\n",
            "[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:President_Biden_Addresses_the_Nation,_July_14,_2024_/(no_ASL/).webm \"Play video\")[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:President_Biden_Addresses_the_Nation,_July_14,_2024_/(no_ASL/).webm)\n",
            "\n",
            "On July 14, Biden gave an address condemning political violence, including the attempted assassination of Trump, arguing for the need to \"lower the temperature\" in American politics.\n",
            "\n",
            "Several scholars, lawmakers, intelligence agencies, and the public have expressed concerns about political violence surrounding the 2024 election.[\\[120\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-122)[\\[121\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-123) The fears come amidst increasing threats and acts of physical violence targeting public officials and election workers at all levels of government.[\\[122\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-124)[\\[123\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-125) Trump has been identified as a key figure in increasing political violence in America both for and against him.[\\[124\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-126)[\\[125\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Perspectives_on_Terrorism-2020-127)[\\[126\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-It's_About_Hate-2022-128) Trump has increasingly embraced extremism, conspiracy theories such as [Q-Anon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q-Anon \"Q-Anon\"), and far-right [militia movements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_militia_movement \"American militia movement\") to a greater extent than any modern American president.[\\[12\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2022-13)[\\[11\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Associated_Press-2023-12) Trump has espoused dehumanizing, combative, and violent rhetoric and promised retribution against his political enemies.[\\[133\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-135) Trump has played down but refused to rule out violence following the 2024 election, stating \"it depends\".[\\[134\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-136)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Assassination attempts\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Former_President_Donald_Trump_paying_respect_to_Corey_Comperatore_%2853887491621%29.jpg/220px-Former_President_Donald_Trump_paying_respect_to_Corey_Comperatore_%2853887491621%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Former_President_Donald_Trump_paying_respect_to_Corey_Comperatore_/(53887491621/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Donald Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\") standing alongside Corey Comperatore's fire department uniform while delivering his acceptance speech at the [2024 Republican National Convention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention \"2024 Republican National Convention\")\n",
            "\n",
            "On July 13, 2024, Trump survived an [assassination attempt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Pennsylvania \"Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania\") while addressing a [campaign rally](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campaign_rally \"Campaign rally\") near [Butler, Pennsylvania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler,_Pennsylvania \"Butler, Pennsylvania\").[\\[15\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Pennsylvania_Assassination-16) Trump was shot and wounded on his right ear by [Thomas Matthew Crooks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Matthew_Crooks \"Thomas Matthew Crooks\"), a 20-year-old man from [Bethel Park, Pennsylvania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethel_Park,_Pennsylvania \"Bethel Park, Pennsylvania\"),[\\[135\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-9-137)[\\[136\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-138) who fired eight rounds with an [AR-15–style rifle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AR-15%E2%80%93style_rifle \"AR-15–style rifle\") from the roof of a building located approximately 400 feet (120 meters) from the stage; the shots killed audience member Corey Comperatore and critically injured two other audience members.[\\[135\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-9-137) Seconds later Crooks was shot and killed by the [U.S. Secret Service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service_Uniformed_Division \"United States Secret Service Uniformed Division\")'s counter-sniper team.[\\[137\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-139) The motive and cause of the assassination attempt are still under investigation by authorities.[\\[138\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-140) On September 11, 2024, a bipartisan Senate report identified tech issues and other preventable mistakes by the Secret Service during the event.[\\[139\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-nbc25-141)\n",
            "\n",
            "On September 15, 2024, Trump survived [another assassination attempt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Florida \"Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Florida\") at [Trump International Golf Club](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump_International_Golf_Club_/(West_Palm_Beach,_Florida/) \"Trump International Golf Club (West Palm Beach, Florida)\") in [West Palm Beach, Florida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida \"West Palm Beach, Florida\"). The suspect did not fire his weapon, and no deaths or injuries were reported.[\\[16\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Florida_Assassination-17) The suspect, [Ryan Routh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan_Wesley_Routh \"Ryan Wesley Routh\"), is in custody.[\\[140\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-CNN_Sept-142)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Election workers\n",
            "\n",
            "Since the 2020 election and continuing into the 2024 election, the [election denial movement in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_denial_movement_in_the_United_States \"Election denial movement in the United States\") has prompted thousands of death threats directed at election workers and officials, with some receiving letters laced with [fentanyl](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fentanyl \"Fentanyl\").[\\[141\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-143) In September 2024, suspicious packages were sent to state election officials in Iowa, Kansas, Oklahoma, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nebraska, Tennessee, and Wyoming. This resulted in evacuations in several states. The inclusion of white powder in most of the packages mirrored the [2001 anthrax attacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_anthrax_attacks \"2001 anthrax attacks\"), but the substance in the Oklahoma delivery was identified as flour.[\\[142\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-144)\n",
            "\n",
            "Electoral map\n",
            "-------------\n",
            "\n",
            "### Effects of the 2020 census\n",
            "\n",
            "This will be the first presidential election to occur after the [reapportionment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_congressional_apportionment#Reapportionment \"United States congressional apportionment\") of votes in the [United States Electoral College](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College \"United States Electoral College\") following the [2020 United States census](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_census \"2020 United States census\").[\\[143\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-145)[\\[144\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-146) If the state results of 2020 were to stay the same in 2024, which has never occurred before, Democrats would have 303 electoral votes against the Republicans' 235, a slight change from Biden's 306 and Trump's 232, meaning Democrats lost a net 3 electoral votes to reapportionment. This apportionment will remain through the 2028 election. Reapportionment will be conducted again after the 2030 census.[\\[145\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-147)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Swing states\n",
            "\n",
            "Most states are not competitive because demographics keep them solidly behind a party. Because of the nature of the [Electoral College](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College \"United States Electoral College\"), this means a limited number of [swing states](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swing_states \"Swing states\")—competitive states that \"swing\" between the parties—are vital to winning the presidency. These are the [Rust Belt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust_Belt \"Rust Belt\") states of [Wisconsin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin \"Wisconsin\"), [Michigan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan \"Michigan\"), and [Pennsylvania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania \"Pennsylvania\"); and the [Sun Belt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Belt \"Sun Belt\") states of [Arizona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arizona \"Arizona\"), [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_/(U.S._state/) \"Georgia (U.S. state)\"), [Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevada \"Nevada\"), and [North Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina \"North Carolina\").[\\[17\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-BBC-2024-18)\n",
            "\n",
            "Due to gradual demographic shifts, some former swing states such as [Iowa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa \"Iowa\"), [Ohio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio \"Ohio\"), and [Florida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida \"Florida\") have shifted significantly towards the Republicans, while [Colorado](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado \"Colorado\"), [New Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico \"New Mexico\"), and [Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia \"Virginia\") have moved towards the Democrats.[\\[146\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-148) Arizona and Georgia have shifted from the Republicans and have become swing states.[\\[147\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-149)[\\[148\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-150) The Democratic electoral coalition, securing the \"blue states\" for Democratic presidential candidates, has had relatively high support among [Black voters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Americans \"African Americans\");[\\[149\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-151)[\\[150\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-152) voters who have graduated from college[\\[151\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-153) or who live in [urban areas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_area \"Urban area\").[\\[152\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-154) White voters [without college degrees](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States \"Educational attainment in the United States\") have steadily increased their support for Republican candidates since the 1970s, while decreasing as a proportion of the electorate.[\\[153\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-155) The traditional Republican coalition in \"red states\" is composed mainly of rural White voters, evangelicals, the elderly, and non-college educated voters.[\\[154\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-156) Republicans had performed well with [suburban](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suburban \"Suburban\"), [middle class](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_class \"Middle class\") voters since the 1950s, but this bloc has drifted away from them recently because of the rise of the [Make America Great Again](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again \"Make America Great Again\") movement.[\\[155\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-157) The acceleration of this trend has been credited with tipping the [2020 presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election \"2020 United States presidential election\") in favor of Democrat Joe Biden because the incumbent Trump underperformed in the suburbs for a Republican candidate.[\\[156\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-158)\n",
            "\n",
            "Campaign issues\n",
            "---------------\n",
            "\n",
            "### Campaign themes\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Harris campaign\n",
            "\n",
            "Harris has framed her campaign as \"a choice between freedom and chaos\" and based it around the ideals of \"freedom\" and \"the future\".[\\[157\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-159)[\\[158\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-160) The Harris campaign has sought to highlight her experience as an attorney general and a prosecutor to \"prosecute the case\" against Trump by pointing out his 34 felony convictions and the impacts of the overturning of [Roe v. Wade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roe_v._Wade \"Roe v. Wade\").[\\[159\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-161)[\\[160\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-162) Harris is running as a [moderate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factions_of_the_Democratic_Party_/(United_States/)#Moderates \"Factions of the Democratic Party (United States)\") Democrat who has moved towards the center on several policy positions since her 2019 primary run, embracing many of Biden's domestic policy stances.[\\[161\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-7-163) Harris has focused her economic proposals on the cost of [groceries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedflation#Grocery_prices \"Greedflation\"), [housing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_crisis#U.S._shortage_and_affordability_crisis \"Housing crisis\") and [healthcare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_prices_in_the_United_States \"Health care prices in the United States\").[\\[162\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-164) She also has centered the [middle class](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_class \"Middle class\"), and [small businesses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_business \"Small business\").[\\[163\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-165) Harris' campaign has been noted for having an optimistic and joyful tone.[\\[164\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-166)[\\[165\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-167) Harris responded to demands for more detailed policies by adding a policy page to the campaign website on September 8 on a range of topics, from labor unions to cost-of-living issues to health care.[\\[166\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-168)[\\[167\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-169)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Trump campaign\n",
            "\n",
            "A central campaign theme for Trump's second presidential bid is \"[retribution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revenge \"Revenge\")\".[\\[168\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-170)[\\[169\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-171) Trump announced the theme during his March 2023 speech at the [Conservative Political Action Conference](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Political_Action_Conference \"Conservative Political Action Conference\") (CPAC), stating \"In 2016, I declared, 'I am your voice.' Today, I add: I am your warrior. I am your justice. And for those who have been wronged and betrayed, I am your retribution. I am your retribution.\" Trump framed the 2024 election as \"the final battle,\" and openly promised to leverage the power of the presidency for [political reprisals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign#Investigation_and_arrest_of_political_rivals \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\"),[\\[170\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-172) though he has also stated his retribution \"will be success\".[\\[171\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-173) Trump is heavily running on immigration as a central campaign focus. Trump's campaign has focused on dark and apocalyptic rhetoric about the state of the country and predicting doom if he does not win.[\\[172\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-174)[\\[173\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-175)[\\[174\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Parker_03172024-176)[\\[175\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Washington_Post-2024-3-177) _The Associated Press_ states that \"Trump's rallies take on the symbols, rhetoric and agenda of [Christian nationalism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_nationalism#United_States \"Christian nationalism\").\"[\\[176\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-178) During his 2024 presidential campaign, Trump has made numerous [false and misleading statements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_or_misleading_statements_by_Donald_Trump#Campaign_for_2024_presidency \"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump\").[\\[8\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Los_Angeles_Times-2024-8)[\\[9\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Washington_Post-2024-2-9)[\\[10\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Washington_Post-2024-10) The large number of lies and false statements have been attributed to [Trump's rhetorical style](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetoric_of_Donald_Trump \"Rhetoric of Donald Trump\") described as using the [big lie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_lie \"Big lie\") and [firehose of falsehood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firehose_of_falsehood \"Firehose of falsehood\") propaganda technique.[\\[177\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-179)[\\[178\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-180) Trump has also made many [personal attacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign#Personal_attacks_against_Kamala_Harris \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\") against Harris,[\\[179\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-181) several of which are sexual in nature,[\\[180\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Gold_08282024-182) viewed as racist and misogynistic,[\\[181\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-183)[\\[182\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-184)[\\[183\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-185) and considered a continued breaking of norms regarding political speech.[\\[180\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Gold_08282024-182)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Abortion\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pro-ChoiceMarch_3792_%2852075189799%29.jpg/220px-Pro-ChoiceMarch_3792_%2852075189799%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pro-ChoiceMarch_3792_/(52075189799/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Abortion-rights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_abortion-rights_movement \"United States abortion-rights movement\") protestors in [Washington, D.C.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C. \"Washington, D.C.\"), on May 14, 2022, as part of the Bans Off Our Bodies protest following the [leaked draft opinion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women%27s_Health_Organization#Leaked_draft_opinion \"Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization\") overturning _[Roe v. Wade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roe_v._Wade \"Roe v. Wade\")_.\n",
            "\n",
            "[Abortion access](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States \"Abortion in the United States\") is a key topic during the campaign.[\\[184\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-186)[\\[21\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-NBC-2024-22) This is the first presidential election to be held in the aftermath of the 2022 _[Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women%27s_Health_Organization \"Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization\")_ decision, in which the Supreme Court overturned _[Roe v. Wade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roe_v._Wade \"Roe v. Wade\")_, leaving abortion law entirely to the states, including bans on abortion.[\\[185\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-187) The three justices appointed by former president Donald Trump—[Amy Coney Barrett](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett \"Amy Coney Barrett\"), [Brett Kavanaugh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh \"Brett Kavanaugh\"), and [Neil Gorsuch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch \"Neil Gorsuch\")—all voted to overturn the federal right to an abortion in _Dobbs_.[\\[186\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-188) By April 2023, most [Republican](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_/(United_States/) \"Republican Party (United States)\")\\-controlled states had passed near-total bans on abortion, rendering it largely illegal throughout [much of the southern United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_law_in_the_United_States_by_state \"Abortion law in the United States by state\"). According to the [Kaiser Family Foundation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaiser_Family_Foundation \"Kaiser Family Foundation\"), there are 15 states that have _de jure_ early-stage bans on abortion without exceptions for [rape](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnancy_from_rape \"Pregnancy from rape\") or [incest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incest \"Incest\").[\\[185\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-187)\n",
            "\n",
            "Abortion will be on the ballot in up to ten states in 2024, including the swing states of [Arizona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Arizona_Proposition_139 \"2024 Arizona Proposition 139\") and Nevada.[\\[187\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-189) Some pundits have argued abortion rights referenda could help Harris in November.[\\[188\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-190)[\\[189\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-191)[\\[190\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-192)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Democrats](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\") are predominantly supportive of viewing [abortion access as a right](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion-rights_movements \"Abortion-rights movements\")[\\[191\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-193) while Republican politicians generally favor [significantly restricting the legality of abortion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_law_in_the_United_States_by_state \"Abortion law in the United States by state\").[\\[192\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-194) Since becoming the presumptive nominee, Kamala Harris has indicated her support for passing legislation which would restore the federal abortion right protections previously guaranteed by _Roe_.[\\[193\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-195)[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) She argued Trump would let his anti-abortion allies implement [Project 2025 proposals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_2025#Women's_reproductive_health \"Project 2025\") to restrict abortion and contraception throughout the US.[\\[195\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-197)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has claimed credit for overturning _Roe_, but criticized Republicans pushing for total abortion bans.[\\[196\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-198)[\\[197\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-199) Trump has said he will leave the issue of abortion for the states to decide, but would allow red states to monitor women's pregnancies and prosecute them if they have an abortion.[\\[198\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Time-2024-200) In his home state of Florida, Trump said that he would vote No on [Amendment 4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Florida_Amendment_4 \"2024 Florida Amendment 4\"), an abortion rights referendum, preserving the six-week ban.[\\[199\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-201) The comment came after he initially criticized the six-week ban for being \"too short.\"[\\[200\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-202)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Border security and immigration\n",
            "\n",
            "Border security and immigration are among the top issues concerning potential voters in the election.[\\[201\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-203)[\\[202\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-204) Polling has shown that most Americans want to reduce immigration[\\[203\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-205) and that a substantial minority of white Republicans are concerned about [white demographic decline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_demographic_decline \"White demographic decline\").[\\[204\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-206) In 2023 and early 2024, a surge of migrants entering through the border with Mexico occurred.[\\[205\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-207) By June 2024, illegal crossings reached a three-year low following four consecutive monthly drops, which senior officials attributed to increased enforcement between the US and Mexico, the weather, and Biden's [executive order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Proclamation_on_Securing_the_Border \"A Proclamation on Securing the Border\") increasing asylum restrictions.[\\[206\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-208)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Attorney_General_Harris_Tours_U.S.-Mexico_Border_N2063_border_1.jpg/220px-Attorney_General_Harris_Tours_U.S.-Mexico_Border_N2063_border_1.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Attorney_General_Harris_Tours_U.S.-Mexico_Border_N2063_border_1.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Attorney General of California Kamala Harris at the border in 2011 to discuss strategies to combat transnational gang crime.\n",
            "\n",
            "Harris has promised to fight for \"strong border security\" coupled with an earned pathway to citizenship. Harris has highlighted her work in combating transnational gangs, drug cartels, and human traffickers while attorney general.[\\[207\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Politico-2024-209) In 2023, as vice president, Harris announced pledges of US$950 million from private companies into Central American communities to address the causes of mass migration, such as poverty.[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) Harris states she believes the immigration system is \"broken\" and needs to be fixed, and she says most Americans believe this.[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) Harris supports increasing the number of [Border Patrol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Border_Patrol \"United States Border Patrol\") agents and accuses Trump as being unserious on border security.[\\[208\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-210) While vice president, Harris supported a bipartisan bill which would have funded additional border agents and closed the border if too crowded, the bill was rejected by Trump. Trump called on House and Senate Republicans to kill the bill arguing it would hurt his and Republican's reelection campaigns and deny them the ability to run on immigration as a campaign issue.[\\[209\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-211)[\\[210\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-212)[\\[211\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-213)[\\[212\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-214)[\\[213\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-215)[\\[214\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-216) Harris has criticized Trump for his opposition to the bill on the campaign trail,[\\[207\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Politico-2024-209) and has promised to sign the bill into law as president.[\\[215\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-217)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/President_Trump_Travels_to_Arizona_%2850040937841%29.jpg/220px-President_Trump_Travels_to_Arizona_%2850040937841%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:President_Trump_Travels_to_Arizona_/(50040937841/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has pledged to finish [the wall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump_wall \"Trump wall\") on the southern border if elected.\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has stated that if elected, he would increase deportations, send the U.S. military to the border, expand ICE detentions through workplace raids,[\\[216\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-3-218) deputize local law enforcement to handle border security, increase Customs and Border Patrol funding as well as finish building the wall on the southern border.[\\[217\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-219) Trump has said he will deport both legal and illegal immigrants.[\\[218\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-220)[\\[219\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-221) _The New York Times_ reported that Trump is considering \"an extreme expansion of his first-term crackdown on immigration,\" such as \"preparing to round up undocumented people already in the United States on a vast scale and detain them in sprawling camps while they wait to be expelled.\"[\\[216\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-3-218) Trump has stated his intention to deport 11 million people through the construction of detention camps and using the military.[\\[198\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Time-2024-200) Trump has made false claims of a \"migrant crime wave\" that are not supported by data.[\\[220\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-222)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump's anti-immigrant [nativist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativism_/(politics/) \"Nativism (politics)\")[\\[221\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Bender_09252024-223) tone [has grown harsher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign#Violent_and_dehumanizing_statements_against_undocumented_immigrants \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\") from his previous time as president,[\\[216\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-3-218) and has used [fearmongering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fearmongering \"Fearmongering\"),[\\[a\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Fearmongering-11) racial streeotypes,[\\[221\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Bender_09252024-223) and more dehumanizing rhetoric when referring to illegal immigrants. Trump has called some immigrants \"not human\", \"not people\", and \"animals\".[\\[231\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Reuters-2024-2-233)[\\[232\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-234)[\\[233\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-235) Since fall 2023,[\\[234\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-5-236) Trump has claimed that immigrants are \"poisoning the blood of our country,\" which has drawn comparisons to [racial hygiene](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_hygiene \"Racial hygiene\") rhetoric used by white supremacists and Adolf Hitler.[\\[235\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-237)[\\[236\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-238)[\\[234\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-5-236)[\\[129\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-5-131) Trump's comments come as part of violent, dehumanizing rhetoric Trump has increasingly utilized during his campaign.[\\[125\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Perspectives_on_Terrorism-2020-127)[\\[231\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Reuters-2024-2-233)[\\[128\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-7-130)[\\[129\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-5-131)[\\[130\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Washington_Post-2023-132)[\\[131\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-2-133)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Climate change\n",
            "\n",
            "Climate change is expected to be an issue in the 2024 presidential election.[\\[23\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Portland_Press_Herald-2024-24)[\\[24\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-25) In 2023, the United States saw a record in crude oil production with over 13.2 million barrels of crude per day beating the 13 million barrels per day produced at the peak of Trump's presidency.[\\[237\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-239) America also dealt with supply shocks caused by the [2021–2024 global energy crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_energy_crisis_/(2021%E2%80%93present/) \"Global energy crisis (2021–present)\") due to the [COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\") and [Russian invasion of Ukraine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine \"Russian invasion of Ukraine\").[\\[238\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-240)\n",
            "\n",
            "Harris is an advocate for [environmental justice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_justice \"Environmental justice\") to address the impact of climate change on lower-income areas and people of color. Under Biden, she supported his climate legislation.[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) Harris helped pass the [Inflation Reduction Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation_Reduction_Act \"Inflation Reduction Act\"),[\\[239\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Hill-2024-241) the largest investment in addressing climate change and clean energy in US history[\\[240\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-242) putting the US on track to meet emissions reduction targets by 50–52% below 2005 levels by 2030.[\\[241\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-243) Harris's campaign has stated that she does not support a ban on [fracking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracking \"Fracking\").[\\[242\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-244)[\\[243\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-CNN-2024-245)[\\[161\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-7-163)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has [ridiculed the idea of man-made climate change](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_denial \"Climate change denial\")[\\[244\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-246)[\\[245\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-247)[\\[246\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-248) and repeatedly referred to his energy policy under the mantra \"[drill, baby, drill](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drill,_baby,_drill \"Drill, baby, drill\").\"[\\[247\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-249) Trump says he will increase oil drilling on public lands and offer tax breaks to oil, gas, and coal producers. Trump has stated his goal for the U.S. to have the lowest cost of electricity and energy of any country in the world.[\\[248\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-250) Trump has promised to roll back electric vehicle initiatives, proposed [once again](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Paris_Agreement \"United States withdrawal from the Paris Agreement\") leaving the [Paris Climate Accords](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Climate_Accords \"Paris Climate Accords\"), and rescinding several environmental regulations.[\\[248\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-250)[\\[249\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-251) Trump has stated his intention to roll back parts of the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act.[\\[250\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-252)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Democracy\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/2021_storming_of_the_United_States_Capitol_DSC09156_collage.png/200px-2021_storming_of_the_United_States_Capitol_DSC09156_collage.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2021_storming_of_the_United_States_Capitol_DSC09156_collage.png)\n",
            "\n",
            "Polling before the election has indicated profound dissatisfaction with the state of American democracy.[\\[251\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-253)[\\[252\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-254)[\\[253\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-255) [Liberals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States \"Modern liberalism in the United States\") tend to believe that [conservatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States \"Conservatism in the United States\") are threatening the country with [Christian nationalist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_nationalism#United_States \"Christian nationalism\") [autocratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocracy \"Autocracy\") tendencies and their attempts to overturn the 2020 election.[\\[254\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-256) Some Republicans are concerned that Trump's former [impeachment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump \"Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump\") and [four criminal indictments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indictments_against_Donald_Trump \"Indictments against Donald Trump\") are attempts to influence the election and keep him from office.[\\[255\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-257) However, there is no evidence that Trump's criminal trials are \"election interference\" orchestrated by Joe Biden and the Democratic Party.[\\[82\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-4-84)[\\[43\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-6-44) Trump has repeated [false claims](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election#False_claims_of_fraud \"2020 United States presidential election\") that the 2020 election was rigged and stolen from him.[\\[13\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-2-14)\n",
            "\n",
            "Donald Trump's 2024 campaign has been criticized by legal experts, historians, and political scientists for making [increasingly violent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign#Violent_and_dehumanizing_statements \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\") and [authoritarian statements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign#Authoritarian_and_antidemocratic_statements \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\"),[\\[256\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-4-258)[\\[257\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-2-259)[\\[258\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Guardian-2023-260) which some believe the Trump campaign is intentionally leaning into.[\\[259\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-261) Trump's platform calls for the vast expansion of presidential powers and the executive branch over every part of the federal government.[\\[260\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-262) Trump has called for [stripping employment protections for thousands of career civil service employees](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schedule_F_appointment \"Schedule F appointment\") and replacing them with political loyalists if deemed an \"obstacle to his agenda\" within federal agencies, the [United States Intelligence Community](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community \"United States Intelligence Community\"), [State Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State \"United States Department of State\"), and [Department of Defense](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense \"United States Department of Defense\").[\\[261\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-263) Trump has repeatedly stated his intention to have the Justice Department investigate and arrest his domestic political rivals, judges, prosecutors, and witnesses involved in his criminal trials.[\\[262\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-264)[\\[263\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-265)[\\[264\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-266) Trump has previously tried to prosecute his political rivals and would have fewer checks on his power in a second term.[\\[265\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-267) [Project 2025](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_2025 \"Project 2025\") is a proposed plan by the [Heritage Foundation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritage_Foundation \"Heritage Foundation\") to centralize power into the [executive branch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments \"United States federal executive departments\") for conservative policies to be enacted without input from the judicial branch, legislative branch or local government. The plan received some support from the Republican Party. The document was written in part by former members of the [Trump administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump_administration \"Trump administration\") such as [Russell Vought](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Vought \"Russell Vought\"), and [John McEntee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McEntee_/(political_aide/) \"John McEntee (political aide)\")[\\[266\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-268) while Donald Trump stated he is unfamiliar with parts of the plan.[\\[267\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-269)[\\[268\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-270)[\\[269\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-271)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump's campaign has been noted for using increasingly [dehumanizing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehumanization \"Dehumanization\") and violent rhetoric against his political enemies.[\\[125\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Perspectives_on_Terrorism-2020-127)[\\[231\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Reuters-2024-2-233)[\\[270\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-272)[\\[129\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-5-131)[\\[271\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-273)[\\[272\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-274) Trump has [promised to pardon those charged](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_proceedings_in_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack#Trump's_consideration_of_presidential_pardon \"Criminal proceedings in the January 6 United States Capitol attack\") for their involvement in the [January 6, 2021, Capitol attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack \"January 6 United States Capitol attack\") and has called those charged \"hostages\" and \"great, great patriots.\"[\\[273\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-275)[\\[274\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-276)[\\[275\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-277) Trump has played down but not ruled out violence after the 2024 election if he does not win, stating, \"it depends.\"[\\[276\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-278) Harris was tasked by Biden with protecting democracy through voting rights legislation through her work on the [For the People Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_the_People_Act \"For the People Act\"). Harris has supported efforts to defend election workers and counter [Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_efforts_to_restrict_voting_following_the_2020_presidential_election \"Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 presidential election\").[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) Harris has stated her support to pass the Freedom to Vote Act and [John Lewis Rights Voting Rights Advancement Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lewis_Voting_Rights_Act \"John Lewis Voting Rights Act\") if elected.[\\[277\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-279)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Economic issues\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Inflation_2018-2024_US_vs._EuroZone.png/200px-Inflation_2018-2024_US_vs._EuroZone.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Inflation_2018-2024_US_vs._EuroZone.png)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Post-covid inflation spike](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_inflation_surge#United_States \"2021–2023 inflation surge\") in the US (blue), and EuroZone (gray dash). Vertical gray line marks start of [COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\") in US\n",
            "\n",
            "Voters consistently cite economic issues as their top issue for the 2024 election. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, America went through a [surge in inflation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_inflation_surge#United_States \"2021–2023 inflation surge\") that raised prices on many goods.[\\[278\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-280)[\\[279\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-281)[\\[280\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-282) _The New York Times_ reports that both candidates \"embraced a vision of a powerful federal government, using its muscle to intervene in markets in pursuit of a stronger and more prosperous economy.\"[\\[281\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-8-283)\n",
            "\n",
            "Harris is running on a pro-union platform.[\\[282\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-284) She has promoted the passage of the [Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_Investment_and_Jobs_Act \"Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act\"), funding for small business, and previously supported an act as senator to provide a $6,000 tax credit for middle and low-income families.[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) Harris has promised to address [price gouging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_gouging \"Price gouging\"), bring down costs, ban hidden fees and late charges from financial institutions, limit \"unfair\" rent increases and cap prescription drug costs which she has said would \"lower costs and save many middle-class families thousands of dollars a year\".[\\[283\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-285)\n",
            "\n",
            "_The New York Times_ described Harris' economic policy as embracing \"the idea that the federal government must act aggressively to foster competition and correct distortions in private markets.\" Harris has proposed raising taxes on corporations and high-earners to fund services for the lower and middle classes and reduce the deficit.[\\[281\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-8-283) Harris has stated she supports increasing the top tier capital gains tax rate to 28%, up from 20% and lower than Biden's proposed 39.6%. Harris has stated her support for a Billionaire Minimum Income Tax, increasing the tax on stock buybacks to 4%, and a ten-fold tax reduction for small business ranging from $5,000 to $50,000 in relief.[\\[284\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-286) Harris also supports efforts to create a tax on unrealized gains for those with more than a $100 million in net worth if they do not pay a minimum 25% tax rate on their income inclusive of unrealized gains so long as 80% of said wealth is in tradeable assets. The plan would impact a small percentage of America's wealthy, and Axios reported most tech founders and investors would be spared.[\\[285\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-287) Harris has also announced support for restoring the corporate tax rate to 28% among several other tax proposals to raise taxes and close loopholes for corporations and the wealthy that would bring in $5 trillion in additional revenue over 10 years.[\\[286\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-288) Harris has also proposed tax breaks to companies delivering economic benefit, such as manufacturing technologies to fight global warming and building affordable housing. Harris has proposed a ban on corporate price gouging to \"help the food industry become more competitive.\"[\\[281\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-8-283) Harris has also expressed support for student debt relief,[\\[287\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-CNN-2024-2-289) and Harris says she supports raising the minimum wage.[\\[288\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-nytaug11-290)\n",
            "\n",
            "Harris says she will increase home construction to reduce housing costs, arguing that it negatively impacts the economy and hurts working-class families. Harris has proposed directing $40 billion to construction companies to build starter homes. Harris has promised to send $25,000 in down-payment assistance to every first time home buyer.[\\[281\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-8-283) Harris says she will urge Congress to enforce fair housing laws and pass a bill to bar property owners from using services that \"coordinate\" rents through the passage of the Preventing the Algorithmic Facilitation of Rental Housing Cartels Act, and also call on Congress to pass the Stop Predatory Investing Act by removing tax benefits to Wall Street firms that buy up large numbers of single-family homes.[\\[289\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-291)[\\[290\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-292)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Trump has proposed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign#Economy_and_trade \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\") further individual and corporate tax cuts beyond his prior 2017 tax cuts.[\\[291\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-293) Trump has argued that keeping taxes low for the wealthy increases job creation,[\\[292\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-294) and that these policies coupled with a crackdown in illegal immigration and reduction in inflation will help the middle class.[\\[287\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-CNN-2024-2-289) Trump says he will reduce regulation of business through the creation of an efficiency commission led by [Elon Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk \"Elon Musk\"),[\\[293\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-295) along with reducing environmental regulation. Trump has said deporting millions of immigrants will bring housing prices down.[\\[281\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-8-283) Trump endorsed a \"no tax on tips\" policy that has seen bipartisan support. And his competitor, Kamala Harris, has echoed support for the proposal.[\\[288\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-nytaug11-290)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump's stated trade policy involves the United States decoupling from the global economy and having the country become more self-contained and exerting its power through individual trade dealings. This would be accomplished through a universal baseline tariff[\\[294\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-6-296) of 10% to 20% on all imports,[\\[295\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Axios-2024-297)[\\[296\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-298) with increased penalties if trade partners manipulate their currency or engage in unfair trade practices.[\\[248\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-250) Trump has called for 100% tariffs on cars made outside the U.S. and a minimum 60% tariff on Chinese goods.[\\[295\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Axios-2024-297) Trump stated his plans to urge Congress to pass a \"Trump Reciprocal Trade Act\" to bestow presidential authority to impose a reciprocal tariff on any country that imposed one on the United States.[\\[248\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-250) _The Washington Post_ reported in January 2024 that Trump was preparing for a massive trade war.[\\[297\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-299) Trump's trade policies have been described as [protectionist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protectionism \"Protectionism\"),[\\[298\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-300) [neomercantilist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercantilism \"Mercantilism\") or [autarkist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autarky \"Autarky\").[\\[294\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-6-296)[\\[299\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-301) Increasing inflation has become a more common critique of Trump's economic plans.[\\[300\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-302)[\\[301\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-303)[\\[302\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-304)[\\[303\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-305) In June 2024, 16 [Nobel Prize in Economics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences \"Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences\") laureates signed an open letter arguing that Trump's fiscal and trade policies coupled with efforts to limit the Federal Reserve's independence would reignite inflation in the United States.[\\[304\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-306)[\\[305\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-307)[\\[306\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-308) [Moody's](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moody%27s_Corporation \"Moody's Corporation\")[\\[307\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-309) and most economists surveyed by the _[WSJ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSJ \"WSJ\")_ in July 2024 predict that inflation would be worse under Trump than Biden, a result due in part to tariffs, a crack down on illegal immigration, and larger deficits.[\\[308\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-310) Trump incorrectly insists foreign exporters pay tariffs imposed by the U.S. government; American importers pay tariffs on goods upon arrival at U.S. ports, meaning tariffs are taxes that raise prices for imported products Americans buy.[\\[309\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-311)[\\[310\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-312) The [China–United States trade war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_trade_war \"China–United States trade war\") Trump initiated in 2018 by imposing [tariffs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump_tariffs \"Trump tariffs\") on China was widely characterized as a failure for the United States by the end of Trump's presidency.[\\[311\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-313) The Committee for a Responsible Budget found that Trump's plans would grow that national debt at roughly twice the rate of Kamala Harris' plan,[\\[312\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-314) while the [Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_on_Taxation_and_Economic_Policy \"Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy\") found Trump's plan would only benefit the top 5% of earners.[\\[313\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-315)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Education\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has pledged to terminate the [Department of Education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Education \"United States Department of Education\"),[\\[248\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-250)[\\[314\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-316) claiming it has been infiltrated by \"radical zealots and Marxists.\"[\\[315\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-317) At the [American Federation of Teachers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Federation_of_Teachers \"American Federation of Teachers\") national convention, Harris attacked [recent efforts to ban books](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_banning_in_the_United_States_/(2021%E2%80%93present/) \"Book banning in the United States (2021–present)\").[\\[316\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-318) She has also previously called for raising teacher's wages.[\\[317\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-319)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Foreign policy\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/P20220221ES-0298-1_%2851974425940%29.jpg/220px-P20220221ES-0298-1_%2851974425940%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P20220221ES-0298-1_/(51974425940/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Joe Biden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden \"Joe Biden\") signing [Executive Order 14065](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Executive_Order_14065 \"s:Executive Order 14065\") in February 2022 in response to Russia's imminent invasion of Ukraine. The United States has given [billions worth of military aid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War \"List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War\") to Ukraine following the [Russian invasion of the country](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine \"Russian invasion of Ukraine\") in 2022.\n",
            "\n",
            "The [Russian invasion of Ukraine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine \"Russian invasion of Ukraine\") and [Israel–Hamas war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war \"Israel–Hamas war\") are expected issues in the election.[\\[318\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-320) Harris has signaled to generally follow Biden's foreign policy on [NATO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO \"NATO\") and Ukraine, supporting both in the aftermath of the Russian invasion.[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196)[\\[319\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Reuters-2024-3-321) A supporter of the [two-state solution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-state_solution \"Two-state solution\"),[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196)[\\[320\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-322) Harris is seen as more sympathetic to Palestinians than Biden, who has described himself as a Zionist and has a long history with Israeli leaders.[\\[319\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Reuters-2024-3-321) Regarding the [Israel–Hamas war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war \"Israel–Hamas war\"), analysts expect Harris to continue Biden's approach.[\\[321\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Al_Jazeera-2024-323) Following [Hamas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas \"Hamas\")'s [attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Hamas-led_attack_on_Israel \"2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel\") on Israel in 2023, Harris strongly supported Israel's offensive,[\\[322\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-ABC_News-2024-324)[\\[321\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Al_Jazeera-2024-323) stating that \"the threat Hamas poses to the people of Israel must be eliminated\".[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) However, she has since criticized Israel's approach and the [Gaza humanitarian crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_humanitarian_crisis_/(2023%E2%80%93present/) \"Gaza humanitarian crisis (2023–present)\").[\\[319\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Reuters-2024-3-321) In March 2024, Harris opposed [Israel's invasion of Rafah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Rafah \"Invasion of Rafah\"),[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) called for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza,[\\[321\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Al_Jazeera-2024-323)[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) and stated that the situation in Gaza is a \"humanitarian catastrophe\".[\\[194\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-3-196) Harris has advocated for \"de-risking\" from Beijing, a policy that encourages reducing Western economic dependence on China.[\\[323\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-325) Harris is expected to continue deepening American alliances in Asia and the Pacific with the intention of curbing China's rising power both economically and militarily.[\\[324\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-326)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump's 2024 campaign has reiterated its [isolationist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolationism \"Isolationism\") \"[America First](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America_First_/(policy/) \"America First (policy)\")\" foreign policy agenda,[\\[325\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-4-327)[\\[326\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-328) and has promised to \"fundamentally reevaluate\" NATO's purpose and mission, shifting the nation's defense burdens from Europe towards Asia.[\\[248\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-250) Trump has stated he would encourage Russia to \"do whatever the hell they want\" to countries that did not contribute enough to NATO.[\\[327\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-329) Trump has said he would cut off aid to Ukraine quickly if reelected.[\\[328\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-330) Trump previously stated he would potentially recognize [Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation \"Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation\"),[\\[329\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-331) and made suggestions that he could have prevented the war by ceding parts of eastern Ukraine to Russia.[\\[325\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-4-327) Trump has voiced strong support for Israel in the [Israel–Hamas war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war \"Israel–Hamas war\"), and has stated that they must \"finish the problem\".[\\[330\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-332) Trump has promised a tougher stance against China than Biden,[\\[331\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-333) but has also questioned whether America should defend Taiwan.[\\[332\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-334) Trump has suggested withdrawing troops from South Korea if it does not pay more to support U.S. troops there.[\\[198\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Time-2024-200) Trump has previously promised he would bar Gaza residents from entering the United States through an extended travel ban.[\\[333\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-335) Trump has stated he would shut down [pro-Palestinian protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_protests \"Israel–Hamas war protests\"), deport demonstrators, and \"set the movement back 25 or 30 years\".[\\[334\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-336) At times, however, he has also been critical of Israel's war in [Gaza](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_Strip \"Gaza Strip\"). In April 2024, Trump said Israel should \"get it over with ... get back to peace and stop killing people.\"[\\[335\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-337) In July 2024, Trump said that Israel should end the war in Gaza as soon as possible.[\\[336\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-338)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Israel–Hamas war views\n",
            "\n",
            "Polling has indicated that the majority of voters support a ceasefire and American mediation in the [Israel-Hamas war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel-Hamas_war \"Israel-Hamas war\").[\\[337\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-339) Republicans also generally support arms to Israel, while Democrats are divided on the issue.[\\[338\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-340)[\\[339\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-341) In the Democratic primaries, the [Uncommitted National Movement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncommitted_National_Movement \"Uncommitted National Movement\") led a protest campaign against Biden over the war, calling for a ceasefire and [arms embargo on Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arms_embargo_on_Israel \"Arms embargo on Israel\"). It received over 700,000 votes and 36 delegates.[\\[340\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-342)\n",
            "\n",
            "Harris has been seen as more sympathetic to Palestinians during the war, and her and her campaign have interacted with Arab-American and Uncommitted leaders on multiple occasions.[\\[341\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-343)[\\[342\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-344) However, Harris has refused to halt any weapons shipments to Israel or shift policy from Biden, saying Israel has a right to defend itself.[\\[343\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-345)[\\[344\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-346) Trump also supports Israel's campaign and has said it \"has to have a victory\", though has said it needs to \"get it over with\". Trump has taken a more hardline stance on [pro-Palestinian protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_pro-Palestinian_protests_on_university_campuses \"2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses\") on university campuses, pledging to deport non-citizen protestors and \"set that movement back 25 or 30 years\".[\\[345\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-347)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Healthcare issues\n",
            "\n",
            "The issue of healthcare, [drug policy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_policy \"Drug policy\"), and the [COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\") is expected to play a key role in the 2024 presidential election.[\\[346\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-348)[\\[347\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-349)\n",
            "\n",
            "Harris has supported efforts to strengthen coverage under the [Affordable Care Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act \"Affordable Care Act\"),[\\[243\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-CNN-2024-245) including setting caps on seniors' out-of-pocket prescription drug prices at $2,000 and limiting the cost of insulin for those on Medicare to $35 enacted as part of the [Inflation Reduction Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation_Reduction_Act \"Inflation Reduction Act\").[\\[239\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Hill-2024-241) Harris has been a proponent of White House efforts to ban medical debt from credit reports.[\\[287\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-CNN-2024-2-289) Harris has stated she no longer supports a [single-payer healthcare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-payer_healthcare \"Single-payer healthcare\") system.[\\[243\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-CNN-2024-245) Harris has supported the expanded child tax credit enacted in the [American Rescue Plan Act of 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Rescue_Plan_Act_of_2021 \"American Rescue Plan Act of 2021\") that reduced child poverty by 20%.[\\[239\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Hill-2024-241) Harris has expressed support for making child care and elder care more affordable and enacting paid family leave.[\\[287\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-CNN-2024-2-289) On August 16, 2024, Kamala Harris announced the proposal of a $6,000 child tax credit, expanding her populist economic agenda. Other policies including expanding a cap on prescription drug costs and permanently reinstating the expanded child tax credit.[\\[348\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-350)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has made repealing the [Affordable Care Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act \"Affordable Care Act\") a key issue of the 2024 election.[\\[30\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Associated_Press-2023-3-31) During an interview on March 11, 2024, Trump suggested he was open to cutting entitlement programs such as [Social Security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Security_/(United_States/) \"Social Security (United States)\") and [Medicare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_/(United_States/) \"Medicare (United States)\"), which the Trump campaign later claimed was merely referring to \"cutting waste\" and that he would protect the programs. Trump previously suggested while president in 2020 that he would \"at some point\" look into cutting entitlement programs, and Trump's previous budget proposals have suggested some cuts to the programs. During the Republican primary, Trump attacked his opponents by suggesting they would cut entitlement benefits.[\\[349\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-351)[\\[350\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-352) On the issue of subsidized care, Harris has stated she will \"maintain and grow\" the Affordable Care Act.[\\[351\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-353)[\\[352\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-354)\n",
            "\n",
            "### LGBT rights\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Students_Protest_Anti-Trans_Law_%2851934611549%29.jpg/220px-Students_Protest_Anti-Trans_Law_%2851934611549%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Students_Protest_Anti-Trans_Law_/(51934611549/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Students in [Des Moines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa \"Des Moines, Iowa\") protesting an anti-transgender law signed by Republican Governor [Kim Reynolds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Reynolds \"Kim Reynolds\") in 2022\n",
            "\n",
            "In recent years, conservative politicians in state legislatures have introduced a large and growing number of bills that Democrats say restrict the rights of LGBT people, especially transgender people.[\\[353\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-355)[\\[354\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-356)\n",
            "\n",
            "Harris is a strong supporter of LGBT people's rights.[\\[355\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-357) She has denounced legislative attacks on transgender rights in states across the country.[\\[356\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-358)[\\[357\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-359)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump has promised a rollback on Democratic-supported policies surrounding transgender individuals.[\\[358\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Axios-2023-360) Trump stated he will rescind Biden's [Title IX](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Title_IX \"Title IX\") protections \"on day one\" for transgender students using bathrooms, locker rooms, and pronouns that align with their gender identities.[\\[359\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-361) Trump has stated he would enact a federal law that would recognize only two genders and claimed that being transgender is a concept made up by \"the radical left.\"[\\[360\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-362) Trump has pledged \"severe consequences\" for teachers who \"suggest to a child that they could be trapped in the wrong body.\" Trump previously withdrew Title IX provisions that allowed transgender youth to have access to the bathrooms of their choice, and he attempted to roll-back several transgender-related policies in the [Affordable Care Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act \"Affordable Care Act\").[\\[358\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Axios-2023-360)\n",
            "\n",
            "Democratic Party\n",
            "----------------\n",
            "\n",
            "On April 25, 2023, President [Joe Biden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden \"Joe Biden\") officially announced his bid for re-election, confirming that Vice President [Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\") would remain his running mate.[\\[361\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-363)[\\[362\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-364) Following this announcement, Republicans increased their focus on Harris, intensifying criticism against her.[\\[363\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-365) During late 2021, amid Biden's declining approval ratings, speculation arose regarding whether he would seek re-election.[\\[364\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-366) Public figures, including former Representatives [Carolyn Maloney](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolyn_Maloney \"Carolyn Maloney\"), [Tim Ryan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Ryan_/(Ohio_politician/) \"Tim Ryan (Ohio politician)\") and [Joe Cunningham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Cunningham_/(American_politician/) \"Joe Cunningham (American politician)\"), urged Biden not to run.[\\[365\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-367)[\\[366\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-368)[\\[367\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-369)\n",
            "\n",
            "Concerns about Biden's age were prominent, given that he was [the oldest person to assume the office](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_age \"List of presidents of the United States by age\") at age 78, which would make him 82 at the end of his first term and 86 at the end of a potential second term.[\\[368\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-370) An April 2023 poll indicated that 70 percent of Americans, including 51 percent of Democrats, believed Biden should not seek a second term, with nearly half citing his age as the reason. Biden's approval rating stood at 41 percent, with 55 percent disapproving, according to the [FiveThirtyEight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveThirtyEight \"FiveThirtyEight\") national polling average.[\\[369\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-371) Speculation also arose that Biden might face a primary challenge from the [Democratic Party's progressive faction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factions_in_the_Democratic_Party_/(United_States/)#Progressives \"Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)\").[\\[370\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-372)[\\[371\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-373) However, after Democrats outperformed expectations in the [2022 midterm elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_United_States_elections \"2022 United States elections\"), many believed Biden's chances of securing the party's nomination had increased.[\\[372\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-374)\n",
            "\n",
            "Author [Marianne Williamson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marianne_Williamson \"Marianne Williamson\") was the first to challenge Biden by announcing her candidacy in February 2023.[\\[373\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-375) In April 2023, [Robert F. Kennedy Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr. \"Robert F. Kennedy Jr.\") also entered the race but later shifted his campaign to an independent run on October 9, 2023.[\\[374\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-376) Representative [Dean Phillips](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean_Phillips \"Dean Phillips\") joined the race on October 26, 2023;[\\[375\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-377) he withdrew in March 2024 and endorsed Biden.[\\[376\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-378)[\\[377\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-379) Williamson initially withdrew from the race in February 2024 but later resumed her campaign, only to end it again on June 11, 2024.[\\[378\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-380)[\\[379\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-381)[\\[380\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-382)\n",
            "\n",
            "[Jason Palmer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Palmer_/(politician/) \"Jason Palmer (politician)\"), who surprised many by winning the [American Samoa caucuses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_American_Samoa_Democratic_presidential_caucuses \"2024 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses\"), became the first candidate to win a contested primary against an incumbent president since [Ted Kennedy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Kennedy \"Ted Kennedy\") in 1980. However, he suspended his campaign on May 15, 2024.[\\[381\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-383) On March 12, 2024, Biden secured a majority of delegates, becoming the presumptive Democratic nominee.[\\[382\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-384)\n",
            "\n",
            "Despite securing the nomination, Biden faced significant opposition from [“uncommitted” voters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncommitted_/(voting_option/) \"Uncommitted (voting option)\") and the [Uncommitted National Movement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncommitted_National_Movement \"Uncommitted National Movement\"), who collectively garnered more votes than several major contenders in the 2020 Democratic primaries and won 36 delegates.[\\[383\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-385) Following a widely panned [debate performance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_debates \"2024 United States presidential debates\") against Donald Trump on June 27, 2024, Biden withdrew from the race on July 21, endorsing Kamala Harris as his successor.[\\[384\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-386) Harris quickly announced her campaign and secured enough delegate endorsements by July 22, becoming the presumptive nominee.[\\[385\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-387)\n",
            "\n",
            "Following Biden's withdrawal, [Tim Walz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Walz \"Tim Walz\"), [Josh Shapiro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Shapiro \"Josh Shapiro\"), [Mark Kelly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Kelly \"Mark Kelly\"), and [Andy Beshear](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Beshear \"Andy Beshear\") emerged as lead candidates in the [veepstakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veepstakes \"Veepstakes\").[\\[386\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-388) Shapiro received pushback from pro-Palestine activists for comments on [college protesters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_pro-Palestinian_protests_on_university_campuses \"2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses\")[\\[387\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-389) and for claiming to volunteer for the [IDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces \"Israel Defense Forces\"),[\\[388\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-390) while Kelly was criticized by \"labor groups.\"[\\[389\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-391)\n",
            "\n",
            "The Democratic Party conducted a virtual roll call vote on August 2, where Harris secured the majority of delegate votes and became the official nominee on August 5.[\\[390\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-392) She selected Walz as her running mate the following day.[\\[391\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-393) If successful, Harris would make history as the first female and first [Asian American](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_American \"Asian American\") president of the United States.[\\[392\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-394) Walz would be the first vice president to have served in the [war on terror](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_terror \"War on terror\").[\\[393\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-395)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Democratic nominees\n",
            "\n",
            "[![Democratic Party (United States)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/65px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Democratic Party (United States)\n",
            "\n",
            "**2024 Democratic Party ticket**\n",
            "\n",
            "[Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Tim Walz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Walz \"Tim Walz\")\n",
            "\n",
            "_**for President**_\n",
            "\n",
            "_**for Vice President**_\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Kamala_Harris_Vice_Presidential_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Kamala_Harris_Vice_Presidential_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kamala_Harris_Vice_Presidential_Portrait_/(cropped/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Tim_Walz_by_Gage_Skidmore_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Tim_Walz_by_Gage_Skidmore_%28cropped%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tim_Walz_by_Gage_Skidmore_/(cropped/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[49th](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States \"List of vice presidents of the United States\")  \n",
            "[Vice President of the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States \"Vice President of the United States\")  \n",
            "(2021–present)\n",
            "\n",
            "[41st](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Minnesota \"List of governors of Minnesota\")  \n",
            "[Governor of Minnesota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota \"Governor of Minnesota\")  \n",
            "(2019–present)\n",
            "\n",
            "[**Campaign**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign \"Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Harris_Walz_2024_presidential_campaign_logo_%28light_blue%29.svg/200px-Harris_Walz_2024_presidential_campaign_logo_%28light_blue%29.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Harris_Walz_2024_presidential_campaign_logo_/(light_blue/).svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Republican Party\n",
            "----------------\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Republican_Party_presidential_primaries_results%2C_2024.svg/250px-Republican_Party_presidential_primaries_results%2C_2024.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Republican_Party_presidential_primaries_results,_2024.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Results of the 2024 Republican presidential primaries  \n",
            "\n",
            "[Donald Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\"), the then-incumbent president, was defeated by Biden in the 2020 election and is not term-limited to run again in 2024, making him the fifth ex-president to seek a second non-consecutive term. If he wins, Trump would be the second president to win a non-consecutive term, after [Grover Cleveland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grover_Cleveland \"Grover Cleveland\") in [1892](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election \"1892 United States presidential election\").[\\[394\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-396) Trump filed a statement of candidacy with the [Federal Election Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission \"Federal Election Commission\") (FEC) on November 15, 2022, and announced [his candidacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\") in a speech at [Mar-a-Lago](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar-a-Lago \"Mar-a-Lago\") the same day.[\\[395\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-397)[\\[396\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-398) Trump was considered an early frontrunner for the Republican presidential nomination.[\\[397\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-399) Trump had announced in March 2022 that his former vice president [Mike Pence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Pence \"Mike Pence\") would not be his running mate.[\\[398\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-400) In civil proceedings, Trump has been found liable [for sexual abuse and defamation in 2023, defamation in 2024](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._Jean_Carroll_v._Donald_J._Trump \"E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump\"), and [financial fraud in 2024](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_business_fraud_lawsuit_against_the_Trump_Organization \"New York business fraud lawsuit against the Trump Organization\"), becoming the first former president to be convicted of a crime.[\\[14\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-ABC_News-2024-2-15)\n",
            "\n",
            "In March 2023, Trump was [indicted](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_in_New_York \"Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York\") over his [hush money](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hush_money \"Hush money\") payments to adult film actress [Stormy Daniels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormy_Daniels \"Stormy Daniels\").[\\[399\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-401) Trump was again indicted in June over his handling of classified documents that contained materials sensitive to national security. Trump has pleaded not guilty to all the charges related to these indictments.[\\[400\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-402)[\\[401\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-403)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump faced opposition in the [primaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries \"2024 Republican Party presidential primaries\"), with Florida Governor [Ron DeSantis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_DeSantis \"Ron DeSantis\") seen as the main challenger to Trump for the Republican nomination; he had raised more campaign funds in the first half of 2022 and had more favorable polling numbers than Trump by the end of 2022.[\\[402\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-404)[\\[403\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-405)[\\[404\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-406) On May 24, 2023, DeSantis announced his candidacy on Twitter in an online conversation with Twitter CEO [Elon Musk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk \"Elon Musk\"). \"American decline is not inevitable—it is a choice...I am running for president of the United States to lead our great American comeback,\" DeSantis said. His campaign stated to have raised $1 million in the first hour following the announcement of his candidacy.[\\[405\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-407) Speaking on _[Fox & Friends](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_%26_Friends \"Fox & Friends\")_, he stated that he would \"destroy leftism\" in the United States.[\\[406\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-408) At the end of July 2023, FiveThirtyEight's national polling average of the Republican primaries had Trump at 52 percent, and DeSantis at 15.[\\[407\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-409)\n",
            "\n",
            "Following the [Iowa caucuses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Iowa_Republican_presidential_caucuses \"2024 Iowa Republican presidential caucuses\"), in which Trump posted a landslide victory, DeSantis and businessman [Vivek Ramaswamy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivek_Ramaswamy \"Vivek Ramaswamy\") dropped out of the race and endorsed Trump, leaving the former president and [Nikki Haley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikki_Haley \"Nikki Haley\"), the former South Carolina governor who served in [Trump's cabinet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_of_Donald_Trump \"Cabinet of Donald Trump\"), as the only remaining major candidates.[\\[408\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-410)[\\[409\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-411) Trump continued to win all four early voting contests while Haley's campaign struggled to gain momentum.[\\[410\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-412) On March 6, 2024, the day after winning only one primary out of fifteen on [Super Tuesday](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Super_Tuesday \"2024 Super Tuesday\"), Haley suspended her campaign.[\\[411\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-413)[\\[412\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-414)\n",
            "\n",
            "On March 12, 2024, Trump officially became the presumptive Republican presidential nominee.[\\[413\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-415)\n",
            "\n",
            "Trump was lightly injured in [an assassination attempt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Pennsylvania \"Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania\") on July 13, 2024.[\\[414\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Hill-0715-416) This was the first time a president or major party presidential candidate was injured in an assassination attempt since [Ronald Reagan in 1981](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Ronald_Reagan \"Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan\"). Trump faced [another assassination attempt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Florida \"Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Florida\") on September 15, 2024, though he was not injured.\n",
            "\n",
            "On July 15, 2024, the first day of the [Republican National Convention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention \"2024 Republican National Convention\"), Trump officially announced that Senator [JD Vance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JD_Vance \"JD Vance\") of Ohio would be his running mate.[\\[414\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Hill-0715-416) If elected, he would be the first [marine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps \"United States Marine Corps\") and first [Iraq War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War \"Iraq War\") veteran to serve as vice president.[\\[415\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-417)\n",
            "\n",
            "On July 18, 2024, Trump accepted the nomination from the Republican National Convention to become the Republican presidential nominee. This was the third consecutive election in which he was the Republican nominee.[\\[416\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-418)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Republican nominees\n",
            "\n",
            "[![Republican Party (United States)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/65px-Republican_Disc.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_/(United_States/) \"Republican Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Republican Party (United States)\n",
            "\n",
            "**2024 Republican Party ticket**\n",
            "\n",
            "[Donald Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[JD Vance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JD_Vance \"JD Vance\")\n",
            "\n",
            "_**for President**_\n",
            "\n",
            "_**for Vice President**_\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg/156px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Donald_Trump_official_portrait_/(3x4a/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Senator_Vance_official_portrait._118th_Congress_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/156px-Senator_Vance_official_portrait._118th_Congress_%28cropped_2%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Senator_Vance_official_portrait._118th_Congress_/(cropped_2/).jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[45th](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States \"List of presidents of the United States\")  \n",
            "[President of the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States \"President of the United States\")  \n",
            "(2017–2021)\n",
            "\n",
            "[U.S. Senator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate \"United States Senate\")  \n",
            "from [Ohio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio \"Ohio\")  \n",
            "(2023–present)\n",
            "\n",
            "[**Campaign**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign \"Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/TrumpVance2024.svg/200px-TrumpVance2024.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TrumpVance2024.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Third-party and independent candidates\n",
            "--------------------------------------\n",
            "\n",
            "A number of [independent candidates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_politician \"Independent politician\") have announced presidential runs, most notably [Robert F. Kennedy Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr. \"Robert F. Kennedy Jr.\") and [Cornel West](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornel_West \"Cornel West\").\n",
            "\n",
            "Several third parties, including the [Libertarian Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_/(United_States/) \"Libertarian Party (United States)\"), the [Green Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Party_of_the_United_States \"Green Party of the United States\"), the [Party for Socialism and Liberation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_for_Socialism_and_Liberation \"Party for Socialism and Liberation\"), the [Constitution Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party_/(United_States/) \"Constitution Party (United States)\"), and the [American Solidarity Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Solidarity_Party \"American Solidarity Party\") have also announced presidential nominees.\n",
            "\n",
            "Kennedy dropped out of the race in August 2024, though he remains on the ballot in many states. The [No Labels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Labels \"No Labels\") organization abandoned its efforts to run a [centrist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrism \"Centrism\") candidate in April 2024.[\\[417\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-419)\n",
            "\n",
            "### With majority ballot access\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Libertarian Party\n",
            "\n",
            "[Chase Oliver](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chase_Oliver \"Chase Oliver\") was chosen by the [Libertarian Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_/(United_States/) \"Libertarian Party (United States)\") as its presidential nominee on May 26, 2024, at the [2024 Libertarian National Convention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Libertarian_National_Convention \"2024 Libertarian National Convention\"). Oliver was the party's candidate in the [2022 United States Senate election in Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_Georgia \"2022 United States Senate election in Georgia\").[\\[418\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-420) Oliver achieved [ballot access](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballot_access_in_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Ballot access in the 2024 United States presidential election\") in 47 states, and will be eligible to receive write-in votes in the District of Columbia, Illinois, and Tennessee. Oliver will not be eligible to receive write-in votes in New York.[\\[419\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-TGP_ballot_access-421)[\\[420\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-IL_write-in-422)[\\[421\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Ballotpedia_write-in-423)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Libertarian_Disc.svg/65px-Libertarian_Disc.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Libertarian_Disc.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "2024 Libertarian Party ticket\n",
            "\n",
            "[Chase Oliver](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chase_Oliver \"Chase Oliver\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Mike ter Maat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_ter_Maat \"Mike ter Maat\")\n",
            "\n",
            "_**for President**_\n",
            "\n",
            "_**for Vice President**_\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chase_Oliver_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg/160px-Chase_Oliver_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chase_Oliver_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mike_Ter_Maat_on_the_%22LibertyDad%22_Podcast.jpg/160px-Mike_Ter_Maat_on_the_%22LibertyDad%22_Podcast.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mike_Ter_Maat_on_the_%22LibertyDad%22_Podcast.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Sales account executive  \n",
            "from [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_/(U.S._state/) \"Georgia (U.S. state)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Economist  \n",
            "from [Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia \"Virginia\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chase_Oliver_2024_Campaign_Logo.svg/275px-Chase_Oliver_2024_Campaign_Logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chase_Oliver_2024_Campaign_Logo.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Green Party\n",
            "\n",
            "Stein was also the party's candidate in [2012](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jill_Stein_2012_presidential_campaign \"Jill Stein 2012 presidential campaign\") and [2016](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jill_Stein_2016_presidential_campaign \"Jill Stein 2016 presidential campaign\"). Stein is a physician and a former member of the [Lexington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexington,_Massachusetts \"Lexington, Massachusetts\") [Town Meeting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representative_town_meeting \"Representative town meeting\"). On August 16, Stein selected academic [Butch Ware](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butch_Ware \"Butch Ware\") as her running mate.[\\[422\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-424) Stein achieved ballot access in 38 states, and will be eligible to receive write-in votes in five states. She will not be eligible to receive write-in votes in the remaining states or the District of Columbia.[\\[419\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-TGP_ballot_access-421)[\\[420\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-IL_write-in-422)[\\[421\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Ballotpedia_write-in-423)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Green_Disc.svg/65px-Green_Disc.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Green_Disc.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "2024 Green Party ticket\n",
            "\n",
            "[Jill Stein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jill_Stein \"Jill Stein\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Butch Ware](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butch_Ware \"Butch Ware\")\n",
            "\n",
            "_**for President**_\n",
            "\n",
            "_**for Vice President**_\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Jill_Stein_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/160px-Jill_Stein_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jill_Stein_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Butch_Ware_in_2024.jpg/160px-Butch_Ware_in_2024.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butch_Ware_in_2024.jpg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Physician  \n",
            "from [Massachusetts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts \"Massachusetts\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Academic  \n",
            "from [California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California \"California\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Jill_Stein_2024.svg/204px-Jill_Stein_2024.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jill_Stein_2024.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "### With partial ballot access\n",
            "\n",
            "These third-party candidates have ballot access in some states, but not enough to get 270 votes needed to win the presidency, without running a write-in campaign.\n",
            "\n",
            "*   _[American Solidarity Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Solidarity_Party \"American Solidarity Party\")_: [Peter Sonski](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Sonski \"Peter Sonski\"), Connecticut school board member[\\[423\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-425)\n",
            "*   _[Approval Voting Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approval_Voting_Party \"Approval Voting Party\")_: Blake Huber, activist and nominee for president in 2020[\\[424\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-426)\n",
            "*   _[Constitution Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party_/(United_States/) \"Constitution Party (United States)\")_: [Randall Terry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randall_Terry \"Randall Terry\"), anti-abortion activist and perennial candidate[\\[425\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-427)\n",
            "*   _[Independent American Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_American_Party_of_Nevada \"Independent American Party of Nevada\")_: [Joel Skousen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Skousen \"Joel Skousen\"), survivalist and consultant[\\[426\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-428)\n",
            "*   _[Prohibition Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibition_Party \"Prohibition Party\")_: Michael Wood, businessman[\\[427\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-429)\n",
            "*   _[Party for Socialism and Liberation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_for_Socialism_and_Liberation \"Party for Socialism and Liberation\")_: [Claudia De la Cruz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_De_la_Cruz \"Claudia De la Cruz\"), political activist[\\[428\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-430)[\\[429\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-431)\n",
            "*   _[Socialist Equality Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Equality_Party_/(United_States/) \"Socialist Equality Party (United States)\")_: [Joseph Kishore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kishore \"Joseph Kishore\"), writer and SEP nominee in 2020[\\[430\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-432)\n",
            "*   _[Socialist Workers Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_/(United_States/) \"Socialist Workers Party (United States)\")_: [Rachele Fruit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachele_Fruit \"Rachele Fruit\"), hotel worker and trade unionist[\\[431\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-433)\n",
            "*   _[Socialist Party USA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA \"Socialist Party USA\")_: Bill Stodden, nonprofit executive[\\[432\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-434)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Independent candidates\n",
            "\n",
            "The following notable individuals are running independently for president.\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Cornel West](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornel_West \"Cornel West\"), academic, anti-war activist and public intellectual, previously both, [People's Party](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_/(United_States,_2017/) \"People's Party (United States, 2017)\") and [Green Party primaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Green_Party_presidential_primaries \"2024 Green Party presidential primaries\") candidate[\\[433\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-:3-435)[\\[434\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-:5-436) launched [an independent campaign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornel_West_2024_presidential_campaign \"Cornel West 2024 presidential campaign\")[\\[435\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-437)[\\[436\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-438)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Withdrawn candidates\n",
            "\n",
            "The following notable individual(s) announced and then suspended their campaigns before the election:\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [Robert F. Kennedy Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr. \"Robert F. Kennedy Jr.\"), environmental lawyer, anti-vaccine activist and conspiracy theorist, [2024 Democratic presidential candidate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries \"2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries\") and [2024 independent presidential candidate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr._2024_presidential_campaign \"Robert F. Kennedy Jr. 2024 presidential campaign\") _(endorsed Trump)_[\\[437\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-439)\n",
            "\n",
            "Timeline\n",
            "--------\n",
            "\n",
            "Opinion polling and forecasts\n",
            "-----------------------------\n",
            "\n",
            "### Opinion polling aggregation\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Harris and Trump\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/2024_United_States_presidential_election_%28Trump-Harris%29_polling_%282024_polls_only%29.svg/800px-2024_United_States_presidential_election_%28Trump-Harris%29_polling_%282024_polls_only%29.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2024_United_States_presidential_election_/(Trump-Harris/)_polling_/(2024_polls_only/).svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "[LOESS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LOESS \"LOESS\") graph of the opinion polling between Harris and Trump taken during 2024. The dashed line is when Harris became the presumptive Democratic nominee.[LOESS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LOESS \"LOESS\") graph of the opinion polling between Harris and Trump since the [2020 U.S. presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_U.S._presidential_election \"2020 U.S. presidential election\"). The dashed lines are when both candidates became the presumptive nominees for their respective parties.Show all\n",
            "\n",
            "Source of poll  \n",
            "aggregation\n",
            "\n",
            "Dates  \n",
            "administered\n",
            "\n",
            "Dates  \n",
            "updated\n",
            "\n",
            "[Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\")  \n",
            "[Democratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Donald Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\")  \n",
            "[Republican](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_/(United_States/) \"Republican Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Others/  \n",
            "Undecided  \n",
            "[\\[c\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-difference-440)\n",
            "\n",
            "Margin\n",
            "\n",
            "[RealClearPolitics](https://www.realclearpolling.com/polls/president/general/2024/trump-vs-harris)\n",
            "\n",
            "September 19 – October 7, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**49.2%**\n",
            "\n",
            "47.2%\n",
            "\n",
            "3.6%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +2.0%**\n",
            "\n",
            "[Race to the WH](https://www.racetothewh.com/president/polls)\n",
            "\n",
            "through October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**49.4%**\n",
            "\n",
            "46.3%\n",
            "\n",
            "4.3%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +3.1%**\n",
            "\n",
            "[Decision Desk HQ/The Hill](https://elections2024.thehill.com/national/harris-trump-general/)\n",
            "\n",
            "through October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**49.8%**\n",
            "\n",
            "46.8%\n",
            "\n",
            "3.4%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +3.0%**\n",
            "\n",
            "[270toWin](https://www.270towin.com/2024-presidential-election-polls/national)\n",
            "\n",
            "through October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**49.3%**\n",
            "\n",
            "46.6%\n",
            "\n",
            "4.1%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +2.7%**\n",
            "\n",
            "[538](https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/president-general/2024/national/)\n",
            "\n",
            "through October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**48.4%**\n",
            "\n",
            "45.9%\n",
            "\n",
            "5.7%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +2.5%**\n",
            "\n",
            "[Silver Bulletin](https://www.natesilver.net/p/nate-silver-2024-president-election-polls-model)\n",
            "\n",
            "through October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**49.3%**\n",
            "\n",
            "46.1%\n",
            "\n",
            "4.6%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +3.2%**\n",
            "\n",
            "**Average**\n",
            "\n",
            "**49.2%**\n",
            "\n",
            "46.5%\n",
            "\n",
            "4.3%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +2.7%**\n",
            "\n",
            "#### Harris vs. Trump vs. Kennedy Jr. vs. Oliver vs. Stein vs. West\n",
            "\n",
            "[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2024_United_States_presidential_election_%28Trump-Harris-Kennedy-West-Stein%29_polling.svg/800px-2024_United_States_presidential_election_%28Trump-Harris-Kennedy-West-Stein%29_polling.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2024_United_States_presidential_election_/(Trump-Harris-Kennedy-West-Stein/)_polling.svg)\n",
            "\n",
            "Local regression of polling between Harris, Trump, Kennedy, West and Stein conducted up to the 2024 United States presidential election (excludes _others_ and _undecided_). The dashed line is when Harris became the presumptive Democratic nominee.\n",
            "\n",
            "Source of poll  \n",
            "aggregation\n",
            "\n",
            "Dates  \n",
            "administered\n",
            "\n",
            "Dates  \n",
            "updated\n",
            "\n",
            "[Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\")  \n",
            "[Democratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_/(United_States/) \"Democratic Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Donald Trump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump \"Donald Trump\")  \n",
            "[Republican](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_/(United_States/) \"Republican Party (United States)\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Robert F. Kennedy Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr. \"Robert F. Kennedy Jr.\")[\\[d\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-441)  \n",
            "[Independent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_Politician \"Independent Politician\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Chase Oliver](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chase_Oliver \"Chase Oliver\")  \n",
            "[Libertarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_of_the_United_States \"Libertarian Party of the United States\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Jill Stein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jill_Stein \"Jill Stein\")  \n",
            "[Green](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Party_of_the_United_States \"Green Party of the United States\")\n",
            "\n",
            "[Cornel West](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornel_West \"Cornel West\")  \n",
            "[Independent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_Politician \"Independent Politician\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Others/  \n",
            "Undecided  \n",
            "[\\[c\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-difference-440)\n",
            "\n",
            "Margin\n",
            "\n",
            "[Race to the WH](https://www.racetothewh.com/president/polls)\n",
            "\n",
            "through October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**48.0%**\n",
            "\n",
            "44.9%\n",
            "\n",
            "2.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "0.8%\n",
            "\n",
            "0.4%\n",
            "\n",
            "2.9%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +3.1%**\n",
            "\n",
            "[RealClearPolitics](https://www.realclearpolling.com/polls/president/general/2024/trump-vs-harris-vs-kennedy-vs-stein-vs-west)\n",
            "\n",
            "September 4 – October 6, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**48.3%**\n",
            "\n",
            "46.1%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.3%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "0.7%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.6%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +2.2%**\n",
            "\n",
            "[270toWin](https://www.270towin.com/2024-presidential-election-polls/national)\n",
            "\n",
            "through October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "October 9, 2024\n",
            "\n",
            "**47.8%**\n",
            "\n",
            "45.4%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "0.8%\n",
            "\n",
            "0.3%\n",
            "\n",
            "3.7%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +2.4%**\n",
            "\n",
            "**Average**\n",
            "\n",
            "**48.0%**\n",
            "\n",
            "45.5%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.4%\n",
            "\n",
            "1.0%\n",
            "\n",
            "0.9%\n",
            "\n",
            "0.5%\n",
            "\n",
            "2.7%\n",
            "\n",
            "**Harris +2.5%**\n",
            "\n",
            "### Electoral College forecasts\n",
            "\n",
            "Elections analysts and political pundits issue probabilistic forecasts of the composition of the Electoral College. These forecasts use a variety of factors to estimate the likelihood of each candidate winning the Electoral College electors for that state. Most election predictors use the following ratings:\n",
            "\n",
            "*   \"tossup\": no advantage\n",
            "*   \"tilt\" (used by some predictors): advantage that is not quite as strong as \"lean\"\n",
            "*   \"lean\" or \"leans\": slight advantage\n",
            "*   \"likely\": significant, but surmountable, advantage\n",
            "*   \"safe\" or \"solid\": near-certain chance of victory\n",
            "\n",
            "Below is a list of states considered by one or more forecast to be competitive; states that are deemed to be \"safe\" or \"solid\" by forecasters _[The Cook Political Report](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cook_Political_Report \"The Cook Political Report\")_, _[Sabato's Crystal Ball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabato%27s_Crystal_Ball \"Sabato's Crystal Ball\")_, _[Inside Elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inside_Elections \"Inside Elections\")_, _[CNalysis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNalysis \"CNalysis\")_, _[Decision Desk HQ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_Desk_HQ \"Decision Desk HQ\")_, and _[YouGov](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouGov \"YouGov\")_ are omitted for brevity.[\\[e\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-444)\n",
            "\n",
            "Debates\n",
            "-------\n",
            "\n",
            "In April 2022, the [Republican National Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_National_Committee \"Republican National Committee\") voted unanimously to withdraw from the [Commission on Presidential Debates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Presidential_Debates \"Commission on Presidential Debates\") (CPD).[\\[449\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-456) In May 2024, the Biden campaign proposed hosting two debates outside of the CPD timetable and refusing to participate in CPD-hosted debates. Biden and Trump agreed to debates on [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\") on June 27 and [ABC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_News_/(United_States/) \"ABC News (United States)\") on September 10.[\\[450\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-457) The Harris camp suggested that another debate could be held in October after the September 10 debate with Trump.[\\[451\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-458) On September 12, Trump announced that there would be no third presidential debate.[\\[452\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-auto1-459)\n",
            "\n",
            "### June 27 presidential debate: Biden vs. Trump\n",
            "\n",
            "CNN hosted the first major debate of the election on June 27 in Atlanta, with 51 million viewers watching.[\\[453\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-460) Media outlets characterized Joe Biden's debate performance as a \"disaster\". Some pundits noted that he frequently lost his train of thought and gave meandering, confused answers.[\\[454\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-461)[\\[455\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-462)[\\[456\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-463)\n",
            "\n",
            "[G. Elliott Morris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._Elliott_Morris \"G. Elliott Morris\") and Kaleigh Rogers of [ABC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_News_/(United_States/) \"ABC News (United States)\")' _[538](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveThirtyEight \"FiveThirtyEight\")_ argued that Biden had failed to reassure voters that he was capable of serving as president for another four years.[\\[457\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-464) After the debate, elected officials, party strategists, and fundraisers conversed about [replacing Biden as the party's candidate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Joe_Biden_from_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election#Replacement_as_candidate \"Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election\"), including whether prominent Democrats should make a public statement asking him to step aside.[\\[458\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-465) In response, Biden initially stated that he would not be dropping out, and prominent Democratic politicians, including [Barack Obama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama \"Barack Obama\") and [Hillary Clinton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillary_Clinton \"Hillary Clinton\"), reiterated their support for Biden following the debate.[\\[459\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-466)[\\[460\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-467)[\\[461\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-468) The debate performance led to Biden ultimately [withdrawing his bid for re-election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Joe_Biden_from_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election\") on July 21.\n",
            "\n",
            "### September 10 presidential debate: Harris vs. Trump\n",
            "\n",
            "The second presidential debate was held on Tuesday, September 10 by [ABC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_News_/(United_States/) \"ABC News (United States)\")[\\[462\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-469) with 67.1 million viewers watching.[\\[463\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-470) Donald Trump had proposed a debate on Fox News instead of the ABC debate,[\\[464\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-471) but later accepted the debate on ABC.[\\[465\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-472) The debate was held at the [National Constitution Center](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Constitution_Center \"National Constitution Center\") in Philadelphia and lasted for about 100 minutes.[\\[466\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-cnnsept8-473) ABC's debate topics included abortion, the economy, foreign policy, and immigration.[\\[467\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-auto-474) Most news organizations declared Harris the winner of the debate,[\\[h\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Winner-484) and polling showed voters thought Harris won the debate by what _The Washington Post_ described as a \"historically large\" margin.[\\[477\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-485) During the debate, Trump made numerous false assertions and extreme statements, including false claims about [immigrants eating pets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springfield,_Ohio,_cat-eating_hoax \"Springfield, Ohio, cat-eating hoax\") and Democrats supporting infanticide.[\\[478\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-486) CNN found that Trump made over 30 false claims during the debate, but Harris only made one.[\\[479\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-487) Republicans attributed Trump's low debate performance to their perception of biased debate moderation by ABC News, because the moderators fact-checked him more than four times but did not fact-check Harris.[\\[480\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-488)[\\[481\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-politicosept11-489)\n",
            "\n",
            "### October 1 vice presidential debate: Vance vs. Walz\n",
            "\n",
            "Vice presidential candidates [JD Vance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JD_Vance \"JD Vance\") and [Tim Walz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Walz \"Tim Walz\") participated in a debate hosted by [CBS News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS_News \"CBS News\") in New York City on October 1.[\\[482\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-490) 43 million viewers watched the debate.[\\[483\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-491) Many debate watchers viewed the debate as \"positive\" and \"civil\". According to polling, both candidates polled about even among viewers who were asked who won the debate.[\\[484\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-492)\n",
            "\n",
            "### Minor debates and forums\n",
            "\n",
            "Various debates and forums have been held, sponsored by the [Free & Equal Elections Foundation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_%26_Equal_Elections_Foundation \"Free & Equal Elections Foundation\").\n",
            "\n",
            "See also\n",
            "--------\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [2024 United States elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_elections \"2024 United States elections\")\n",
            "    *   [2024 United States gubernatorial elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_gubernatorial_elections \"2024 United States gubernatorial elections\")\n",
            "    *   [2024 United States House of Representatives elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections \"2024 United States House of Representatives elections\")\n",
            "    *   [2024 United States Senate elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_elections \"2024 United States Senate elections\")\n",
            "*   [Timeline of the 2024 United States presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Timeline of the 2024 United States presidential election\")\n",
            "*   [Republican Party efforts to disrupt the 2024 United States presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_efforts_to_disrupt_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Republican Party efforts to disrupt the 2024 United States presidential election\")\n",
            "\n",
            "Notes\n",
            "-----\n",
            "\n",
            "1.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Fearmongering_11-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Fearmongering_11-1) Sources that describe Trump's 2024 campaign as using \"fearmongering\" and \"fear\" include:[\\[222\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-224)[\\[223\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-225)[\\[224\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-226)[\\[225\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-227)[\\[226\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-228)[\\[227\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-229)[\\[228\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-230)[\\[221\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Bender_09252024-223)[\\[229\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Gold_1012024-231)[\\[230\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Hutzler_09302024-232)\n",
            "2.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-62 \"Jump up\")** Attributed to multiple references:[\\[55\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-56)[\\[56\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-57)[\\[57\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-58)[\\[58\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-59)[\\[59\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-60)[\\[60\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-61)\n",
            "3.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-difference_440-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-difference_440-1) Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.\n",
            "4.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-441 \"Jump up\")** Kennedy dropped out of the race in August 2024, though he remains on the ballot in some states.\n",
            "5.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-444 \"Jump up\")** The _[FiveThirtyEight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveThirtyEight \"FiveThirtyEight\")_ forecast[\\[438\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-FiveThirtyEight-2024-442) and _[The Economist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economist \"The Economist\")_[\\[439\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Economist-2024-443) each rate only a handful of states as \"safe.\" States rated safe by all other forecasts but _FiveThirtyEight_ and _The Economist_ are omitted.\n",
            "6.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-ME/NE_454-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-ME/NE_454-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-ME/NE_454-2) Unlike the other 48 states and Washington, D.C., which award all of their electors to the candidate who receives the most votes in that state, Maine and Nebraska award two electors to the winner of the statewide vote and one each to the candidate who receives the most votes in each congressional district.\n",
            "7.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-455 \"Jump up\")** The boundaries of Nebraska's 2nd congressional district have since changed because of redistricting.\n",
            "8.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Winner_484-0 \"Jump up\")** Most news organizations declared Harris the winner of the presidential debate.[\\[468\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-475)[\\[469\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-476)[\\[470\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-477)[\\[471\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-478)[\\[472\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-479)[\\[473\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-480)[\\[474\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-481)[\\[475\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-482)[\\[476\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-483)\n",
            "\n",
            "External links\n",
            "--------------\n",
            "\n",
            "*   [\"Misinformation Dashboard: Election 2024. A tool tracking the topics and tactics of 2024 election misinformation\"](https://misinfodashboard.newslit.org/). [News Literacy Project](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_Literacy_Project \"News Literacy Project\"). 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.\n",
            "\n",
            "References\n",
            "----------\n",
            "\n",
            "1.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-1 \"Jump up\")** [\"Election Planning Calendar\"](http://www.essex-virginia.org/UserFiles/Servers/Server_62876/File/Voter%20Registration/Election%20Planning%20Calendar%20Through%202024%20%28ESSEX%29.pdf) (PDF). _Essex-Virginia.org_. [Essex County, Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essex_County,_Virginia \"Essex County, Virginia\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160207003141/http://www.essex-virginia.org/UserFiles/Servers/Server_62876/File/Voter%20Registration/Election%20Planning%20Calendar%20Through%202024%20%28ESSEX%29.pdf) (PDF) from the original on February 7, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2016.\n",
            "2.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-2 \"Jump up\")** Kinery, Emma (April 25, 2023). [\"Biden launches 2024 reelection campaign, promising to fulfill economic policy vision\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2023/04/25/joe-biden-announces-2024-reelection-campaign.html). CNBC. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230425102004/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/04/25/joe-biden-announces-2024-reelection-campaign.html) from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2023.\n",
            "3.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-3 \"Jump up\")** Gold, Michael; Nehamas, Nicholas (March 13, 2024). [\"Donald Trump and Joe Biden Clinch Their Party Nominations\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/12/us/politics/trump-republican-nomination.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240313034919/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/12/us/politics/trump-republican-nomination.html) from the original on March 13, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.\n",
            "4.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-4 \"Jump up\")** Quinn, Melissa; Kim, Ellis (July 19, 2024). [\"More Democrats join wave of lawmakers calling on Biden to drop out of 2024 race\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/democrats-biden-drop-out-2024/). _CBS News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240726234941/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/democrats-biden-drop-out-2024/) from the original on July 26, 2024. Retrieved August 7, 2024.\n",
            "5.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-5 \"Jump up\")** [\"The president has dropped of out the race. What's next?\"](https://www.cpr.org/2024/07/23/president-biden-drops-out-of-race-whats-next/). _Colorado Public Radio_. July 23, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240728121843/https://www.cpr.org/2024/07/23/president-biden-drops-out-of-race-whats-next/) from the original on July 28, 2024. Retrieved July 23, 2024.\n",
            "6.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-6 \"Jump up\")** [\"Party like it's 1968? History repeats itself, Biden decision throws Chicago DNC into uncertain future\"](https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/chicago-politics/party-like-its-1968-history-repeats-itself-biden-decision-throws-chicago-dnc-into-uncertain-future/3496610/). _[NBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC \"NBC\") Chicago_. July 21, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240723014742/https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/chicago-politics/party-like-its-1968-history-repeats-itself-biden-decision-throws-chicago-dnc-into-uncertain-future/3496610/) from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved July 24, 2024.\n",
            "7.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-7 \"Jump up\")** [\"Former President Donald Trump announces a White House bid for 2024\"](https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/15/politics/trump-2024-presidential-bid/index.html). _[CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\")_. November 16, 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230115195034/https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/15/politics/trump-2024-presidential-bid/index.html) from the original on January 15, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2024.\n",
            "8.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Los_Angeles_Times-2024_8-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Los_Angeles_Times-2024_8-1) Rector, Kevin (August 16, 2024). [\"News Analysis: Trump seeks to reclaim spotlight with old playbook of lying, talking smack to media\"](https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-08-16/2024-election-trump-news-conference-analysis). _[Los Angeles Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times \"Los Angeles Times\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0458-3035](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240823194457/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-08-16/2024-election-trump-news-conference-analysis) from the original on August 23, 2024. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "9.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Washington_Post-2024-2_9-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Washington_Post-2024-2_9-1) Kessler, Glenn (March 14, 2024). [\"Trump has a bunch of new false claims. Here's a guide\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/14/trump-crazy-new-claims-fact-checked/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240315001325/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/14/trump-crazy-new-claims-fact-checked/) from the original on March 15, 2024. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "10.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Washington_Post-2024_10-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Washington_Post-2024_10-1) Itkowitz, Colby; Allam, Hannah (August 19, 2024). [\"With false 'coup' claims, Trump primes supporters to challenge a Harris win\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/08/19/trump-stolen-election-coup-overthrow/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240824204443/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/08/19/trump-stolen-election-coup-overthrow/) from the original on August 24, 2024. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "11.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Associated_Press-2023_12-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Associated_Press-2023_12-1) Swenson, Ali; Kunzelman, Michael (November 18, 2023). [\"Fears of political violence are growing as the 2024 campaign heats up and conspiracy theories evolve\"](https://apnews.com/article/depape-paul-pelosi-qanon-conspiracy-theories-violence-390ad310fa34b0edb925d88540a7ddcd). _The Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240511205554/https://apnews.com/article/depape-paul-pelosi-qanon-conspiracy-theories-violence-390ad310fa34b0edb925d88540a7ddcd) from the original on May 11, 2024. Retrieved July 13, 2024. Trump has amplified social media accounts that promote QAnon, which grew from the far-right fringes of the internet to become a fixture of mainstream Republican politics ... In his 2024 campaign, Trump has ramped up his combative rhetoric with talk of retribution against his enemies. He recently joked about the hammer attack on Paul Pelosi and suggested that retired Gen. Mark Milley, a former Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman, should be executed for treason.\n",
            "12.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2022_13-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2022_13-1) Baker, Peter (December 1, 2022). [\"Trump Embraces Extremism as He Seeks to Reclaim Office\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/01/us/politics/trump-extremism-candidacy.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240416102953/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/01/us/politics/trump-extremism-candidacy.html) from the original on April 16, 2024. Retrieved July 13, 2024. Analysts and strategists see Mr. Trump's pivot toward the far right as a tactic to re-create political momentum ... Mr. Trump has long flirted with the fringes of American society as no other modern president has, openly appealing to prejudice based on race, religion, national origin and sexual orientation, among others ... Mr. Trump's expanding embrace of extremism has left Republicans once again struggling to figure out how to distance themselves from him.\n",
            "13.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023-2_14-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023-2_14-1) Riccardi, Nicholas; Price, Michelle L. (December 16, 2023). [\"Trump calls Biden the 'destroyer' of democracy despite his own efforts to overturn 2020 election\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-democracy-election-2024-f2f824f056ae9f81f4e688fe590f41b4). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231215220821/https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-democracy-election-2024-f2f824f056ae9f81f4e688fe590f41b4) from the original on December 15, 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2023.\n",
            "14.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-ABC_News-2024-2_15-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-ABC_News-2024-2_15-1) Charalambous, Peter; Pereira, Ivan (May 30, 2024). [\"Donald Trump becomes 1st US president tried and convicted of crimes\"](https://abcnews.go.com/US/former-president-donald-trump-found-guilty-manhattan-hush/story?id=110647273). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240809033345/https://abcnews.go.com/US/former-president-donald-trump-found-guilty-manhattan-hush/story?id=110647273) from the original on August 9, 2024. Retrieved August 9, 2024.\n",
            "15.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Pennsylvania_Assassination_16-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Pennsylvania_Assassination_16-1) [\"Biden condemns 'sick' attempt on Trump's life\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c98qnvn8dzeo). [BBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC \"BBC\"). July 14, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240714184148/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c98qnvn8dzeo) from the original on July 14, 2024. Retrieved July 14, 2024.\n",
            "16.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Florida_Assassination_17-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Florida_Assassination_17-1) [\"Trump 'assassination attempt': Suspect charged after second apparent plot\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/live-blog/trump-assassination-attempt-live-updates-rcna171241). [NBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_News \"NBC News\"). September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 24, 2024.\n",
            "17.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-BBC-2024_18-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-BBC-2024_18-1) [\"Seven swing states set to decide the 2024 US election\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c511pyn3xw3o). _www.bbc.com_. August 23, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240724045607/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c511pyn3xw3o) from the original on July 24, 2024. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "18.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-19 \"Jump up\")** For sources on this, see:\n",
            "    \n",
            "    *   [Edsall, Thomas B.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_B._Edsall \"Thomas B. Edsall\") (April 12, 2023). [\"How The Right Came To Embrace Intrusive Government\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/opinion/republican-party-intrusive-government.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230412100935/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/opinion/republican-party-intrusive-government.html) from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023. Republicans in states across the country are defiantly pushing for the criminalization of abortion — of the procedure, of abortifacient drugs and of those who travel out of state to terminate pregnancy... According to research provided to The Times by the Kaiser Family Foundation, states that have abortion bans at various early stages of pregnancy with no exception for rape or incest include Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia and Wisconsin.\n",
            "    *   Weisman, Jonathan (April 11, 2023). [\"Pressured by Their Base on Abortion, Republicans Strain to Find a Way Forward\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/11/us/politics/abortion-republicans-elections.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230411092928/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/11/us/politics/abortion-republicans-elections.html) from the original on April 11, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.\n",
            "    *   Godfrey, Elaine (May 4, 2022). [\"The GOP's Strange Turn Against Rape Exceptions\"](https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2022/05/supreme-court-overturn-roe-v-wade-no-rape-incest-exceptions/629747/). _The Atlantic_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220504102020/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2022/05/supreme-court-overturn-roe-v-wade-no-rape-incest-exceptions/629747/) from the original on May 4, 2022. Retrieved April 7, 2023.\n",
            "    \n",
            "19.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-20 \"Jump up\")** McCammon, Sarah (November 8, 2023). [\"Abortion rights win big in 2023 elections, again\"](https://www.npr.org/2023/11/08/1211429268/abortion-rights-2023-election-ohio-virginia-kentucky). [NPR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPR \"NPR\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231215090744/https://www.npr.org/2023/11/08/1211429268/abortion-rights-2023-election-ohio-virginia-kentucky) from the original on December 15, 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2023.\n",
            "20.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-21 \"Jump up\")** [\"Here's why abortion will be such a big issue for the ballot come November\"](https://www.nbcboston.com/news/local/heres-why-abortion-will-be-such-a-big-issue-for-the-ballot-come-november/3305057/). _NBC_. March 11, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240311222821/https://www.nbcboston.com/news/local/heres-why-abortion-will-be-such-a-big-issue-for-the-ballot-come-november/3305057/) from the original on March 11, 2024. Retrieved March 11, 2024.\n",
            "21.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-NBC-2024_22-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-NBC-2024_22-1) Sahil, Kapur (April 17, 2024). [\"7 big issues at stake in the 2024 election\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/issues-trump-biden-2024-election-health-care-abortion-tax-immigration-rcna147637). _NBC_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240703012241/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/issues-trump-biden-2024-election-health-care-abortion-tax-immigration-rcna147637) from the original on July 3, 2024. Retrieved April 17, 2024.\n",
            "22.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-23 \"Jump up\")** Arnsdorf, Isaac. [\"Trump brags about efforts to stymie border talks: 'Please blame it on me'\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/01/27/trump-border-biden/). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240128152344/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/01/27/trump-border-biden/) from the original on January 28, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.\n",
            "23.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Portland_Press_Herald-2024_24-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Portland_Press_Herald-2024_24-1) Gongloff, Mark (January 30, 2024). [\"The 2024 election just might turn on ... climate change?\"](https://www.pressherald.com/2024/01/30/opinion-the-2024-election-just-might-turn-on-climate-change/). _Portland Press Herald_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240213032748/https://www.pressherald.com/2024/01/30/opinion-the-2024-election-just-might-turn-on-climate-change/) from the original on February 13, 2024. Retrieved February 12, 2024.\n",
            "24.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024_25-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024_25-1) Andreoni, Manuela (January 16, 2024). [\"Climate is on the Ballot Around the World\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/16/climate/climate-is-on-the-ballot-around-the-world.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240116191827/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/16/climate/climate-is-on-the-ballot-around-the-world.html) from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024.\n",
            "25.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-26 \"Jump up\")** Fields, Gary; Sanders, Linley (December 15, 2023). [\"Americans agree that the 2024 election will be pivotal for democracy, but for different reasons\"](https://apnews.com/article/democracy-2024-election-trump-biden-poll-39309519c8473175c25ab5a305e629ba). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231216014504/https://apnews.com/article/democracy-2024-election-trump-biden-poll-39309519c8473175c25ab5a305e629ba) from the original on December 16, 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2023.\n",
            "26.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-27 \"Jump up\")** [\"Saving democracy is central to Biden's campaign messaging. Will it resonate with swing state voters?\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/saving-democracy-is-central-to-bidens-campaign-messaging-will-it-resonate-with-swing-state-voters-2/). CBS News. February 18, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240313092523/https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/saving-democracy-is-central-to-bidens-campaign-messaging-will-it-resonate-with-swing-state-voters-2/) from the original on March 13, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.\n",
            "27.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-28 \"Jump up\")** Cook, Charlie (March 2, 2023). [\"Will 2024 Be About the Economy, or the Candidates?\"](https://www.cookpolitical.com/analysis/national/national-politics/will-2024-be-about-economy-or-candidates). _[Cook Political Report](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Political_Report \"Cook Political Report\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230325201533/https://www.cookpolitical.com/analysis/national/national-politics/will-2024-be-about-economy-or-candidates) from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2023.\n",
            "28.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-29 \"Jump up\")** Manchester, Julia (January 29, 2023). [\"Republicans see education as winning issue in 2024\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3833724-republicans-see-education-as-winning-issue-in-2024/). _The Hill_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230129170545/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3833724-republicans-see-education-as-winning-issue-in-2024/) from the original on January 29, 2023. Retrieved July 9, 2023.\n",
            "29.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-30 \"Jump up\")** Ward, Alexander; Berg, Matt (October 20, 2023). [\"2024: The foreign policy election?\"](https://www.politico.com/newsletters/national-security-daily/2023/10/20/2024-the-foreign-policy-election-00122691). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231120235105/https://www.politico.com/newsletters/national-security-daily/2023/10/20/2024-the-foreign-policy-election-00122691) from the original on November 20, 2023. Retrieved November 20, 2023.\n",
            "30.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023-3_31-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023-3_31-1) Colvin, Jill; Miller, Zeke (November 27, 2023). [\"Trump says he will renew efforts to replace 'Obamacare' if he wins a second term\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-obamacare-health-care-biden-c2b1f5776310870deed2fb997b07fc2c). _[Associated Press](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press \"Associated Press\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231204043350/https://apnews.com/article/trump-obamacare-health-care-biden-c2b1f5776310870deed2fb997b07fc2c) from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved December 4, 2023.\n",
            "31.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-32 \"Jump up\")** [\"Here's where the 2024 presidential candidates stand on LGBTQ+ issues\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/2024-presidential-candidates-stand-lgbtq-issues/story?id=103313107). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231206183159/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/2024-presidential-candidates-stand-lgbtq-issues/story?id=103313107) from the original on December 6, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "32.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-33 \"Jump up\")** [\"How Democrats can pick a new candidate, step by step\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/07/21/open-convention-democrats-biden-drop-out/). _[Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Post \"Washington Post\")_. July 21, 2024.\n",
            "33.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-34 \"Jump up\")** [\"US Election guide: how does the election work?\"](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/us-election/9480396/US-Election-guide-how-does-the-election-work.html). _[The Daily Telegraph](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph \"The Daily Telegraph\")_. November 6, 2012. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151110114127/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/us-election/9480396/US-Election-guide-how-does-the-election-work.html) from the original on November 10, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2015.\n",
            "34.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-35 \"Jump up\")** Parks, Miles (April 9, 2024). [\"The most detailed look yet at the 'exodus' of local voting officials\"](https://www.npr.org/2024/04/09/1242811437/election-voting-officials-threats-turnover). _[National Public Radio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Public_Radio \"National Public Radio\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240610141524/https://www.npr.org/2024/04/09/1242811437/election-voting-officials-threats-turnover) from the original on June 10, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.\n",
            "35.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-36 \"Jump up\")** Timm, Jane C. (February 12, 2024). [\"Amateur fraud hunters bury election officials in public records requests\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/amateur-fraud-hunters-bury-election-officials-public-records-requests-rcna15432). _NBC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240729220340/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/amateur-fraud-hunters-bury-election-officials-public-records-requests-rcna15432) from the original on July 29, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.\n",
            "36.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-37 \"Jump up\")** Rascoe, Ayesha (November 7, 2019). [\"Who Was On The Trump-Ukraine Call?\"](https://www.npr.org/2019/11/07/775456663/who-was-on-the-trump-ukraine-call). [NPR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPR \"NPR\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240605213557/https://www.npr.org/2019/11/07/775456663/who-was-on-the-trump-ukraine-call) from the original on June 5, 2024. Retrieved May 31, 2024.\n",
            "37.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-38 \"Jump up\")** Bacon Jr., Perry (February 5, 2020). [\"What Happens When An Impeached President Runs For Reelection?\"](https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/trump-impeachment-acquitted/). _[FiveThirtyEight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveThirtyEight \"FiveThirtyEight\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240601001058/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/trump-impeachment-acquitted/) from the original on June 1, 2024. Retrieved May 31, 2024.\n",
            "38.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-39 \"Jump up\")** Halpert, Madeline; Drenon, Brandon (December 19, 2023). [\"Colorado Supreme Court kicks Trump off ballot, citing 'insurrection'\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67768873). _[BBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_News \"BBC News\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231220202057/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67768873) from the original on December 20, 2023. Retrieved December 21, 2023.\n",
            "39.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-40 \"Jump up\")** Smith, Mitch (February 28, 2024). [\"Judge Orders Trump Removed From Illinois Primary Ballots\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/28/us/trump-removal-illinois-primary-ballot.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240229005213/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/28/us/trump-removal-illinois-primary-ballot.html) from the original on February 29, 2024. Retrieved February 28, 2024.\n",
            "40.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Kazarian,_Grace-2023_41-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Kazarian,_Grace-2023_41-1) Freiman, Jordan; Kaufman, Katrina; Kazarian, Grace (December 28, 2023). [\"Maine secretary of state disqualifies Trump from primary ballot\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-maine-primary-ballot-disqualified-secretary-of-state-shenna-bellows/). CBS News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231229014916/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-maine-primary-ballot-disqualified-secretary-of-state-shenna-bellows/) from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.\n",
            "41.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-42 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump back on ballot in Colorado while state Republicans appeal ban to Supreme Court\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/colorado-republican-party-appeal-u-s-supreme-court-trump-ballot-ban/). [CBS News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS_News \"CBS News\"). December 28, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231229062034/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/colorado-republican-party-appeal-u-s-supreme-court-trump-ballot-ban/) from the original on December 29, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.\n",
            "42.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-43 \"Jump up\")** Frtize, John (March 4, 2024). [\"Supreme Court keeps Trump on Colorado ballot, rejecting 14th Amendment push\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/04/politics/trump-supreme-court-colorado-14th-amendment/index.html). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240304151515/https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/04/politics/trump-supreme-court-colorado-14th-amendment/index.html) from the original on March 4, 2024. Retrieved March 4, 2024.\n",
            "43.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-6_44-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-6_44-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-6_44-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-6_44-3) Yourish, Karen; Smart, Charlie (May 24, 2024). [\"Trump's Pattern of Sowing Election Doubt Intensifies in 2024\"](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/05/24/us/politics/trump-election-results-doubt.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240525011332/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/05/24/us/politics/trump-election-results-doubt.html?pgtype=Article&action=click&module=RelatedLinks) from the original on May 25, 2024. Retrieved May 25, 2024. Former President Donald J. Trump has baselessly and publicly cast doubt about the fairness of the 2024 election about once a day, on average, since he announced his candidacy for president, according to an analysis by The New York Times ... This rhetorical strategy — heads, I win; tails, you cheated — is a beloved one for Mr. Trump that predates even his time as a presidential candidate ... Long before announcing his candidacy, Mr. Trump and his supporters had been falsely claiming that President Biden was \"weaponizing\" the Justice Department to target him.\n",
            "44.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-45 \"Jump up\")** Samuels, Brett (June 13, 2022). [\"Trump releases 12-page response to Jan. 6 hearing\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/3522080-trump-releases-12-page-response-to-jan-6-hearing/). _[The Hill](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hill_/(newspaper/) \"The Hill (newspaper)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220619163035/https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/3522080-trump-releases-12-page-response-to-jan-6-hearing/) from the original on June 19, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2022.\n",
            "45.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-46 \"Jump up\")** Feinberg, Andrew (August 29, 2022). [\"Trump demands 'new election immediately' in bizarre post on Truth Social\"](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-new-election-truth-social-b2155158.html). _[The Independent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Independent \"The Independent\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221118175952/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-new-election-truth-social-b2155158.html) from the original on November 18, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2022.\n",
            "46.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-47 \"Jump up\")** Waldman, Michael (February 1, 2022). [\"How Bad Could the 2024 Election Be?\"](https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/how-bad-could-2024-election-be). _[Brennan Center for Justice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennan_Center_for_Justice \"Brennan Center for Justice\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221129140717/https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/how-bad-could-2024-election-be) from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved March 23, 2023.\n",
            "47.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-48 \"Jump up\")** Rutenberg, Jim; Corasaniti, Nick (July 13, 2024). [\"Unbowed by Jan. 6 Charges, Republicans Pursue Plans to Contest a Trump Defeat\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/13/us/politics/republican-election-campaign-2024.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240713192154/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/13/us/politics/republican-election-campaign-2024.html) from the original on July 13, 2024.\n",
            "48.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-49 \"Jump up\")** Broadwater, Luke (May 21, 2024). [\"House G.O.P. Moves to Crack Down on Noncitizen Voting, Sowing False Narrative\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/21/us/politics/republicans-noncitizen-voting-false-narrative.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240523003707/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/21/us/politics/republicans-noncitizen-voting-false-narrative.html) from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2024. Republicans are pushing legislation to crack down on voting by noncitizens, which happens rarely and is already illegal in federal elections, in a move that reinforces former President Donald J. Trump's efforts to delegitimize the 2024 results if he loses.\n",
            "49.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-50 \"Jump up\")** Swenson, Ali (May 18, 2024). [\"Noncitizen voting, already illegal in federal elections, becomes a centerpiece of 2024 GOP messaging\"](https://apnews.com/article/voting-immigrants-noncitizen-trump-republicans-2024-1c65429c152c2a10514b5156eacf9ca7). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240518130616/https://apnews.com/article/voting-immigrants-noncitizen-trump-republicans-2024-1c65429c152c2a10514b5156eacf9ca7) from the original on May 18, 2024. Retrieved May 18, 2024.\n",
            "50.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-51 \"Jump up\")** Levine, Sam; Leingang, Rachel (May 17, 2024). [\"Trump and Johnson spread unfounded fears by urging non-citizen voting ban\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/may/17/trump-johnson-non-citizen-voting-ban). _The Guardian_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240619170423/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/may/17/trump-johnson-non-citizen-voting-ban) from the original on June 19, 2024. Retrieved May 18, 2024.\n",
            "51.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-52 \"Jump up\")** Riccardi, Nicholas; Mascaro, Lisa (May 21, 2024). [\"Election deniers moving closer to GOP mainstream, report shows, as Trump allies fill Congress\"](https://apnews.com/article/congress-election-lies-2024-certification-president-460cde281d48e62e09e24c7573d6a9ff). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240521145524/https://apnews.com/article/congress-election-lies-2024-certification-president-460cde281d48e62e09e24c7573d6a9ff) from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2024.\n",
            "52.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-53 \"Jump up\")** Basu, Zachary (May 22, 2024). [\"Trump spreads false \"assassination\" claims as voters fear violence\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/05/22/trump-assassination-biden-fbi-violence). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240523020552/https://www.axios.com/2024/05/22/trump-assassination-biden-fbi-violence) from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2024. Former President Trump and his allies have already signaled they will not accept the results of the election if they believe it's \"unfair,\" reviving the type of rhetoric that helped incite the Jan. 6 Capitol riot.\n",
            "53.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-54 \"Jump up\")** Ibrahim, Nur (December 5, 2022). [\"Did Trump Say Election Fraud Allows for 'Termination' of US Constitution?\"](https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/trump-termination-us-constitution/). _Snopes_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230531041042/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/trump-termination-us-constitution/) from the original on May 31, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023. In sum, Trump posted on Truth Social that, what he believed to be, election fraud in the 2020 presidential election allows \"for the termination of all rules, regulations, and articles, even those found in the Constitution.\" For that reason, we rated this claim \"Correct Attribution.\"\n",
            "54.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-55 \"Jump up\")** Astor, Maggie (December 4, 2022). [\"Trump's Call for 'Termination' of Constitution Draws Rebukes\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/04/us/politics/trump-constitution-republicans.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221204194225/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/04/us/politics/trump-constitution-republicans.html) from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.\n",
            "55.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-56 \"Jump up\")** Olivia Ronaldi (December 6, 2023). [\"Trump says he would be a dictator only on 'Day One' if he wins a second term\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/donald-trump-sean-hannity-dictator-day-one/). CBS News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231206165724/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/donald-trump-sean-hannity-dictator-day-one/) from the original on December 6, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "56.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-57 \"Jump up\")** David A. Graham (December 6, 2023). [\"Trump Says He'll Be a Dictator on 'Day One'\"](https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/12/trump-says-hell-be-a-dictator-on-day-one/676247/). _The Atlantic_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231206170857/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/12/trump-says-hell-be-a-dictator-on-day-one/676247/) from the original on December 6, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "57.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-58 \"Jump up\")** Adam Wren (December 6, 2023). [\"Trump's 'dictator' remark jolts the 2024 campaign – and tests his GOP rivals on debate day\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2023/12/06/trump-dictator-remark-2024-campaign-00130392). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231206192854/https://www.politico.com/news/2023/12/06/trump-dictator-remark-2024-campaign-00130392) from the original on December 6, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "58.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-59 \"Jump up\")** David Jackson (December 6, 2023). [\"Donald Trump says he will be a 'dictator' only on 'day one.' Then he'll focus on drilling\"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2023/12/05/trump-dictator-day-one/71816204007/). _USA Today_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231206054726/http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2023/12/05/trump-dictator-day-one/71816204007/) from the original on December 6, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "59.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-60 \"Jump up\")** Michael Gold (December 6, 2023). [\"Trump Says He Wouldn't Be a Dictator, 'Except for Day 1'\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/05/us/politics/trump-fox-news-abuse-power.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231206042828/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/05/us/politics/trump-fox-news-abuse-power.html) from the original on December 6, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "60.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-61 \"Jump up\")** Mariana Alfero (December 6, 2023). [\"Trump says he wouldn't be a dictator 'except for Day One'\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/12/06/trump-dictator-day-one-hannity/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231209000947/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/12/06/trump-dictator-day-one-hannity/) from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "61.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-63 \"Jump up\")** Swan, Jonathan; Savage, Charlie; Haberman, Maggie (June 15, 2023). [\"The Radical Strategy Behind Trump's Promise to 'Go After' Biden\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/15/us/politics/trump-indictment-justice-department.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231209211754/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/15/us/politics/trump-indictment-justice-department.html) from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.\n",
            "62.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-64 \"Jump up\")** Arnsdorf, Isaac; Dawsey, Josh; Barrett, Devlin (November 5, 2023). [\"Trump and allies plot revenge, Justice Department control in a second term\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/05/trump-revenge-second-term/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231105234529/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/05/trump-revenge-second-term/) from the original on November 5, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2023.\n",
            "63.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-65 \"Jump up\")** Fields, Gary (November 27, 2023). [\"Trump hints at expanded role for the military within the US. A legacy law gives him few guardrails\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-military-insurrection-act-2024-election-03858b6291e4721991b5a18c2dfb3c36). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231210210436/https://apnews.com/article/trump-military-insurrection-act-2024-election-03858b6291e4721991b5a18c2dfb3c36) from the original on December 10, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2023.\n",
            "64.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-66 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump Is Lying About Another Election Being 'Stolen' From Him – The One Still A Year Away\"](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/trump-2024-election-lies_n_652040d0e4b09f4b8d401148). _HuffPost_. October 7, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231007162752/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/trump-2024-election-lies_n_652040d0e4b09f4b8d401148) from the original on October 7, 2023. Retrieved October 7, 2023.\n",
            "65.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-67 \"Jump up\")** Feuer, Alan; Haberman, Maggie (April 13, 2024). [\"Inside Donald Trump's Embrace of the Jan. 6 Rioters\"](https://web.archive.org/web/20240413202258/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/13/us/politics/trump-jan-6.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Archived from [the original](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/13/us/politics/trump-jan-6.html) on April 13, 2024. Retrieved April 14, 2024. Recently, however, his celebrations of the Capitol riot and those who took part in it have become more public as he has promoted a revisionist history of the attack and placed it at the heart of his 2024 presidential campaign ... Mr. Trump hasn't always embraced Jan. 6 — at least not openly ... Mr. Trump's embrace of Jan. 6 not only has meant describing the attack in which more than 100 police officers were injured as a \"love fest.\" It also has led him to tell a journalist that he wanted to march to the Capitol that day but that his team had prevented him from doing so.\n",
            "66.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-68 \"Jump up\")** Baker, Peter (December 9, 2023). [\"Talk of a Trump Dictatorship Charges the American Political Debate\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/09/us/politics/trump-dictatorship.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231209203046/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/09/us/politics/trump-dictatorship.html) from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.\n",
            "67.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-69 \"Jump up\")** Mizelle, Shawna (February 22, 2023). [\"Lawmakers in 32 states have introduced bills to restrict voting so far this legislative session\"](https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/22/politics/restrict-voting-bills-introduced-us/index.html). CNN. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231210004722/https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/22/politics/restrict-voting-bills-introduced-us/index.html) from the original on December 10, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.\n",
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            "69.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-71 \"Jump up\")** Gardner, Amy (March 26, 2021). [\"After Trump tried to intervene in the 2020 vote, state Republicans are moving to take more control of elections\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/republicans-election-control/2021/03/26/064fffcc-8cb4-11eb-a730-1b4ed9656258_story.html). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220614185326/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/republicans-election-control/2021/03/26/064fffcc-8cb4-11eb-a730-1b4ed9656258_story.html) from the original on June 14, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2023.\n",
            "70.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-72 \"Jump up\")** Multiple sources:\n",
            "    \n",
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            "    *   Luciano, Michael (April 23, 2024). [\"Lara Trump Boasts RNC Will Have 'People Who Can Physically Handle Ballots' on Election Day\"](https://www.mediaite.com/tv/lara-trump-boasts-rnc-will-have-people-who-can-physically-handle-ballots-on-election-day/). [Mediaite](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediaite \"Mediaite\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240511021402/https://www.mediaite.com/tv/lara-trump-boasts-rnc-will-have-people-who-can-physically-handle-ballots-on-election-day/) from the original on May 11, 2024. Retrieved July 18, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Lutz, Eric (April 19, 2024). [\"No, Trump's Plan to Deploy 100,000 Poll Workers Isn't About \"Election Integrity\"\"](https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/trump-campaign-poll-workers-election-integrity). _[Vanity Fair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_/(magazine/) \"Vanity Fair (magazine)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240419203305/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/trump-campaign-poll-workers-election-integrity) from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved July 18, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Timm, Jane C. (April 19, 2024). [\"Trump campaign, RNC pledge to deploy 100,000 attorneys and volunteers to monitor the vote\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-rnc-vote-monitor-election-integrity-rcna148557). NBC News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240422082808/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-rnc-vote-monitor-election-integrity-rcna148557) from the original on April 22, 2024. Retrieved July 18, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Slattery, Gram (April 19, 2024). [\"Trump campaign launches effort to fight voter fraud\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-campaign-launches-effort-fight-voter-fraud-2024-04-19/). Reuters. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240419164656/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-campaign-launches-effort-fight-voter-fraud-2024-04-19/) from the original on April 19, 2024. Retrieved July 18, 2024.\n",
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            "76.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-78 \"Jump up\")** Barnes, Julian E.; Thrush, Glenn; Myers, Steven Lee (September 4, 2024). [\"U.S. Announces Plan to Counter Russian Influence Ahead of 2024 Election\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/04/us/politics/russia-election-influence.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074009/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/04/us/politics/russia-election-influence.html) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 4, 2024.\n",
            "77.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-USA_Today-2024_79-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-USA_Today-2024_79-1) Collier, Kevin (August 14, 2024). [\"Google says it observed Iran trying to hack the Trump and Biden-Harris campaigns\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/security/google-says-observed-iran-trying-hack-trump-biden-harris-campaigns-rcna166645). _USA Today_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240816091952/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/security/google-says-observed-iran-trying-hack-trump-biden-harris-campaigns-rcna166645) from the original on August 16, 2024. Retrieved August 16, 2024.\n",
            "78.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-80 \"Jump up\")** Myers, Steven Lee; Hsu, Tiffany; Fassihi, Farnaz (September 4, 2024). [\"Iran Emerges as a Top Disinformation Threat in U.S. Presidential Race\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/04/business/media/iran-disinformation-us-presidential-race.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240904160052/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/04/business/media/iran-disinformation-us-presidential-race.html/) from the original on September 4, 2024.\n",
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            "80.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-82 \"Jump up\")** [\"How Trump's criminal and civil cases could shape the 2024 campaign\"](https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/how-trumps-criminal-and-civil-cases-could-shape-the-2024-campaign). _PBS NewsHour_. December 28, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240414044859/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/how-trumps-criminal-and-civil-cases-could-shape-the-2024-campaign) from the original on April 14, 2024. Retrieved April 14, 2024.\n",
            "81.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-83 \"Jump up\")** Gamio, Lazaro; Yourish, Karen; Haag, Matthew; Bromwich, Jonah E.; Haberman, Maggie; Lai, K.K. Rebecca (May 30, 2024). [\"The Trump Manhattan Criminal Verdict, Count By Count\"](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/05/30/nyregion/trump-hush-money-verdict.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240530210216/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/05/30/nyregion/trump-hush-money-verdict.html) from the original on May 30, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.\n",
            "82.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-4_84-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-4_84-1) Qiu, Linda (May 31, 2024). [\"Trump and Allies Assail Conviction With Faulty Claims\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/31/us/politics/trump-speech-fact-check.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240601040801/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/31/us/politics/trump-speech-fact-check.html) from the original on June 1, 2024. Retrieved June 9, 2024.\n",
            "83.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-85 \"Jump up\")** [\"Keeping Track of the Trump Criminal Cases\"](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/us/trump-investigations-charges-indictments.html). _The New York Times_. July 26, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240427135145/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/us/trump-investigations-charges-indictments.html) from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
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            "85.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-87 \"Jump up\")** Blake, Aaron (July 19, 2023). [\"Judge clarifies: Yes, Trump was found to have raped E. Jean Carroll\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/07/19/trump-carroll-judge-rape/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240116123815/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/07/19/trump-carroll-judge-rape/) from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "86.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-88 \"Jump up\")** Queen, Jack; Cohen, Luc (May 9, 2023). [\"Jury finds Trump sexually abused writer E. Jean Carroll, awards her $5 mln\"](https://www.reuters.com/legal/jurors-set-deliberate-civil-rape-case-against-donald-trump-2023-05-09/). _Reuters_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230509190650/https://www.reuters.com/legal/jurors-set-deliberate-civil-rape-case-against-donald-trump-2023-05-09/) from the original on May 9, 2023. Retrieved May 9, 2023.\n",
            "87.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-89 \"Jump up\")** Stempel, Jonathan (March 28, 2023). [\"Trump fails to narrow rape accuser's case as trial looms\"](https://www.reuters.com/legal/trump-fails-narrow-rape-accusers-case-trial-looms-2023-03-28/). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230405210226/https://www.reuters.com/legal/trump-fails-narrow-rape-accusers-case-trial-looms-2023-03-28/) from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved March 29, 2023.\n",
            "88.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-90 \"Jump up\")** Boboltz, Sara (January 26, 2024). [\"Jury Awards E. Jean Carroll Over $80 Million In Case Against Trump\"](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/trump-e-jean-carroll-defamation-assault-verdict_n_65b3cac3e4b0d407294ef204). _HuffPost_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240127020539/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/trump-e-jean-carroll-defamation-assault-verdict_n_65b3cac3e4b0d407294ef204) from the original on January 27, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.\n",
            "89.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Reuters-2024_91-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Reuters-2024_91-1) Lange, Jason (April 10, 2024). [\"Trump hush money charges seen as serious by most voters, Reuters/Ipsos finds\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-hush-money-charges-seen-serious-by-most-voters-reutersipsos-finds-2024-04-10/). _Reuters_. [Archived](https://archive.today/20240410131110/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-hush-money-charges-seen-serious-by-most-voters-reutersipsos-finds-2024-04-10/) from the original on April 10, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "90.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-92 \"Jump up\")** [\"Two-thirds of registered voters say Trump's hush money charges are serious\"](https://www.ipsos.com/en-us/two-thirds-registered-voters-say-trumps-hush-money-charges-are-serious). _Ipsos_. April 10, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240427000528/https://www.ipsos.com/en-us/two-thirds-registered-voters-say-trumps-hush-money-charges-are-serious) from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "91.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-93 \"Jump up\")** Thompson, Alex; Nichols, Hans (June 1, 2024). [\"Poll: 49% of Independents think Trump should drop out post-guilty verdict\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/06/01/poll-trump-conviction-election-independent-voters). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240601175022/https://www.axios.com/2024/06/01/poll-trump-conviction-election-independent-voters) from the original on June 1, 2024. Retrieved June 1, 2024.\n",
            "92.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-94 \"Jump up\")** Bushard, Brian (June 1, 2024), \"First Polls After Trump Conviction: Warning Signs For Republican\", _Forbes_\n",
            "93.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-95 \"Jump up\")** Feuer, Alan; Haberman, Maggie (March 14, 2024). [\"Trump's Court Delays Pile Up While the Presidential Race Gathers Speed\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/14/us/politics/trump-trial-delays-manhattan-documents.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240428013541/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/14/us/politics/trump-trial-delays-manhattan-documents.html) from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "94.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-96 \"Jump up\")** Knutson, Jacob (January 9, 2024). [\"Where the legal debate stands on whether Trump can pardon himself\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/01/09/trump-pardon-felony-president). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240428013541/https://www.axios.com/2024/01/09/trump-pardon-felony-president) from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "95.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-97 \"Jump up\")** Hurley, Lawrence (July 1, 2024). [\"Supreme Court provides win to Trump, ruling he has immunity for many acts in election interference indictment\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/supreme-court/supreme-court-rules-trump-may-immunity-federal-election-inter-rcna149135). NBC News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240701143716/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/supreme-court/supreme-court-rules-trump-may-immunity-federal-election-inter-rcna149135) from the original on July 1, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.\n",
            "96.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-98 \"Jump up\")** Fisher, Joe (July 1, 2024). [\"Supreme Court rules Trump has partial immunity for official acts only\"](https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2024/07/01/supreme-court-trump-immunity-opinion/2581719843674). _United Press International_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240701175056/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2024/07/01/supreme-court-trump-immunity-opinion/2581719843674/) from the original on July 1, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.\n",
            "97.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-99 \"Jump up\")** [Savage, Charlie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Savage_/(author/) \"Charlie Savage (author)\") (July 1, 2024). [\"Highlights of the Supreme Court Ruling on Presidential Immunity\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/01/us/politics/supreme-court-immunity-ruling-highlights.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240702183135/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/01/us/politics/supreme-court-immunity-ruling-highlights.html) from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.\n",
            "98.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-100 \"Jump up\")** Ramey, Corinne; Fanelli, James (July 2, 2024). [\"Judge Delays Trump Hush-Money Sentencing to Rule on Immunity\"](https://www.wsj.com/us-news/law/trump-cites-immunity-ruling-in-request-to-throw-out-hush-money-conviction-0acb36f8?mod=hp_lead_pos1). _Wall Street Journal_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240704065411/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/law/trump-cites-immunity-ruling-in-request-to-throw-out-hush-money-conviction-0acb36f8?mod=hp_lead_pos1) from the original on July 4, 2024. Retrieved July 3, 2024.\n",
            "99.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-101 \"Jump up\")** Grenoble, Ryan (September 6, 2024). [\"Judge Postpones Trump's Hush Money Sentencing Until After The Election\"](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-hush-money-sentencing-date-merchan_n_66db0dd8e4b0abbb7b448bd1). _HuffPost_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240906172359/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-hush-money-sentencing-date-merchan_n_66db0dd8e4b0abbb7b448bd1) from the original on September 6, 2024. Retrieved September 6, 2024.\n",
            "100.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-102 \"Jump up\")** Barrett, Devlin; Stein, Perry (July 2, 2024). [\"Justice Dept. plans to pursue Trump cases past Election Day, even if he wins\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2024/07/02/justice-dept-trump-prosecute-after-election/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240703221057/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2024/07/02/justice-dept-trump-prosecute-after-election/) from the original on July 3, 2024. Retrieved July 4, 2024.\n",
            "101.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-103 \"Jump up\")** Cheney, Kyle; Gerstein, Josh (July 1, 2024). [\"Trump's election subversion case heads back to Judge Chutkan. But it may never reach a jury\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/01/supreme-court-immunity-trump-case-election-00166057). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240702173339/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/01/supreme-court-immunity-trump-case-election-00166057) from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 4, 2024.\n",
            "102.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-104 \"Jump up\")** [\"Rep. Schiff calls on Biden to drop out, citing 'serious concerns' that he can't win\"](https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-07-17/schiff-calls-on-biden-to-drop-out-citing-serious-concerns-that-he-can-win). _Los Angeles Times_. July 17, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240719090526/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-07-17/schiff-calls-on-biden-to-drop-out-citing-serious-concerns-that-he-can-win) from the original on July 19, 2024. Retrieved July 18, 2024.\n",
            "103.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-105 \"Jump up\")** [\"Biden steps aside as Democratic presidential nominee\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2024/07/21/election-2024-biden-trump-campaign-updates/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240721131822/https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2024/07/21/election-2024-biden-trump-campaign-updates/) from the original on July 21, 2024. Retrieved July 21, 2024.\n",
            "104.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-106 \"Jump up\")** Garrity, Kelly (February 11, 2024). [\"Poll: Overwhelming majority of Americans think Biden is too old for another term\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/11/poll-biden-too-old-for-another-term-00140852). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240213044558/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/11/poll-biden-too-old-for-another-term-00140852) from the original on February 13, 2024. Retrieved February 13, 2024.\n",
            "105.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-107 \"Jump up\")** [\"Age isn't just a number. It's a profound and growing problem for Biden\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/08/biden-mental-fitness-major-focus-00140503). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. February 8, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240209185017/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/08/biden-mental-fitness-major-focus-00140503) from the original on February 9, 2024. Retrieved February 9, 2024.\n",
            "106.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-108 \"Jump up\")** Lerer, Lisa; Igielnik, Ruth (March 3, 2024). [\"Majority of Biden's 2020 Voters Now Say He's Too Old to Be Effective\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/03/us/politics/biden-age-trump-poll.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240303155011/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/03/us/politics/biden-age-trump-poll.html) from the original on March 3, 2024. Retrieved March 3, 2024.\n",
            "107.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Independent-2024_109-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Independent-2024_109-1) Kilander, Gustaf (August 7, 2024). [\"Half of voters voice concerns about Trump's age ahead of election\"](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/donald-trump-age-polls-2024-election-b2592619.html). _The Independent_.\n",
            "108.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-110 \"Jump up\")** Messerly, Megan; Ward, Myah (August 16, 2024). [\"Age-based attacks are boomeranging back on Trump\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/16/harris-trump-old-age-2024-00174466). _Politico_.\n",
            "109.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-111 \"Jump up\")** Langer, Gary (July 11, 2024). [\"Biden and Trump tied despite debate, as 67% call for president to drop out: POLL\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-age-campaign-poll/story?id=111825221). _[ABC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_News_/(United_States/) \"ABC News (United States)\")_.\n",
            "110.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-wapojuly22_112-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-wapojuly22_112-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-wapojuly22_112-2) Kranish, Michael (July 22, 2024). [\"Trump's age and health under renewed scrutiny after Biden's exit\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/07/22/trump-age-health/). _Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240723001043/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/07/22/trump-age-health/) from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved August 20, 2024.\n",
            "111.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_Republic-2024_113-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_Republic-2024_113-1) Rashid, Hafiz (August 8, 2024). [\"Cognitive Decline? Experts Find Evidence Trump's Mind Is Slowing\"](https://newrepublic.com/post/184690/cognitive-decline-experts-find-evidence-trumps-mind-slowing). _The New Republic_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0028-6583](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-6583). Retrieved August 19, 2024.\n",
            "112.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-114 \"Jump up\")** Baker, Peter; Freedman, Dylan (October 6, 2024). [\"Trump's Speeches, Increasingly Angry and Rambling, Reignite the Question of Age\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/06/us/politics/trump-speeches-age-cognitive-decline.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241008051103/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/06/us/politics/trump-speeches-age-cognitive-decline.html) from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved October 8, 2024.\n",
            "113.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-115 \"Jump up\")** Wierson, Arick (April 14, 2022). [\"Why Trump's offhand comment about his health could be a watershed moment\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/trumps-comment-health-watershed-moment-2024-election-rcna24298). _MSNBC_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074541/https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/trumps-comment-health-watershed-moment-2024-election-rcna24298) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved August 20, 2024. 'notoriously secretive about sharing his health records with the public...deliberately misleading and even dishonest about his health'\n",
            "114.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-116 \"Jump up\")** [\"Editorial: One candidate is patently unfit for the White House. It's not Biden\"](https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2024-07-11/la-trump-unfit-for-office-biden-election). _Los Angeles Times_. July 11, 2024. Retrieved August 20, 2024.\n",
            "115.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-117 \"Jump up\")** Price, Michelle L. (April 5, 2024). [\"Former Trump officials are among the most vocal opponents of returning him to the White House\"](https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/former-trump-officials-are-among-the-most-vocal-opponents-of-returning-him-to-the-white-house). _PBS News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074048/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/former-trump-officials-are-among-the-most-vocal-opponents-of-returning-him-to-the-white-house) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved August 20, 2024.\n",
            "116.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-118 \"Jump up\")** Pengelly, Martin (July 11, 2024). [\"New York Times editorial board declares Trump 'unfit to lead'\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/11/new-york-times-trump-unfit). _The Guardian_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0261-3077](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911073957/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/11/new-york-times-trump-unfit) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved August 20, 2024.\n",
            "117.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-119 \"Jump up\")** Mosk, Matthew; Faulders, Katherine (August 21, 202). [\"Trump's checkered hiring record widens as Bannon joins list of indicted insiders\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trumps-checkered-hiring-record-widens-bannon-joins-list/story?id=72523011). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240801020004/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trumps-checkered-hiring-record-widens-bannon-joins-list/story?id=72523011) from the original on August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.\n",
            "118.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-120 \"Jump up\")** Schlesinger, Robert (July 29, 2024). [\"J.D. Vance Proves It: Trump Hires the Very Worst People\"](https://newrepublic.com/article/184328/jd-vance-trump-hires-terrible-judgment). _The New Republic_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0028-6583](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-6583). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074504/https://newrepublic.com/article/184328/jd-vance-trump-hires-terrible-judgment) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.\n",
            "119.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-121 \"Jump up\")** Bynum, Ross (March 30, 2023). [\"Among 160 years of presidential scandals, Trump stands alone\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-indictment-past-presidential-scandals-6fe9d423c42ea7fd945befcb4dd83704). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074432/https://apnews.com/article/trump-indictment-past-presidential-scandals-6fe9d423c42ea7fd945befcb4dd83704) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved August 2, 2024.\n",
            "120.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-122 \"Jump up\")** Pezenik, Sasha; Margolin, Josh (February 2, 2024). [\"The top threats facing the 2024 election\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/2024-election-face-complicated-array-threats-dhs/story?id=106879560). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240707005110/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/2024-election-face-complicated-array-threats-dhs/story?id=106879560) from the original on July 7, 2024. Retrieved July 13, 2024.\n",
            "121.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-123 \"Jump up\")** Solender, Andrew (May 30, 2024). [\"Lawmakers fear potential unrest after Trump verdict\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/05/31/congress-violence-trump-guilty-verdict). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240703234559/https://www.axios.com/2024/05/31/congress-violence-trump-guilty-verdict) from the original on July 3, 2024. Retrieved July 13, 2024.\n",
            "122.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-124 \"Jump up\")** Hakim, Danny; Bensinger, Ken; Sullivan, Eileen (May 20, 2024). [\"'We'll See You at Your House': How Fear and Menace Are Transforming Politics\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/19/us/politics/political-violence.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240624192316/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/19/us/politics/political-violence.html) from the original on June 24, 2024. Retrieved July 13, 2024.\n",
            "123.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-125 \"Jump up\")** Walton, Daniel (July 30, 2024). [\"'Ripe for political violence': US election officials are quitting at an alarming rate\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jul/30/us-election-officials-leaving-2024-elections-north-carolina). _The Guardian_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240408072653/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jul/30/us-election-officials-leaving-2024-elections-north-carolina) from the original on April 8, 2024. Retrieved July 13, 2024.\n",
            "124.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-126 \"Jump up\")** Baker, Peter (September 16, 2024). [\"Trump, Outrage and the Modern Era of Political Violence\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/16/us/politics/trump-violence-assassination-attempt.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240926210759/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/16/us/politics/trump-violence-assassination-attempt.html) from the original on September 26, 2024. Retrieved September 28, 2024. At the heart of today's eruption of political violence is Mr. Trump, a figure who seems to inspire people to make threats or take actions both for him and against him. He has long favored the language of violence in his political discourse, encouraging supporters to beat up hecklers, threatening to shoot looters and undocumented migrants, mocking a near-fatal attack on the husband of the Democratic House speaker and suggesting that a general he deemed disloyal be executed.\n",
            "125.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Perspectives_on_Terrorism-2020_127-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Perspectives_on_Terrorism-2020_127-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Perspectives_on_Terrorism-2020_127-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Perspectives_on_Terrorism-2020_127-3) Nacos, Brigitte L.; Shapiro, Robert Y.; Bloch-Elkon, Yaeli (2020). \"Donald Trump: Aggressive Rhetoric and Political Violence\". _[Perspectives on Terrorism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspectives_on_Terrorism \"Perspectives on Terrorism\")_. **14** (5). [International Centre for Counter-Terrorism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Centre_for_Counter-Terrorism \"International Centre for Counter-Terrorism\"): 2–25. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [2334-3745](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2334-3745). [JSTOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSTOR_/(identifier/) \"JSTOR (identifier)\") [26940036](https://www.jstor.org/stable/26940036).\n",
            "126.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-It's_About_Hate-2022_128-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-It's_About_Hate-2022_128-1) Piazza, James; Van Doren, Natalia (October 8, 2022). [\"It's About Hate: Approval of Donald Trump, Racism, Xenophobia and Support for Political Violence\"](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1532673X221131561). _[American Politics Research](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Politics_Research \"American Politics Research\")_. **51** (3): 299–314. [doi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_/(identifier/) \"Doi (identifier)\"):[10.1177/1532673X221131561](https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1532673X221131561). [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [1532-673X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1532-673X). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240929000738/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1532673X221131561) from the original on September 29, 2024. Retrieved September 28, 2024.\n",
            "127.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-129 \"Jump up\")** Layne, Nathan; Slattery, Gram; Reid, Tim (April 3, 2024). [\"Trump calls migrants 'animals,' intensifying focus on illegal immigration\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-expected-highlight-murder-michigan-woman-immigration-speech-2024-04-02/). _Reuters_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240617123326/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-expected-highlight-murder-michigan-woman-immigration-speech-2024-04-02/) from the original on June 17, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024. While speaking of Laken Riley – a 22-year-old nursing student from Georgia allegedly murdered by a Venezuelan immigrant in the country illegally – Trump said some immigrants were sub-human. \"The Democrats say, 'Please don't call them animals. They're humans.' I said, 'No, they're not humans, they're not humans, they're animals,'\" said Trump, president from 2017 to 2021.\n",
            "128.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-7_130-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-7_130-1) Haberman, Maggie; Nehamas, Nicholas; McFadden, Alyce (October 3, 2023). [\"Trump Said Shoplifters Should Be Shot, Part of a String of Violent Remarks\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/03/us/politics/trump-indictments-shoplifters-violence.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231008234203/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/03/us/politics/trump-indictments-shoplifters-violence.html) from the original on October 8, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.\n",
            "129.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-5_131-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-5_131-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-5_131-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-5_131-3) Gabriel, Trip (October 5, 2023). [\"Trump Escalates Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric With 'Poisoning the Blood' Comment\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/05/us/politics/trump-immigration-rhetoric.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240117102659/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/05/us/politics/trump-immigration-rhetoric.html) from the original on January 17, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.\n",
            "130.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Washington_Post-2023_132-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Washington_Post-2023_132-1) LeVine, Marianne (November 12, 2023). [\"Trump calls political enemies 'vermin,' echoing dictators Hitler, Mussolini\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/12/trump-rally-vermin-political-opponents). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231113051831/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/12/trump-rally-vermin-political-opponents/) from the original on November 13, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2023.\n",
            "131.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-2_133-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-2_133-1) Gold, Michael; Huynh, Anjali (April 2, 2024). [\"Trump Again Invokes 'Blood Bath' and Dehumanizes Migrants in Border Remarks\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/us/politics/trump-border-blood-bath.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240402234017/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/us/politics/trump-border-blood-bath.html) from the original on April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024.\n",
            "132.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-134 \"Jump up\")** Basu, Zachary (October 4, 2023). [\"Trump's words turn violent as pressure on him builds\"](https://www.axios.com/2023/10/04/trumps-words-turn-violent-pressure-builds). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240710150740/https://www.axios.com/2023/10/04/trumps-words-turn-violent-pressure-builds) from the original on July 10, 2024. Retrieved July 13, 2024.\n",
            "133.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-135 \"Jump up\")** Attributed to multiple sources:[\\[125\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-Perspectives_on_Terrorism-2020-127)[\\[126\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-It's_About_Hate-2022-128)[\\[127\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-129)[\\[128\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-7-130)[\\[129\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2023-5-131)[\\[130\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_Washington_Post-2023-132)[\\[131\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-2024-2-133)[\\[132\\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_note-134)\n",
            "134.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-136 \"Jump up\")** Ibssa, Lalee; Kim, Soo Rin (April 30, 2024). [\"Trump says 'it depends' if there will be violence if he loses 2024 election to Biden\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-asked-violence-loses-november-election-biden-depends/story?id=109787140). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240430182158/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-asked-violence-loses-november-election-biden-depends/story?id=109787140) from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.\n",
            "135.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-9_137-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-9_137-1) Barnes, Julian E.; Gold, Michael; Levien, Simon J. (July 13, 2024). [\"Live Updates: Trump 'Safe' After Shooting at Rally; Suspect Killed\"](https://www.nytimes.com/live/2024/07/13/us/biden-trump-election). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240713223053/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2024/07/13/us/biden-trump-election) from the original on July 13, 2024. Retrieved July 13, 2024.\n",
            "136.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-138 \"Jump up\")** [\"FBI identifies Thomas Matthew Crooks as 'subject involved' in Trump rally shooting\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/fbi-identifies-thomas-matthew-crooks-subject-involved-trump-rally-shooting-2024-07-14/). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. July 14, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240714061941/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/fbi-identifies-thomas-matthew-crooks-subject-involved-trump-rally-shooting-2024-07-14/) from the original on July 14, 2024. Retrieved July 14, 2024.\n",
            "137.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-139 \"Jump up\")** Cheatle, Kimberly (July 15, 2024). [\"Statement From U.S. Secret Service Director Kimberly Cheatle\"](https://www.secretservice.gov/newsroom/releases/2024/07/statement-us-secret-service-director-kimberly-cheatle) (Press release). [United States Secret Service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service \"United States Secret Service\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240715190946/https://www.secretservice.gov/newsroom/releases/2024/07/statement-us-secret-service-director-kimberly-cheatle) from the original on July 15, 2024. Retrieved July 15, 2024. Secret Service personnel on the ground moved quickly during the incident, with our counter sniper team neutralizing the shooter and our agents implementing protective measures to ensure the safety of former president Donald Trump.\n",
            "138.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-140 \"Jump up\")** Hagopian, Alicja (July 20, 2024). [\"Assassination attempt or domestic terrorism? FBI investigates Trump shooter's motives\"](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-shooting-assassination-terrorism-motive-b2582048.html). _The Independent_. Retrieved August 12, 2024.\n",
            "139.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-nbc25_141-0 \"Jump up\")** Nobles, Ryan; Reilly, Ryan J.; Thorp V, Frank (September 25, 2024). [\"Bipartisan report on Trump shooting identifies Secret Service tech issues and 'preventable' mistakes\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/bipartisan-report-trump-shooting-secret-service-failures-tech-rcna172433). _NBC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240928141432/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/bipartisan-report-trump-shooting-secret-service-failures-tech-rcna172433) from the original on September 28, 2024. Retrieved September 28, 2024.\n",
            "140.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-CNN_Sept_142-0 \"Jump up\")** Picheta, Rob (September 16, 2024). [\"What we know about Ryan Wesley Routh, the suspect in the apparent second Trump assassination attempt\"](https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/16/us/ryan-routh-trump-what-we-know-intl-hnk/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240923082026/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/16/us/ryan-routh-trump-what-we-know-intl-hnk/index.html) from the original on September 23, 2024. Retrieved September 27, 2024.\n",
            "141.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-143 \"Jump up\")** Eileen Sullivan (April 13, 2024). [\"Election Workers Face Flood of Threats, but Charges Are Few\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/13/us/politics/election-workers-threats.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241005065258/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/13/us/politics/election-workers-threats.html) from the original on October 5, 2024. Retrieved September 28, 2024.\n",
            "142.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-144 \"Jump up\")** Tonya Alanez; Samantha J. Gross (September 17, 2024). [\"FBI, USPS intercept suspicious envelope sent to Mass. elections division\"](https://www.bostonglobe.com/2024/09/17/metro/fbi-intercepts-suspicious-package-sent-to-mass-elections-office/). _[The Boston Globe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Boston_Globe \"The Boston Globe\")_.\n",
            "143.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-145 \"Jump up\")** McArdle, Megan (May 21, 2015). [\"2016 Might Look Safe to Democrats. But 2024?\"](http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-05-21/2016-might-look-safe-to-democrats-but-2024-). [Bloomberg L.P.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P. \"Bloomberg L.P.\") [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151023080613/http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-05-21/2016-might-look-safe-to-democrats-but-2024-) from the original on October 23, 2015. Retrieved October 30, 2015.\n",
            "144.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-146 \"Jump up\")** Janda, Kenneth (2013). _The Challenge of Democracy: American Government in Global Politics_. Wadsworth. p. 218\\. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_/(identifier/) \"ISBN (identifier)\") [978-1-133-60230-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-133-60230-9 \"Special:BookSources/978-1-133-60230-9\").\n",
            "145.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-147 \"Jump up\")** Neale, Thomas (2012). [_The Electoral College: How It Works in Contemporary Presidential Elections_](https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL32611.pdf) (PDF). [Congressional Research Service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service \"Congressional Research Service\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201004222933/https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL32611.pdf) (PDF) from the original on October 4, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2015.\n",
            "146.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-148 \"Jump up\")** Mondeaux, Cami (December 30, 2022). [\"Who's in and who's out: Here are the battleground states to watch in 2024\"](https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/here-are-battleground-states-to-watch-in-2024). _The Washington Examiner_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221230151848/https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/here-are-battleground-states-to-watch-in-2024) from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved May 25, 2023.\n",
            "147.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-149 \"Jump up\")** [\"Over Two Decades, Much of the West Has Turned Blue. Why Hasn't Texas?\"](https://www.governing.com/politics/over-two-decades-much-of-the-west-has-turned-blue-why-hasnt-texas). _governing.com_. December 12, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240530140905/https://www.governing.com/politics/over-two-decades-much-of-the-west-has-turned-blue-why-hasnt-texas) from the original on May 30, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.\n",
            "148.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-150 \"Jump up\")** [\"Oregon odds strongly favor Democrats – Your guide to the 2024 elections\"](https://wng.org/roundups/oregon-odds-strongly-favor-democrats-1716475037). _wng.org_. May 23, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240703012246/https://wng.org/roundups/oregon-odds-strongly-favor-democrats-1716475037) from the original on July 3, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.\n",
            "149.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-151 \"Jump up\")** Levitz, Eric (October 19, 2022). [\"How the Diploma Divide Is Remaking American Politics\"](https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/10/education-polarization-diploma-divide-democratic-party-working-class.html). _[New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_/(magazine/) \"New York (magazine)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221020215535/https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/10/education-polarization-diploma-divide-democratic-party-working-class.html) from the original on October 20, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2022. Blue America is an increasingly wealthy and well-educated place. Throughout the second half of the 20th century, Americans without college degrees were more likely than university graduates to vote Democratic. But that gap began narrowing in the late 1960s before finally flipping in 2004... A more educated Democratic coalition is, naturally, a more affluent one... In every presidential election from 1948 to 2012, white voters in the top 5 percent of America's income distribution were more Republican than those in the bottom 95 percent. Now, the opposite is true: Among America's white majority, the rich voted to the left of the middle class and the poor in 2016 and 2020, while the poor voted to the right of the middle class and the rich.\n",
            "150.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-152 \"Jump up\")** [Edsall, Thomas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_B._Edsall \"Thomas B. Edsall\") (February 1, 2023). [\"How Much Longer Can 'Vote Blue No Matter Who!' Last?\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/01/opinion/democratic-party-coalition.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230208032609/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/01/opinion/democratic-party-coalition.html) from the original on February 8, 2023. Retrieved February 8, 2023.\n",
            "151.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-153 \"Jump up\")** Goldberg, Zach (January 31, 2023). [\"The Rise of College-Educated Democrats\"](https://www.manhattan-institute.org/rise-of-college-educated-democrats). _Manhattan Institute_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230208032134/https://www.manhattan-institute.org/rise-of-college-educated-democrats) from the original on February 8, 2023. Retrieved February 8, 2023.\n",
            "152.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-154 \"Jump up\")** Munis, Kal; Jacobs, Nicholas (October 20, 2022). [\"Why Resentful Rural Americans Vote Republican\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/10/20/midterms-rural-urban-divide-resentment/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221020235510/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/10/20/midterms-rural-urban-divide-resentment/) from the original on October 20, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2022. ...that the disproportionately White, older, more religious, less affluent and less highly educated voters who live in rural areas are more likely to hold socially conservative views generally championed by Republicans. Meanwhile, urban areas are filled with younger, more racially diverse, more highly educated and more affluent people who hold the more socially liberal views generally championed by Democrats.\n",
            "153.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-155 \"Jump up\")** Brownstein, Roland (August 10, 2021). [\"This may be the Democrats' last chance to recover working-class Whites\"](https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/10/politics/democrats-blue-collar-voters/index.html). CNN. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230526052428/https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/10/politics/democrats-blue-collar-voters/index.html) from the original on May 26, 2023. Retrieved May 25, 2023.\n",
            "154.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-156 \"Jump up\")** Charen, Mona (November 9, 2018). [\"Who Votes Republican\"](https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2018/11/09/who_votes_republican_138604.html#!). _RealClearPolitics.com_. Real Clear Politics. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20181116084528/https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2018/11/09/who_votes_republican_138604.html#!) from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2023.\n",
            "155.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-157 \"Jump up\")** Cost, Jay. [\"Losing the Suburbs\"](https://www.aei.org/articles/losing-the-suburbs/). _AEI.com_. AEI. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200221003525/https://www.aei.org/articles/losing-the-suburbs/) from the original on February 21, 2020. Retrieved May 25, 2023.\n",
            "156.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-158 \"Jump up\")** Gonyea, Don (March 31, 2021). [\"Amid Changing Political Landscape, Suburbs No Longer Belong To GOP\"](https://www.npr.org/2021/03/31/982953836/amid-changing-political-landscape-suburbs-no-longer-belong-to-gop). NPR. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210331093657/https://www.npr.org/2021/03/31/982953836/amid-changing-political-landscape-suburbs-no-longer-belong-to-gop) from the original on March 31, 2021. Retrieved May 25, 2023.\n",
            "157.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-159 \"Jump up\")** Thompson, Alex (August 1, 2024). [\"Harris ditches Biden's strategy with \"freedom\" focus\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/08/01/kamala-harris-joe-biden-president-strategy-election). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240801175846/https://www.axios.com/2024/08/01/kamala-harris-joe-biden-president-strategy-election) from the original on August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.\n",
            "158.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-160 \"Jump up\")** Miller, Zeke; Megerian, Chris; Boak, Josh (July 24, 2024). [\"Harris tells roaring Wisconsin crowd November election is 'a choice between freedom and chaos'\"](https://apnews.com/article/harris-election-president-wisconsin-democrats-012c6474b8b23960d2cf616e92989a4b). _The Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240801053652/https://apnews.com/article/harris-election-president-wisconsin-democrats-012c6474b8b23960d2cf616e92989a4b) from the original on August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.\n",
            "159.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-161 \"Jump up\")** McCammon, Sarah (September 10, 2024). [\"The Harris campaign takes its attacks against Trump over abortion on the road\"](https://www.npr.org/2024/09/10/nx-s1-5099060/harris-campaign-abortion-reproductive-freedom-bus-tour-ivf-trump). _NPR_.\n",
            "160.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-162 \"Jump up\")** Hutzler, Alexandra (July 23, 2024). [\"The prosecutor vs. the felon. Democrats see winning contrast between Harris and Trump\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/prosecutor-felon-democrats-winning-contrast-harris-trump/story?id=112198602). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240731235706/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/prosecutor-felon-democrats-winning-contrast-harris-trump/story?id=112198602) from the original on July 31, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.\n",
            "161.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-7_163-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-7_163-1) Epstein, Reid J. (July 29, 2024). [\"Why the Kamala Harris of Four Years Ago Could Haunt Her in 2024\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/us/politics/kamala-harris-2020-positions.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240804235849/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/us/politics/kamala-harris-2020-positions.html) from the original on August 4, 2024. Retrieved August 5, 2024.\n",
            "162.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-164 \"Jump up\")** Sullivan, Helen (August 15, 2024). [\"Kamala Harris economic plan to focus on groceries, housing and healthcare\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/aug/14/kamala-harris-economic-policy-aides). _The Guardian_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0261-3077](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077). Retrieved September 19, 2024.\n",
            "163.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-165 \"Jump up\")** Luhby, Tami (July 28, 2024). [\"Harris and Trump want to strengthen the middle class. It could use the help\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/28/politics/kamala-harris-trump-middle-class/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240730172716/https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/28/politics/kamala-harris-trump-middle-class/index.html) from the original on July 30, 2024. Retrieved August 17, 2024.\n",
            "164.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-166 \"Jump up\")** Rogers, Katie (August 9, 2024). [\"Harris Used to Worry About Laughing. Now Joy Is Fueling Her Campaign\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/09/us/politics/kamala-harris-walz-joy.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240823021901/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/09/us/politics/kamala-harris-walz-joy.html) from the original on August 23, 2024.\n",
            "165.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-167 \"Jump up\")** Zhang, Christine; Lemonides, Alex; Igielnik, Ruth (August 23, 2024). [\"Democrats Say the Joy Is Back. Here's What the Data Says\"](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/08/23/us/elections/2024-election-feelings-harris-trump.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240824140217/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/08/23/us/elections/2024-election-feelings-harris-trump.html) from the original on August 24, 2024.\n",
            "166.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-168 \"Jump up\")** Ray, Siladitya. [\"Harris Campaign Adds Policy Platform To Website After GOP Taunts—And Draws Contrast With 'Trump's Project 2025 Agenda'\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/siladityaray/2024/09/09/harris-campaign-adds-policy-platform-to-website-after-gop-taunts-and-draws-contrast-with-trumps-project-2025-agenda/). _Forbes_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240909114121/https://www.forbes.com/sites/siladityaray/2024/09/09/harris-campaign-adds-policy-platform-to-website-after-gop-taunts-and-draws-contrast-with-trumps-project-2025-agenda/) from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "167.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-169 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump, Harris tied on eve of televised presidential debate\"](https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/breaking-news/trump-harris-tied-on-eve-of-televised-presidential-debate/news-story/fa3f0df0a07d64732159ba9687c3d546). _[The Daily Telegraph](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph_/(Sydney/) \"The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)\")_. [Agence-France Press](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agence-France_Press&action=edit&redlink=1 \"Agence-France Press (page does not exist)\"). September 9, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240909114157/https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/breaking-news/trump-harris-tied-on-eve-of-televised-presidential-debate/news-story/fa3f0df0a07d64732159ba9687c3d546) from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "168.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-170 \"Jump up\")** Alexandra Hutzler (November 2, 2023). [\"Trump's 'retribution' campaign theme has apparent roots in old Confederate code, new book says\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trumps-retribution-campaign-theme-apparent-roots-confederate-code/story?id=104553311). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240926133945/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trumps-retribution-campaign-theme-apparent-roots-confederate-code/story?id=104553311) from the original on September 26, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "169.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-171 \"Jump up\")** Allan Smith (April 26, 2023). [\"Trump zeroes in on a key target of his 'retribution' agenda: Government workers\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-retribution-agenda-government-workers-schedule-f-rcna78785). _NBC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074445/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-retribution-agenda-government-workers-schedule-f-rcna78785) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "170.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-172 \"Jump up\")** Maggie Haberman; Shane Goldmacher (March 7, 2023). [\"Trump, Vowing 'Retribution,' Foretells a Second Term of Spite\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/07/us/politics/trump-2024-president.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231205174058/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/07/us/politics/trump-2024-president.html) from the original on December 5, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "171.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-173 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump: 'My Revenge Will Be Success'\"](https://www.nysun.com/article/my-revenge-will-be-success). _The New York Sun_. February 21, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240721025657/https://www.nysun.com/article/my-revenge-will-be-success) from the original on July 21, 2024. Retrieved July 21, 2024.\n",
            "172.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-174 \"Jump up\")** Parker, Ashley (September 23, 2024). [\"Donald Trump's imaginary and frightening world\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/09/23/trump-imaginary-world/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240924030135/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/09/23/trump-imaginary-world/) from the original on September 24, 2024. Retrieved September 25, 2024.\n",
            "173.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-175 \"Jump up\")** Seitz-Wald, Alex (September 20, 2024). [\"Apocalypse delayed: Trump keeps promising a doom that never comes\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/apocalypse-delayed-trump-promising-doom-never-comes-rcna170151). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240924065554/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/apocalypse-delayed-trump-promising-doom-never-comes-rcna170151) from the original on September 24, 2024. Retrieved September 25, 2024.\n",
            "174.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Parker_03172024_176-0 \"Jump up\")** Parker, Ashley; LeVine, Marianne; Godwin, Ross (March 11, 2024). [\"Trump's freewheeling speeches offer a dark vision of a second term\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/11/trump-campaign-speech-anatomy/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240311161549/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/11/trump-campaign-speech-anatomy/) from the original on March 11, 2024. Retrieved March 17, 2024.\n",
            "175.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Washington_Post-2024-3_177-0 \"Jump up\")** Parker, Ashley; LeVine, Marianne; Godwin, Ross (March 11, 2024). [\"Trump's freewheeling speeches offer a dark vision of a second term\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/11/trump-campaign-speech-anatomy/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240311161549/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/11/trump-campaign-speech-anatomy/) from the original on March 11, 2024. Retrieved March 17, 2024.\n",
            "176.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-178 \"Jump up\")** Peter, Smith (May 18, 2024). [\"Jesus is their savior, Trump is their candidate. Ex-president's backers say he shares faith, values\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-christian-evangelicals-conservatives-2024-election-43f25118c133170c77786daf316821c3). _The Associated Press_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240524232811/https://apnews.com/article/trump-christian-evangelicals-conservatives-2024-election-43f25118c133170c77786daf316821c3) from the original on May 24, 2024. Retrieved June 2, 2024.\n",
            "177.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-179 \"Jump up\")** Multiple sources:\n",
            "    \n",
            "    *   Snyder, Timothy (January 9, 2021). [\"The American Abyss\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/09/magazine/trump-coup.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210109201658/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/09/magazine/trump-coup.html) from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Ben-Ghiat, Ruth (January 25, 2021). [\"Opinion: Trump's big lie wouldn't have worked without his thousands of little lies\"](https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/25/opinions/big-lie-ben-ghiat/index.html). _[CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220603024721/https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/25/opinions/big-lie-ben-ghiat/index.html) from the original on June 3, 2022. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Wolfe, Jan; Heavey, Susan (January 25, 2021). [\"Trump lawyer Giuliani faces $1.3 billion lawsuit over 'big lie' election fraud claims\"](https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-usa-election-dominion-idUKKBN29U206). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220620182931/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-usa-election-dominion-idUKKBN29U206) from the original on June 20, 2022. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Block, Melissa (January 16, 2021). [\"Can The Forces Unleashed By Trump's Big Election Lie Be Undone?\"](https://www.npr.org/2021/01/16/957291939/can-the-forces-unleashed-by-trumps-big-election-lie-be-undone). _[NPR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPR \"NPR\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211128071931/https://www.npr.org/2021/01/16/957291939/can-the-forces-unleashed-by-trumps-big-election-lie-be-undone) from the original on November 28, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2022.\n",
            "    *   Pilkington, Ed (January 24, 2021). [\"Donald Trump is gone but his big lie is a rallying call for rightwing extremists\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/24/donald-trump-big-lie-american-democracy). _[The Guardian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian \"The Guardian\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220611231540/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/24/donald-trump-big-lie-american-democracy) from the original on June 11, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2022.\n",
            "    *   [\"Evan McMullin and Miles Taylor on the need for \"rational Republicans\"\"](https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2021/05/19/evan-mcmullin-and-miles-taylor-on-the-need-for-rational-republicans). _[The Economist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economist \"The Economist\")_. May 19, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220618100653/https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2021/05/19/evan-mcmullin-and-miles-taylor-on-the-need-for-rational-republicans) from the original on June 18, 2022. Retrieved August 24, 2024. Its leaders shamelessly propagated former President Donald Trump's \"Big Lie\"\n",
            "    *   Stanley-Becker, Isaac (September 25, 2021). [\"Election fraud, QAnon, Jan. 6: Far-right extremists in Germany read from a pro-Trump script\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/09/25/german-election-far-right-trump/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211231025940/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/09/25/german-election-far-right-trump/) from the original on December 31, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2022.\n",
            "    \n",
            "178.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-180 \"Jump up\")** Multiple sources:\n",
            "    \n",
            "    *   Brian Stelter (November 30, 2020). [\"'Firehose of falsehood:' How Trump is trying to confuse the public about the election outcome\"](https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/30/media/trump-election-confusion-reliable-sources/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201130051851/https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/30/media/trump-election-confusion-reliable-sources/index.html) from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Maza, Carlos (August 31, 2018). [\"Why obvious lies make great propaganda\"](https://www.vox.com/2018/8/31/17804104/strikethrough-lies-propaganda-trump-putin). _Vox_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180901002818/https://www.vox.com/2018/8/31/17804104/strikethrough-lies-propaganda-trump-putin) from the original on September 1, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Zappone, Chris (October 12, 2016). [\"Donald Trump campaign's 'firehose of falsehoods' has parallels with Russian propaganda\"](https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/donald-trump-campaigns-firehose-of-falsehoods-has-parallels-with-russian-propaganda-20160809-gqo044.html). _The Sydney Morning Herald_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180314143040/https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/donald-trump-campaigns-firehose-of-falsehoods-has-parallels-with-russian-propaganda-20160809-gqo044.html) from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "    *   Harford, Tim (May 6, 2021). [\"What magic teaches us about misinformation\"](https://www.ft.com/content/5cea69f0-7d44-424e-a121-78a21564ca35). _Financial Times_. [Archived](https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/5cea69f0-7d44-424e-a121-78a21564ca35) from the original on December 10, 2022.\n",
            "    *   Clifton, Denise (August 3, 2017). [\"Trump's nonstop lies may be a far darker problem than many realize\"](https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2017/08/trump-nonstop-lies/). _Mother Jones_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120425/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2017/08/trump-nonstop-lies/) from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "    *   [\"'Morning Joe' Rips Trump for 'Firehose of Falsehoods' and 'Nazi-Like Propaganda' on COVID\"](https://www.thewrap.com/morning-joe-propaganda-covid/). _TheWrap_. December 17, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211005011046/https://www.thewrap.com/morning-joe-propaganda-covid/) from the original on October 5, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "    \n",
            "179.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-181 \"Jump up\")** Wren, Adam; Ward, Myah; Mitovich, Jared (August 3, 2024). [\"Trump goes low as Harris gains ground\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/03/trump-harris-georgia-00172560). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240806093738/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/03/trump-harris-georgia-00172560) from the original on August 6, 2024. Retrieved August 6, 2024.\n",
            "180.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Gold_08282024_182-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Gold_08282024_182-1) Gold, Michael (August 28, 2024). [\"Trump Reposts Crude Sexual Remark About Harris on Truth Social\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/28/us/politics/trump-truth-social-posts.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240828230508/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/28/us/politics/trump-truth-social-posts.html) from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved August 28, 2024. Though he has a history of making crass insults about his opponents, the reposts signal Mr. Trump's willingness to continue to shatter longstanding norms of political speech.\n",
            "181.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-183 \"Jump up\")** Tesler, Michael (August 27, 2024). [\"3 reasons why racist attacks on Harris could backfire\"](https://abcnews.go.com/538/3-reasons-racist-attacks-harris-backfire/story?id=113178995). _[FiveThirtyEight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveThirtyEight \"FiveThirtyEight\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240828025250/https://abcnews.go.com/538/3-reasons-racist-attacks-harris-backfire/story?id=113178995) from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved August 28, 2024.\n",
            "182.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-184 \"Jump up\")** VandeHei, Jim; Allen, Mike (August 16, 2024). [\"Behind the Curtain: Trump's \"caught on tape\" women problem\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/08/16/trump-vance-women-problem-voters). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240828202432/https://www.axios.com/2024/08/16/trump-vance-women-problem-voters) from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved August 28, 2024.\n",
            "183.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-185 \"Jump up\")** Arnsdorf, Isaac (July 30, 2024). [\"Trump suggests Harris would struggle with world leaders based on her appearance\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/07/30/trump-harris-play-toy-comment/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240801010418/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/07/30/trump-harris-play-toy-comment/) from the original on August 1, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.\n",
            "184.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-186 \"Jump up\")** [\"Here's why abortion will be such a big issue for the ballot come November\"](https://www.nbcboston.com/news/local/heres-why-abortion-will-be-such-a-big-issue-for-the-ballot-come-november/3305057/). _NBC_. March 11, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240311222821/https://www.nbcboston.com/news/local/heres-why-abortion-will-be-such-a-big-issue-for-the-ballot-come-november/3305057/) from the original on March 11, 2024. Retrieved August 9, 2024.\n",
            "185.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023_187-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023_187-1) For sources on this, see:\n",
            "    \n",
            "    *   [Edsall, Thomas B.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_B._Edsall \"Thomas B. Edsall\") (April 12, 2023). [\"How The Right Came To Embrace Intrusive Government\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/opinion/republican-party-intrusive-government.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230412100935/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/opinion/republican-party-intrusive-government.html) from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023. Republicans in states across the country are defiantly pushing for the criminalization of abortion — of the procedure, of abortifacient drugs and of those who travel out of state to terminate pregnancy... According to research provided to The Times by the Kaiser Family Foundation, states that have abortion bans at various early stages of pregnancy with no exception for rape or incest include Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia and Wisconsin.\n",
            "    *   Allison, Natalie (June 24, 2022). [\"Roe reversal divides 2024 GOP field\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2022/06/24/roe-reversal-divides-2024-gop-field-00042346). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220628202834/https://www.politico.com/news/2022/06/24/roe-reversal-divides-2024-gop-field-00042346) from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved June 25, 2022.\n",
            "    *   Weisman, Jonathan (April 11, 2023). [\"Pressured by Their Base on Abortion, Republicans Strain to Find a Way Forward\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/11/us/politics/abortion-republicans-elections.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230411092928/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/11/us/politics/abortion-republicans-elections.html) from the original on April 11, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.\n",
            "    *   Godfrey, Elaine (May 4, 2022). [\"The GOP's Strange Turn Against Rape Exceptions\"](https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2022/05/supreme-court-overturn-roe-v-wade-no-rape-incest-exceptions/629747/). _The Atlantic_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220504102020/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2022/05/supreme-court-overturn-roe-v-wade-no-rape-incest-exceptions/629747/) from the original on May 4, 2022. Retrieved April 7, 2023.\n",
            "    \n",
            "186.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-188 \"Jump up\")** Shapero, Julia (June 24, 2022). [\"Trump credits himself for abortion ruling\"](https://www.axios.com/2022/06/24/trump-credits-himself-for-abortion-ruling). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231216041325/https://www.axios.com/2022/06/24/trump-credits-himself-for-abortion-ruling) from the original on December 16, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "187.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-189 \"Jump up\")** [\"States where abortion is on the ballot in the 2024 election\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/abortion-ballot-measures/). _Washington Post_. September 4, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240905071415/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/abortion-ballot-measures/) from the original on September 5, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "188.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-190 \"Jump up\")** Roth, Samantha-Jo. [\"Harris banks on abortion ballot measures for Southwest path to victory\"](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/harris-banks-on-abortion-ballot-measures-for-southwest-path-to-victory/ar-AA1oxuJJ). _Washington Examiner_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074546/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/harris-banks-on-abortion-ballot-measures-for-southwest-path-to-victory/ar-AA1oxuJJ) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "189.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-191 \"Jump up\")** [\"Abortion Rights Are on the Ballot in Arizona. Will It Impact the Presidential Race?\"](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/abortion-rights-are-on-the-ballot-in-arizona-will-it-impact-the-presidential-race/ar-AA1qdHmS?ocid=BingNewsSerp). _The Wall Street Journal_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074546/https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize?client_id=d7b530a4-7680-4c23-a8bf-c52c121d2e87&scope=User.Read%20openid%20profile%20offline_access&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fstaticsb%2Fstatics%2Flatest%2Fauth%2Fauth-redirect-blank.html&client-request-id=a3610fad-e9b8-47e2-805f-104a730179e5&response_mode=fragment&response_type=code&x-client-SKU=msal.js.browser&x-client-VER=2.18.0&x-client-OS=&x-client-CPU=&client_info=1&code_challenge=sUso6bz9X7u19yBGVxn1aBnv5GUz6zmaJW0wJJjraj0&code_challenge_method=S256&prompt=none&nonce=688f2ea7-b1c3-4da7-83dc-9804bb4552e7&state=eyJpZCI6ImNiNTE3MTU1LWRlOTUtNDQzYy1hYTY2LTNhNmEwMDFhNDg3NyIsIm1ldGEiOnsiaW50ZXJhY3Rpb25UeXBlIjoic2lsZW50In19) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "190.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-192 \"Jump up\")** Bickerton, James. [\"Is Florida in Play for Kamala Harris?\"](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/is-florida-in-play-for-kamala-harris/ar-AA1qeKVX?ocid=BingNewsSerp). _Newsweek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911074546/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/is-florida-in-play-for-kamala-harris/ar-AA1qeKVX?ocid=BingNewsSerp) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "191.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-193 \"Jump up\")** Feiner, Lauren (May 20, 2022). [\"Democratic senators concerned about phone location data being used to track people seeking abortions\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/20/democrats-urge-ftc-protect-data-privacy-for-people-seeking-abortions.html). _CNBC_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220520165916/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/20/democrats-urge-ftc-protect-data-privacy-for-people-seeking-abortions.html) from the original on May 20, 2022. Retrieved April 12, 2023.\n",
            "192.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-194 \"Jump up\")** Kilgore, Ed (June 21, 2023). [\"House GOP Forges Ahead on Wildly Unpopular National Abortion Ban\"](https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2023/06/house-gop-forges-ahead-on-unpopular-national-abortion-ban.html). _Intelligencer_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231115065948/https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2023/06/house-gop-forges-ahead-on-unpopular-national-abortion-ban.html) from the original on November 15, 2023. Retrieved November 15, 2023.\n",
            "193.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-195 \"Jump up\")** Messerly, Megan; Ollstein, Alice Miranda (July 29, 2024). [\"Kamala Harris' call for 'reproductive freedom' means restoring Roe\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/29/kamala-harris-abortion-restoring-roe-00171657). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240821202234/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/29/kamala-harris-abortion-restoring-roe-00171657) from the original on August 21, 2024. Retrieved August 9, 2024.\n",
            "194.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-3) [_**e**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-4) [_**f**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-5) [_**g**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-6) [_**h**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-7) [_**i**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-8) [_**j**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-9) [_**k**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-10) [_**l**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-3_196-11) Astor, Maggie (July 21, 2024). [\"Where Kamala Harris Stands on the Issues: Abortion, Immigration and More\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/21/us/politics/kamala-harris-abortion-immigration-economy-israel.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240721215822/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/21/us/politics/kamala-harris-abortion-immigration-economy-israel.html) from the original on July 21, 2024. Retrieved July 22, 2024.\n",
            "195.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-197 \"Jump up\")** Prokop, Andrew (August 23, 2024). [\"Kamala Harris just revealed her formula for taking down Trump\"](https://www.vox.com/2024-elections/368489/kamala-harris-dnc-speech-takeaways-analysis). _Vox_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240823083521/https://www.vox.com/2024-elections/368489/kamala-harris-dnc-speech-takeaways-analysis) from the original on August 23, 2024. Retrieved August 23, 2024.\n",
            "196.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-198 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump: 'I was able to kill Roe v. Wade'\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-was-able-kill-roe-v-wade-rcna84897). NBC News. May 17, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240205132002/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-was-able-kill-roe-v-wade-rcna84897) from the original on February 5, 2024. Retrieved February 5, 2024.\n",
            "197.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-199 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump criticizes Republicans pushing abortion bans with no exceptions: 'You're not going to win'\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-bring-country-together-abortion-meet-the-press-rcna105311). NBC News. September 16, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240205173558/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-bring-country-together-abortion-meet-the-press-rcna105311) from the original on February 5, 2024. Retrieved February 5, 2024.\n",
            "198.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Time-2024_200-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Time-2024_200-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Time-2024_200-2) Cortellessa, Eric (April 30, 2024). [\"How Far Trump Would Go\"](https://time.com/6972021/donald-trump-2024-election-interview/). _[Time](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_/(magazine/) \"Time (magazine)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240511000706/https://time.com/6972021/donald-trump-2024-election-interview/) from the original on May 11, 2024. Retrieved May 11, 2024.\n",
            "199.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-201 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump pivoted on Florida's abortion ban. Here's what anti-abortion leaders want next\"](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/trump-pivoted-on-florida-s-abortion-ban-here-s-what-anti-abortion-leaders-want-next/ar-AA1q2bI7?ocid=BingNewsSerp). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911075103/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/trump-pivoted-on-florida-s-abortion-ban-here-s-what-anti-abortion-leaders-want-next/ar-AA1q2bI7?ocid=BingNewsSerp) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "200.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-202 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump calls for universal coverage of IVF treatment with no specifics on how his plan would work\"](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/trump-to-visit-swing-districts-in-michigan-and-wisconsin-as-battleground-campaigning-increases/ar-AA1pCmXf?ocid=BingNewsSerp). _AP_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240911075036/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/trump-to-visit-swing-districts-in-michigan-and-wisconsin-as-battleground-campaigning-increases/ar-AA1pCmXf?ocid=BingNewsSerp) from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "201.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-203 \"Jump up\")** Leonhardt, David (January 17, 2024). [\"A 2024 Vulnerability\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/17/briefing/immigration-policy-democrats.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240126192037/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/17/briefing/immigration-policy-democrats.html) from the original on January 26, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.\n",
            "202.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-204 \"Jump up\")** [\"Americans agree that the 2024 election will be pivotal for democracy, but for different reasons\"](https://apnews.com/article/democracy-2024-election-trump-biden-poll-39309519c8473175c25ab5a305e629ba). _Associated Press_. December 15, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231216014504/https://apnews.com/article/democracy-2024-election-trump-biden-poll-39309519c8473175c25ab5a305e629ba) from the original on December 16, 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2023.\n",
            "203.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-205 \"Jump up\")** M. Jones, Jeffrey (July 12, 2024). [\"Sharply More Americans Want to Curb Immigration to U.S.\"](https://news.gallup.com/poll/647123/sharply-americans-curb-immigration.aspx) _Gallup_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240720215320/https://news.gallup.com/poll/647123/sharply-americans-curb-immigration.aspx) from the original on July 20, 2024. Retrieved July 21, 2024.\n",
            "204.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-206 \"Jump up\")** Frankovic, Kathy (August 19, 2021). [\"White Republicans see the white population decline in America as a bad thing\"](https://today.yougov.com/politics/articles/37643-white-republicans-see-white-population-decline). _[YouGov](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouGov \"YouGov\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231129194903/https://today.yougov.com/politics/articles/37643-white-republicans-see-white-population-decline) from the original on November 29, 2023. Retrieved July 21, 2024.\n",
            "205.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-207 \"Jump up\")** [\"America's immigration policies are failing\"](https://www.economist.com/united-states/2024/01/25/how-americas-failed-immigration-policies-might-cost-joe-biden-the-election). _The Economist_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240126191707/https://www.economist.com/united-states/2024/01/25/how-americas-failed-immigration-policies-might-cost-joe-biden-the-election) from the original on January 26, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.\n",
            "206.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-208 \"Jump up\")** Montoya-Galvez, Camilo (July 1, 2024). [\"Illegal crossings at U.S.-Mexico border fall to 3-year low, the lowest level under Biden\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/border-crossings-us-mexico-border-june-2024/). _CBS News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240710231729/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/border-crossings-us-mexico-border-june-2024/) from the original on July 10, 2024. Retrieved July 12, 2024.\n",
            "207.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Politico-2024_209-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Politico-2024_209-1) Daniels, Eugene; Schneider, Elena (August 9, 2024). [\"Harris promises to go tough on border security\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/09/harris-promises-to-go-tough-on-border-security-00173485). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240811003141/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/09/harris-promises-to-go-tough-on-border-security-00173485) from the original on August 11, 2024. Retrieved August 10, 2024.\n",
            "208.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-210 \"Jump up\")** Alvarez, Priscilla; Blackburn, Piper Hudspeth (July 31, 2024). [\"Harris goes on offensive on immigration, comparing her record with Trump's\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/30/politics/harris-immigration-trump/index.html). _[CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240731030729/https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/30/politics/harris-immigration-trump/index.html) from the original on July 31, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024.\n",
            "209.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-211 \"Jump up\")** Arnsdorf, Isaac (January 28, 2024). [\"Trump brags about efforts to stymie border talks: 'Please blame it on me'\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/01/27/trump-border-biden/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240128000000/https://web.archive.org/web/20240128152344/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/01/27/trump-border-biden/) from the original on January 28, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.\n",
            "210.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-212 \"Jump up\")** Hammond, Elise; Shen, Michelle; Forrest, Jack; Shelton, Shania (February 7, 2024). [\"Senate GOP blocks bipartisan border deal and foreign aid package in key vote\"](https://edition.cnn.com/politics/live-news/senate-vote-border-bill-aid-02-07-24/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240324052232/https://edition.cnn.com/politics/live-news/senate-vote-border-bill-aid-02-07-24/index.html) from the original on March 24, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024.\n",
            "211.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-213 \"Jump up\")** Kane, Paul (February 7, 2024). [\"Senate Republicans retreating into the same ungovernable chaos as House GOP\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/02/07/senate-republicans-retreating-into-same-ungovernable-chaos-house-gop/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240207191403/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/02/07/senate-republicans-retreating-into-same-ungovernable-chaos-house-gop/) from the original on February 7, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024.\n",
            "212.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-214 \"Jump up\")** Jacqueline Alemany; Marianna Sotomayor; Leigh Ann Caldwell; Liz Goodwin (January 7, 2024). [\"GOP leaders face unrest amid chaotic, bungled votes\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/02/07/republicans-disarray-house-senate-border/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240619170449/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/02/07/republicans-disarray-house-senate-border/) from the original on June 19, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024.\n",
            "213.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-215 \"Jump up\")** Liz Goodwin; Leigh Ann Caldwell; Abigail Hauslohner (February 7, 2024). [\"Senate GOP blocks border deal; future of Ukraine, Israel aid unclear\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/02/07/senate-border-security-vote/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240208172040/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/02/07/senate-border-security-vote/) from the original on February 8, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024.\n",
            "214.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-216 \"Jump up\")** Richard Cowan; Picas Costas (February 5, 2024). [\"US Senate unveils $118 billion bill on border security, aid for Ukraine, Israel\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-unveils-118-billion-bipartisan-bill-tighten-border-security-aid-2024-02-04/). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240605222353/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-unveils-118-billion-bipartisan-bill-tighten-border-security-aid-2024-02-04/) from the original on June 5, 2024. Retrieved February 5, 2024.\n",
            "215.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-217 \"Jump up\")** Restuccia, Andrew; Hackman, Michelle (August 23, 2024). [\"Kamala Harris Pledges to Sign Bipartisan Border Bill\"](https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/dnc-harris-speech-election-2024/card/harris-pledges-to-sign-bipartisan-border-bill-csVc4bVyNHlyx9yqnyyE). _The Wall Street Journal_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0099-9660](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240824052300/https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/dnc-harris-speech-election-2024/card/harris-pledges-to-sign-bipartisan-border-bill-csVc4bVyNHlyx9yqnyyE) from the original on August 24, 2024. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "216.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-3_218-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-3_218-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-3_218-2) Charlie Savage; Maggie Haberman; Jonathan Swan (November 11, 2023). [\"Sweeping Raids, Giant Camps and Mass Deportations: Inside Trump's 2025 Immigration Plans\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/11/us/politics/trump-2025-immigration-agenda.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240425100016/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/11/us/politics/trump-2025-immigration-agenda.html) from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.\n",
            "217.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-219 \"Jump up\")** Garsd, Jasmine (December 13, 2023). [\"Where the Republican presidential candidates stand on immigration\"](https://www.npr.org/2023/12/13/1218935981/republican-candidates-immigration). [NPR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPR \"NPR\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240210211541/https://www.npr.org/2023/12/13/1218935981/republican-candidates-immigration) from the original on February 10, 2024. Retrieved February 10, 2024.\n",
            "218.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-220 \"Jump up\")** Oliphant, James (October 4, 2024). [\"Trump's already harsh rhetoric on migrants is turning darker as Election Day nears\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trumps-already-harsh-rhetoric-migrants-is-turning-darker-election-day-nears-2024-10-04/). _Reuters_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241005195654/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trumps-already-harsh-rhetoric-migrants-is-turning-darker-election-day-nears-2024-10-04/) from the original on October 5, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2024.\n",
            "219.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-221 \"Jump up\")** Phifer, Donica (October 3, 2024). [\"Trump floats deporting legal Haitian migrants living in Ohio\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/10/03/trump-springfield-haitian-migrants-tps). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241005120932/https://www.axios.com/2024/10/03/trump-springfield-haitian-migrants-tps?__cf_chl_rt_tk=Pwa6jpc9xooGPXZfSzeGSc9Tnb1r1J6.1LUQN0DGnQo-1728130172-0.0.1.1-6207) from the original on October 5, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2024.\n",
            "220.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-222 \"Jump up\")** Olympia, Sonnier; Haake, Garrett (February 29, 2024). [\"Trump's claims of a migrant crime wave are not supported by national data\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trumps-claims-migrant-crime-wave-are-not-supported-national-data-rcna140896). NBC News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240622153032/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trumps-claims-migrant-crime-wave-are-not-supported-national-data-rcna140896) from the original on June 22, 2024. Retrieved June 23, 2024.\n",
            "221.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Bender_09252024_223-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Bender_09252024_223-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Bender_09252024_223-2) Bender, Michael C. (September 22, 2024). [\"On the Trail, Trump and Vance Sharpen a Nativist, Anti-Immigrant Tone\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/22/us/politics/trump-vance-nativist.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240924045958/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/22/us/politics/trump-vance-nativist.html) from the original on September 24, 2024. Retrieved September 25, 2024. Battling in a tight race, the Trump-Vance team is sharpening the anti-immigrant nativism that fueled the former president's initial rise to power in 2016, seizing on scare tactics, falsehoods and racial stereotypes.\n",
            "222.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-224 \"Jump up\")** Chidi, George (August 3, 2024). [\"Name-calling and hyperbole: Trump continues fear-mongering fest at Georgia rally\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/aug/03/trump-rally-georgia-crime-immigration). _The Guardian_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240915220511/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/aug/03/trump-rally-georgia-crime-immigration) from the original on September 15, 2024. Retrieved September 24, 2024.\n",
            "223.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-225 \"Jump up\")** Shear, Michael D.; Aleaziz, Hamed; Ulloa, Jazmine (September 11, 2024). [\"How Trump Uses Vitriol for Migrants to Sideline Other Issues\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-migrants.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240923163916/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-migrants.html) from the original on September 23, 2024. Retrieved September 25, 2024.\n",
            "224.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-226 \"Jump up\")** Haberman, Maggie (September 11, 2024). [\"'The End of Our Country': Trump Paints Dark Picture at Debate\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-dark-picture.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240923105051/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-debate-dark-picture.html) from the original on September 23, 2024. Retrieved September 25, 2024. Fear-mongering, and demagoguing on the issue of immigrants, has been Mr. Trump's preferred speed since he announced his first candidacy for the presidency in June 2015, and he has often found a receptive audience for it.\n",
            "225.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-227 \"Jump up\")** Bump, Philip (March 1, 2024). [\"About those immigrating languages that 'nobody speaks'\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/01/donald-trump-migrants-fear/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240925212413/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/01/donald-trump-migrants-fear/) from the original on September 25, 2024. Retrieved September 25, 2024. It's been understood for some time that there is no limit on the fearmongering Donald Trump will deploy when it comes to the U.S.-Mexico border.\n",
            "226.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-228 \"Jump up\")** Castillo, Andrea (July 18, 2024). [\"GOP sticks to the message that migrants are dangerous\"](https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-07-18/trump-shooting-republican-campaign-immigrants-migrants-violent-dangerous). _Los Angeles Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0458-3035](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240924092558/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-07-18/trump-shooting-republican-campaign-immigrants-migrants-violent-dangerous) from the original on September 24, 2024. Retrieved September 25, 2024.\n",
            "227.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-229 \"Jump up\")** Bump, Philip (April 4, 2024). [\"The new border fearmongering: China is 'building an army' in the U.S.\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/04/04/trump-china-army-border/) _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240925213200/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/04/04/trump-china-army-border/) from the original on September 25, 2024. Retrieved September 25, 2024.\n",
            "228.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-230 \"Jump up\")** Collinson, Stephen (September 24, 2024). [\"Trump plays the fear card on the economy – and it seems to be working\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/24/politics/trump-fear-economy-analysis/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240925213447/https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/24/politics/trump-fear-economy-analysis/index.html) from the original on September 25, 2024. Most politicians court voters by offering them an optimistic vision, peddling hope and promises of change. Democratic nominee Kamala Harris is seeking to sweep away Trump's somber picture of America in crisis by invoking joy and a new kind of \"opportunity economy.\" Trump, however, mostly dishes out fear and threats.\n",
            "229.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Gold_1012024_231-0 \"Jump up\")** Michael, Gold (October 1, 2024). [\"Trump's Consistent Message Online and Onstage: Be Afraid\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/01/us/politics/trump-fear-speeches.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241001180636/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/01/us/politics/trump-fear-speeches.html/) from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 1, 2024.\n",
            "230.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Hutzler_09302024_232-0 \"Jump up\")** Hutzler, Alexandra (September 30, 2024). [\"Trump takes dark rhetoric to new level in final weeks of 2024 campaign: ANALYSIS\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-takes-dark-rhetoric-new-level-final-weeks/story?id=114360594). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241001054628/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-takes-dark-rhetoric-new-level-final-weeks/story?id=114360594) from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 1, 2024.\n",
            "231.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Reuters-2024-2_233-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Reuters-2024-2_233-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Reuters-2024-2_233-2) Layne, Nathan; Slattery, Gram; Reid, Tim (April 3, 2024). [\"Trump calls migrants 'animals,' intensifying focus on illegal immigration\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-expected-highlight-murder-michigan-woman-immigration-speech-2024-04-02/). _Reuters_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240617123326/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-expected-highlight-murder-michigan-woman-immigration-speech-2024-04-02/) from the original on June 17, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024. While speaking of Laken Riley – a 22-year-old nursing student from Georgia allegedly murdered by a Venezuelan immigrant in the country illegally – Trump said some immigrants were sub-human. \"The Democrats say, 'Please don't call them animals. They're humans.' I said, 'No, they're not humans, they're not humans, they're animals,'\" said Trump, president from 2017 to 2021.\n",
            "232.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-234 \"Jump up\")** Iati, Marisa (March 16, 2024). [\"Trump says some undocumented immigrants are 'not people'\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/16/trump-immigrants-not-people/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240316225300/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/03/16/trump-immigrants-not-people/) from the original on March 16, 2024. Retrieved March 17, 2024.\n",
            "233.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-235 \"Jump up\")** Huynh, Anjali; Gold, Michael (March 17, 2024). [\"Trump Says Some Migrants Are 'Not People' and Predicts a 'Blood Bath' if He Loses\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/16/us/politics/trump-speech-ohio.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240423095503/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/16/us/politics/trump-speech-ohio.html) from the original on April 23, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.\n",
            "234.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-5_236-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-5_236-1) Astor, Maggie (March 17, 2024). [\"Trump Doubles Down on Migrants 'Poisoning' the Country\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/17/us/politics/trump-fox-interview-migrants.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240425195313/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/17/us/politics/trump-fox-interview-migrants.html) from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.\n",
            "235.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-237 \"Jump up\")** Sullivan, Kate (October 6, 2023). [\"Trump's anti-immigrant comments draw rebuke\"](https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/06/politics/trump-anti-immigrant-comments/index.html). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231115194416/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/06/politics/trump-anti-immigrant-comments/index.html) from the original on November 15, 2023. Retrieved November 17, 2023.\n",
            "236.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-238 \"Jump up\")** LeVine, Marianne; Kornfield, Maryl (October 12, 2023). [\"Trump's anti-immigrant onslaught sparks fresh alarm heading into 2024\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2023/10/12/trump-immigrants-comments-criticism/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240619170447/https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2023/10/12/trump-immigrants-comments-criticism/) from the original on June 19, 2024. Retrieved November 16, 2023.\n",
            "237.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-239 \"Jump up\")** Halper, Evan; Olorunnipa, Toluse (December 31, 2023). [\"U.S. oil production hit a record under Biden. He seldom mentions it\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/12/31/us-oil-production-has-hit-record-under-biden-he-hardly-mentions-it/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240118150742/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/12/31/us-oil-production-has-hit-record-under-biden-he-hardly-mentions-it/) from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved January 20, 2024.\n",
            "238.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-240 \"Jump up\")** [\"IEA Global Energy Crisis\"](https://www.iea.org/topics/global-energy-crisis). International Energy Agency. October 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221206212447/https://www.iea.org/topics/global-energy-crisis) from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.\n",
            "239.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Hill-2024_241-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Hill-2024_241-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Hill-2024_241-2) Bolton, Alexander (July 29, 2024). [\"Behind hoopla, Democrats anxious about Harris\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/4795432-kamala-harris-democratic-anxiety/). _The Hill_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240730045711/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/4795432-kamala-harris-democratic-anxiety/) from the original on July 30, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.\n",
            "240.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-242 \"Jump up\")** Bordoff, Jason (December 2022). [\"AMERICA'S LANDMARK CLIMATE LAW\"](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/12/america-landmark-climate-law-bordoff). _International Monetary Fund_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240118035504/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/12/america-landmark-climate-law-bordoff) from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024. The Inflation Reduction Act is the most significant piece of climate legislation in the history of the United States.\n",
            "241.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-243 \"Jump up\")** McCarthy, Gina (August 16, 2023). [\"The Inflation Reduction Act Took U.S. Climate Action Global. Here's What Needs To Happen Next\"](https://time.com/6305001/inflation-reduction-act-what-happens-next/). _TIME_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240119015654/https://time.com/6305001/inflation-reduction-act-what-happens-next/) from the original on January 19, 2024. Retrieved January 20, 2024.\n",
            "242.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-244 \"Jump up\")** Ward, Myah (July 27, 2024). [\"Trump tries to sharpen Harris attacks as she blunts his momentum\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/27/trump-harris-minnesota-rally-shooting-00171526). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240728035307/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/27/trump-harris-minnesota-rally-shooting-00171526) from the original on July 28, 2024. Retrieved July 28, 2024.\n",
            "243.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-CNN-2024_245-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-CNN-2024_245-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-CNN-2024_245-2) John, Arit; Tausche, Kayla (July 30, 2024). [\"Harris recalibrates policy stances as she adjusts to role atop Democratic ticket\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/30/politics/harris-shifts-policy-stances/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240801002949/https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/30/politics/harris-shifts-policy-stances/index.html) from the original on August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.\n",
            "244.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-246 \"Jump up\")** Waldman, Scott (January 16, 2024). [\"No more going wobbly in climate fight, Trump supporters vow\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/01/12/trump-second-term-climate-science-2024-00132289). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240117142253/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/01/12/trump-second-term-climate-science-2024-00132289) from the original on January 17, 2024. Retrieved January 18, 2024.\n",
            "245.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-247 \"Jump up\")** Joyella, Mark (March 21, 2022). [\"On Fox, Donald Trump Calls Climate Change A 'Hoax': 'In The 1920's They Were Talking About Global Freezing'\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjoyella/2022/03/21/on-fox-donald-trump-calls-climate-change-a-hoax-in-the-1920s-they-were-talking-about-global-freezing/?sh=4361ef3f3787). _Forbes_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231212042756/https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjoyella/2022/03/21/on-fox-donald-trump-calls-climate-change-a-hoax-in-the-1920s-they-were-talking-about-global-freezing/?sh=4361ef3f3787) from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.\n",
            "246.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-248 \"Jump up\")** Lindsay, James M. (December 1, 2023). [\"Campaign Roundup: The Republican Presidential Candidates on Climate Change\"](https://www.cfr.org/blog/campaign-roundup-republican-presidential-candidates-climate-change). Council on Foreign Relations. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231212042757/https://www.cfr.org/blog/campaign-roundup-republican-presidential-candidates-climate-change) from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023. Donald Trump hasn't said how he would approach climate change if he returns to the White House. But during his first term in office, he withdrew the United States from the Paris Agreement and regularly ridiculed the idea of man-made climate change.\n",
            "247.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-249 \"Jump up\")** Geiger, Julianne (May 11, 2023). [\"Trump Promises To \"Drill, Baby, Drill\" If Elected\"](https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/Trump-Promises-To-Drill-Baby-Drill-If-Elected.html). _Oilprice.com_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231212042758/https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/Trump-Promises-To-Drill-Baby-Drill-If-Elected.html) from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.\n",
            "248.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023_250-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023_250-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023_250-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023_250-3) [_**e**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023_250-4) [_**f**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023_250-5) Colvin, Jill (November 12, 2023). [\"Trump's plans if he returns to the White House include deportation raids, tariffs and mass firings\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-policies-agenda-election-2024-second-term-d656d8f08629a8da14a65c4075545e0f). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231210193036/https://apnews.com/article/trump-policies-agenda-election-2024-second-term-d656d8f08629a8da14a65c4075545e0f) from the original on December 10, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2023.\n",
            "249.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-251 \"Jump up\")** Friedman, Lisa (March 18, 2024). [\"Trump's Violent Language Toward EVs\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/18/climate/trump-electric-vehicles-blood-bath.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240321023506/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/18/climate/trump-electric-vehicles-blood-bath.html) from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.\n",
            "250.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-252 \"Jump up\")** Joselow, Maxine; Puko, Timothy (December 11, 2023). [\"Specter of second Trump term looms over global climate talks\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2023/12/11/trump-climate-talks-cop28-dubai/). _Washington Post_. Retrieved December 11, 2023.\n",
            "251.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-253 \"Jump up\")** Balz, Dan; Ence Morse, Clara (August 18, 2023). [\"American democracy is cracking. These forces help explain why\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/08/18/american-democracy-political-system-failures/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231115151758/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/08/18/american-democracy-political-system-failures/) from the original on November 15, 2023. Retrieved November 15, 2023.\n",
            "252.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-254 \"Jump up\")** Leonhardt, David (September 17, 2022). [\"A Crisis Coming: The Twin Threats to American Democracy\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/17/us/american-democracy-threats.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231101094836/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/17/us/american-democracy-threats.html) from the original on November 1, 2023. Retrieved November 15, 2023.\n",
            "253.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-255 \"Jump up\")** Gambino, Lauren (November 5, 2023). [\"With the US election a year away, most Americans don't want Biden or Trump\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/nov/05/us-presidential-election-biden-trump-polls). _The Guardian_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0261-3077](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231116135016/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/nov/05/us-presidential-election-biden-trump-polls) from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 15, 2023.\n",
            "254.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-256 \"Jump up\")** Smith, Allan; Gomez, Henry J. (November 7, 2022). [\"Republicans switched gears to focus on issues such as inflation and crime that poll highest among voter concerns\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2022-election/democrats-press-threat-democracy-campaigns-final-days-gop-candidates-s-rcna55806). NBC News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221107232800/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2022-election/democrats-press-threat-democracy-campaigns-final-days-gop-candidates-s-rcna55806) from the original on November 7, 2022. Retrieved May 3, 2023.\n",
            "255.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-257 \"Jump up\")** [\"Is Our Democracy Under Threat?\"](https://www.rutgers.edu/news/our-democracy-under-threat). _rutgers.edu_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221025225321/https://www.rutgers.edu/news/our-democracy-under-threat) from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved May 3, 2023.\n",
            "256.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Associated_Press-2023-4_258-0 \"Jump up\")** Jill Colvin; Bill Barrow (December 7, 2023). [\"Trump's vow to only be a dictator on 'day one' follows growing worry over his authoritarian rhetoric\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-hannity-dictator-authoritarian-presidential-election-f27e7e9d7c13fabbe3ae7dd7f1235c72). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231208055611/https://apnews.com/article/trump-hannity-dictator-authoritarian-presidential-election-f27e7e9d7c13fabbe3ae7dd7f1235c72) from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved December 8, 2023.\n",
            "257.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-2_259-0 \"Jump up\")** Michael C. Bender; Michael Gold (November 20, 2023). [\"Trump's Dire Words Raise New Fears About His Authoritarian Bent\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/20/us/politics/trump-rhetoric-fascism.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231208010902/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/20/us/politics/trump-rhetoric-fascism.html) from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved December 8, 2023.\n",
            "258.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Guardian-2023_260-0 \"Jump up\")** Stone, Peter (November 22, 2023). [\"'Openly authoritarian campaign': Trump's threats of revenge fuel alarm\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/nov/22/trump-revenge-game-plan-alarm). _The Guardian_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231127003512/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/nov/22/trump-revenge-game-plan-alarm) from the original on November 27, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.\n",
            "259.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-261 \"Jump up\")** Baker, Peter (December 9, 2023). [\"Talk of a Trump Dictatorship Charges the American Political Debate\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/09/us/politics/trump-dictatorship.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231209203046/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/09/us/politics/trump-dictatorship.html) from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.\n",
            "260.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-262 \"Jump up\")** Savage, Charlie (April 24, 2024). [\"Trump's Immunity Claim Joins His Plans to Increase Executive Power\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/24/us/trump-immunity-president-supreme-court.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240424183452/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/24/us/trump-immunity-president-supreme-court.html) from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.\n",
            "261.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-263 \"Jump up\")** Swan, Jonathan; Savage, Charlie; Maggie, Haberman (July 17, 2023). [\"Trump and Allies Forge Plans to Increase Presidential Power in 2025\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/17/us/politics/trump-plans-2025.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231113042523/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/17/us/politics/trump-plans-2025.html) from the original on November 13, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.\n",
            "262.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-264 \"Jump up\")** Liptak, Adam (June 5, 2024). [\"Trump's Vows to Prosecute Rivals Put Rule of Law on the Ballot\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/05/us/trump-retribution-justice.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240609020425/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/05/us/trump-retribution-justice.html) from the original on June 9, 2024. Retrieved June 9, 2024.\n",
            "263.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-265 \"Jump up\")** Peter, Stone (November 10, 2023). [\"Trump suggests he would use FBI to go after political rivals if elected in 2024\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/nov/10/trump-fbi-rivals-2024-election). _The Guardian_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240607095354/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/nov/10/trump-fbi-rivals-2024-election) from the original on June 7, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.\n",
            "264.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-266 \"Jump up\")** Homans, Charles (April 27, 2024). [\"Donald Trump Has Never Sounded Like This\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/27/magazine/trump-rallies-rhetoric.html). _New York Magazine_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240719002646/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/27/magazine/trump-rallies-rhetoric.html) from the original on July 19, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "265.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-267 \"Jump up\")** Bagchi, Aysha (September 12, 2024). [\"Donald Trump threatens to imprison Biden, Harris, Pelosi, and others. Experts are worried\"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/09/12/trump-prosecution-threats-political-rivals/75060866007/). _USA TODAY_. Retrieved September 12, 2024.\n",
            "266.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-268 \"Jump up\")** Armour, Stephanie. [\"Inside Project 2025: Former Trump official outlines hard right turn against abortion\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Health/inside-project-2025-former-trump-official-outlines-hard/story?id=112521523). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240805214714/https://abcnews.go.com/Health/inside-project-2025-former-trump-official-outlines-hard/story?id=112521523) from the original on August 5, 2024. Retrieved August 5, 2024.\n",
            "267.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-269 \"Jump up\")** [\"Russell Vought, a Project 2025 architect, is ready to shock Washington if Trump wins second term\"](https://www.yahoo.com/news/russell-vought-project-2025-architect-040546649.html). _Yahoo News_. August 5, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240805214714/https://www.yahoo.com/news/russell-vought-project-2025-architect-040546649.html) from the original on August 5, 2024. Retrieved August 5, 2024.\n",
            "268.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-270 \"Jump up\")** Blitzer, Jonathan (July 15, 2024). [\"Inside the Trump Plan for 2025\"](https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/07/22/inside-the-trump-plan-for-2025). _The New Yorker_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240805140633/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/07/22/inside-the-trump-plan-for-2025) from the original on August 5, 2024. Retrieved August 5, 2024 – via www.newyorker.com.\n",
            "269.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-271 \"Jump up\")** [\"Project 2025 shakes up leadership after criticism from Democrats and Trump, but says work goes on\"](https://apnews.com/article/project-2025-heritage-foundation-trump-e2674ea34da786d85e97c0908b0b98a8). _Associated Press_. July 30, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240805205825/https://apnews.com/article/project-2025-heritage-foundation-trump-e2674ea34da786d85e97c0908b0b98a8) from the original on August 5, 2024. Retrieved August 5, 2024.\n",
            "270.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-272 \"Jump up\")** Haberman, Maggie; Nehamas, Nicholas; McFadden, Alyce (October 3, 2023). [\"Trump Said Shoplifters Should Be Shot, Part of a String of Violent Remarks\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/03/us/politics/trump-indictments-shoplifters-violence.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231008234203/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/03/us/politics/trump-indictments-shoplifters-violence.html) from the original on October 8, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.\n",
            "271.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-273 \"Jump up\")** LeVine, Marianne (November 12, 2023). [\"Trump calls political enemies 'vermin,' echoing dictators Hitler, Mussolini\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/12/trump-rally-vermin-political-opponents). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231113051831/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/12/trump-rally-vermin-political-opponents/) from the original on November 13, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2023.\n",
            "272.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-274 \"Jump up\")** Gold, Michael; Huynh, Anjali (April 2, 2024). [\"Trump Again Invokes 'Blood Bath' and Dehumanizes Migrants in Border Remarks\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/us/politics/trump-border-blood-bath.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240402234017/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/us/politics/trump-border-blood-bath.html) from the original on April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 3, 2024.\n",
            "273.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-275 \"Jump up\")** Weissert, Will (January 4, 2024). [\"One attack, two interpretations: Biden and Trump both make the Jan. 6 riot a political rallying cry\"](https://apnews.com/article/biden-trump-january-6-anniversary-speech-campaign-0777d1f89342fac32bcc230d0d854043). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240105225517/https://apnews.com/article/biden-trump-january-6-anniversary-speech-campaign-0777d1f89342fac32bcc230d0d854043) from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.\n",
            "274.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-276 \"Jump up\")** Mascaro, Lisa (January 6, 2024). [\"On Jan. 6 many Republicans blamed Trump for the Capitol riot. Now they endorse his presidential bid\"](https://apnews.com/article/jan-6-trump-biden-insurrection-congress-690af49cbf1f7a5696545b1ebbe45c47). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240106051107/https://apnews.com/article/jan-6-trump-biden-insurrection-congress-690af49cbf1f7a5696545b1ebbe45c47) from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.\n",
            "275.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-277 \"Jump up\")** Price, Michelle L.; Colvin, Jill; Beaumont, Thomas (January 6, 2024). [\"Trump downplays Jan. 6 on the anniversary of the Capitol siege and calls jailed rioters 'hostages'\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-iowa-caucuses-young-conservatives-campaign-2ca7441852577795123845811b06bc06). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240106192139/https://apnews.com/article/trump-iowa-caucuses-young-conservatives-campaign-2ca7441852577795123845811b06bc06) from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.\n",
            "276.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-278 \"Jump up\")** Ibssa, Lalee; Kim, Soo Rin (April 30, 2024). [\"Trump says 'it depends' if there will be violence if he loses 2024 election to Biden\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-asked-violence-loses-november-election-biden-depends/story?id=109787140). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240430182158/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-asked-violence-loses-november-election-biden-depends/story?id=109787140) from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.\n",
            "277.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-279 \"Jump up\")** Berman, Ari (August 6, 2024). [\"As the Voting Rights Act Nears 60, Conservative Judges Are Gutting It From Every Angle\"](https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2024/08/as-the-voting-rights-act-turns-59-supreme-court-trump/). _[Mother Jones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Jones_/(magazine/) \"Mother Jones (magazine)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240807014105/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2024/08/as-the-voting-rights-act-turns-59-supreme-court-trump/) from the original on August 7, 2024. Retrieved August 24, 2024.\n",
            "278.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-280 \"Jump up\")** Goldmacher, Shane (October 17, 2022). [\"Republicans Gain Edge as Voters Worry About Economy, Times/Siena Poll Finds\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/17/us/politics/republicans-economy-nyt-siena-poll.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221020235453/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/17/us/politics/republicans-economy-nyt-siena-poll.html) from the original on October 20, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2022.\n",
            "279.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-281 \"Jump up\")** Montanaro, Domenico (March 29, 2023). [\"Poll: Dangers for both parties on the economy, crime and transgender rights\"](https://www.npr.org/2023/03/29/1166486046/poll-economy-inflation-transgender-rights-republicans-democrats-biden). [NPR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPR \"NPR\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230329090442/https://www.npr.org/2023/03/29/1166486046/poll-economy-inflation-transgender-rights-republicans-democrats-biden) from the original on March 29, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.\n",
            "280.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-282 \"Jump up\")** Roche, Darragh (July 19, 2023). [\"Election 2024 poll: How voters feel about key issues\"](https://www.newsweek.com/election-2024-poll-how-voters-feel-about-key-issues-1813658). _Newsweek_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240126202104/https://www.newsweek.com/election-2024-poll-how-voters-feel-about-key-issues-1813658) from the original on January 26, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.\n",
            "281.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-8_283-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-8_283-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-8_283-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-8_283-3) [_**e**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2024-8_283-4) Tankersley, Jim (August 16, 2024). [\"Harris and Trump Offer a Clear Contrast on the Economy\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/16/business/economy/harris-trump-economy-inflation.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240817002443/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/16/business/economy/harris-trump-economy-inflation.html) from the original on August 17, 2024. Retrieved August 16, 2024.\n",
            "282.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-284 \"Jump up\")** Cancryn, Adam (August 7, 2024). [\"Harris' blue-collar pitch: New candidate, same pro-labor policies\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/07/harris-blue-collar-labor-detroit-00173066). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240808175114/https://www.politico.com/web/20240808175114/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/07/harris-blue-collar-labor-detroit-00173066) from the original on August 8, 2024. Retrieved August 8, 2024.\n",
            "283.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-285 \"Jump up\")** Messerly, Megan; Cancryn, Adam; Schneider, Elena (August 6, 2024). [\"Everything was going Kamala Harris' way. Then came the market sell-off\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/06/market-sell-off-democrats-harris-00172740). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240806202050/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/06/market-sell-off-democrats-harris-00172740) from the original on August 6, 2024. Retrieved August 6, 2024.\n",
            "284.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-286 \"Jump up\")** Tausche, Kayla; Luhby, Tami; Williams, Michael. [\"Harris breaks with Biden on capital gains tax, proposing a smaller increase\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/04/politics/kamala-harris-capital-gains-tax/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240904211922/https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/04/politics/kamala-harris-capital-gains-tax/index.html) from the original on September 4, 2024.\n",
            "285.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-287 \"Jump up\")** Primack, Dan (August 23, 2024). [\"The reality of Kamala Harris' plan to tax unrealized capital gains\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/08/23/kamala-harris-unrealized-capital-gains-tax). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240829214737/https://www.axios.com/2024/08/23/kamala-harris-unrealized-capital-gains-tax) from the original on August 29, 2024. Retrieved August 23, 2024.\n",
            "286.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-288 \"Jump up\")** Duehren, Andrew (August 22, 2024). [\"What We Know About Kamala Harris's $5 Trillion Tax Plan So Far\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/22/us/politics/kamala-harris-tax-plan.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240823164100/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/22/us/politics/kamala-harris-tax-plan.html) from the original on August 23, 2024.\n",
            "287.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-CNN-2024-2_289-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-CNN-2024-2_289-1) [_**c**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-CNN-2024-2_289-2) [_**d**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-CNN-2024-2_289-3) Luhby, Tami (July 28, 2024). [\"Harris and Trump want to strengthen the middle class. It could use the help\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/28/politics/kamala-harris-trump-middle-class/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240730172716/https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/28/politics/kamala-harris-trump-middle-class/index.html) from the original on July 30, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.\n",
            "288.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-nytaug11_290-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-nytaug11_290-1) Nehamas, Nicholas; Epstein, Reid J.; Browning, Kellen (August 11, 2024). [\"Rallying in Las Vegas, Harris Pledges to End Federal Taxes on Tips\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/10/us/politics/harris-trump-taxes-tips.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240811043551/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/10/us/politics/harris-trump-taxes-tips.html) from the original on August 11, 2024. Retrieved August 11, 2024 – via NYTimes.com.\n",
            "289.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-291 \"Jump up\")** Sherman, Natalie (August 16, 2024). [\"New homes and end to price-gouging: Harris sets economic goals\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy8xqy0jv24o). _BBC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240817055831/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy8xqy0jv24o) from the original on August 17, 2024. Retrieved August 17, 2024.\n",
            "290.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-292 \"Jump up\")** Alcindor, Yamiche (August 15, 2024). [\"Harris to endorse protections for renters and removal of key tax benefits for Wall St. investors buying homes\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/harris-endorse-protections-renters-removal-key-tax-benefits-wall-st-in-rcna166821). _NBC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240817095136/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/harris-endorse-protections-renters-removal-key-tax-benefits-wall-st-in-rcna166821) from the original on August 17, 2024. Retrieved August 17, 2024.\n",
            "291.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-293 \"Jump up\")** Oliphant, James; Slattery, Gram (April 24, 2024). [\"Trump's second-term agenda: deportations, trade wars, drug dealer death penalty\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/payback-time-trump-plans-mass-firings-deportations-second-term-2023-11-14/). _[Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters \"Reuters\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231205184238/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/payback-time-trump-plans-mass-firings-deportations-second-term-2023-11-14/) from the original on December 5, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "292.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-294 \"Jump up\")** Boak, Josh; Colvin, Jill (April 15, 2024). [\"Tax Day reveals a major split in how Joe Biden and Donald Trump would govern\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-income-taxes-irs-returns-filings-55d3031de64251169eb247f52430618d). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240427184733/https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-income-taxes-irs-returns-filings-55d3031de64251169eb247f52430618d) from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "293.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-295 \"Jump up\")** Treene, Alayna; Luhby, Tami; Lobosco, Katie; Contorno, Steve; Sullivan, Kate (September 5, 2024). [\"Trump says Elon Musk has agreed to lead proposed government efficiency commission as ex-president unveils new economic plans\"](https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/05/politics/trump-economic-plans-musk-government-commission/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240909140617/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/05/politics/trump-economic-plans-musk-government-commission/index.html) from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.\n",
            "294.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-6_296-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times-2023-6_296-1) Savage, Charlie; Swan, Jonathan; Haberman, Maggie (December 26, 2023). [\"A New Tax on Imports and a Split From China: Trump's 2025 Trade Agenda\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/26/us/politics/trump-2025-trade-china.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231226104124/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/26/us/politics/trump-2025-trade-china.html) from the original on December 26, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2023.\n",
            "295.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Axios-2024_297-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Axios-2024_297-1) Basu, Zachary (May 8, 2024). [\"Trump's inflation bomb: How his second-term plans could make it worse\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/05/08/trump-biden-2024-economy-inflation). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240511021720/https://www.axios.com/2024/05/08/trump-biden-2024-economy-inflation) from the original on May 11, 2024. Retrieved May 11, 2024.\n",
            "296.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-298 \"Jump up\")** Alicia, Wallace (August 19, 2024). [\"Harris and Trump both hate inflation. Their economic proposals could cause prices to go higher\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/19/economy/trump-harris-inflation/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240821132308/https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/19/economy/trump-harris-inflation/index.html) from the original on August 21, 2024. Retrieved August 19, 2024.\n",
            "297.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-299 \"Jump up\")** Stein, Jeff (January 27, 2024). [\"Donald Trump is preparing for a massive new trade war with China\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2024/01/27/trump-china-trade-war/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240127180735/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2024/01/27/trump-china-trade-war/) from the original on January 27, 2024. Retrieved April 4, 2024.\n",
            "298.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-300 \"Jump up\")** [\"Donald Trump's second term would be a protectionist nightmare\"](https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2023/10/31/donald-trumps-second-term-would-be-a-protectionist-nightmare). _The Economist_. October 31, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240512030659/https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2023/10/31/donald-trumps-second-term-would-be-a-protectionist-nightmare) from the original on May 12, 2024. Retrieved May 11, 2024.\n",
            "299.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-301 \"Jump up\")** Helleiner, Eric (2021). [\"The Return of National Self-Sufficiency? Excavating Autarkic Thought in a De-Globalizing Era\"](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fisr%2Fviaa092). _International Studies Review_. **23** (3): 933–957. [doi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_/(identifier/) \"Doi (identifier)\"):[10.1093/isr/viaa092](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fisr%2Fviaa092). [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [1468-2486](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1468-2486).\n",
            "300.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-302 \"Jump up\")** Levitz, Eric (April 24, 2024). [\"Trump's team keeps promising to increase inflation\"](https://www.vox.com/2024-elections/24137666/trump-agenda-inflation-prices-dollar-devaluation-tariffs). _Vox_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240710050420/https://www.vox.com/2024-elections/24137666/trump-agenda-inflation-prices-dollar-devaluation-tariffs) from the original on July 10, 2024. Retrieved July 23, 2024.\n",
            "301.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-303 \"Jump up\")** Burns, Tobias (July 10, 2024). [\"Experts see potential for higher inflation under Trump\"](https://thehill.com/business/4762000-higher-inflation-trump-possible-experts/). _The Hill_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240723181956/https://thehill.com/business/4762000-higher-inflation-trump-possible-experts/) from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024. A growing number of investors and economists see inflation rising if former President Trump and Republicans sweep the upcoming elections. As Trump opens a wider lead in polling over President Biden, economic experts say his proposed tax and tariff policies could lead to higher prices, after more than two years of the incumbent fighting inflation.\n",
            "302.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-304 \"Jump up\")** Wiseman, Paul (May 21, 2024). [\"Trump or Biden? Either way, US seems poised to preserve heavy tariffs on imports\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-trade-tariffs-china-inflation-1c17b1d223080b7a594326905380845a). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240521101833/https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-trade-tariffs-china-inflation-1c17b1d223080b7a594326905380845a) from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved July 12, 2024. Trump has vowed more of the same in a second term. He's threatening to impose a 10% tariff on all imports — and a 60% tax on Chinese goods...Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody's Analytics, warns that the consequences would be damaging. Trump's tariff plans, Zandi said, 'would spark higher inflation, reduce GDP and jobs and increase unemployment, all else equal.'\n",
            "303.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-305 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trumponomics would not be as bad as most expect\"](https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2024/07/11/trumponomics-would-not-be-as-bad-as-most-expect). _The Economist_. July 11, 2024. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0013-0613](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240808041441/https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2024/07/11/trumponomics-would-not-be-as-bad-as-most-expect) from the original on August 8, 2024. Retrieved July 23, 2024.\n",
            "304.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-306 \"Jump up\")** Nichols, Hans (June 25, 2024). [\"Scoop: 16 Nobel economists see a Trump inflation bomb\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/06/25/nobel-prize-winners-biden-economy-trump-inflation). _Axios_. Cox Enterprises. Retrieved June 26, 2024.\n",
            "305.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-307 \"Jump up\")** Picciotto, Rebecca (June 25, 2024). [\"Sixteen Nobel Prize-winning economists warn a second Trump term would 'reignite' inflation\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2024/06/25/nobel-prize-economists-warn-trump-inflation.html). CNBC. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240626002547/https://www.cnbc.com/2024/06/25/nobel-prize-economists-warn-trump-inflation.html) from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved June 26, 2024.\n",
            "306.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-308 \"Jump up\")** Picchi, Aimee (June 25, 2024). [\"16 Nobel Prize-winning economists warn that Trump's economic plans could reignite inflation\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-economy-nobel-prize-winners-letter-inflation-warning/). _www.cbsnews.com_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240709175720/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-economy-nobel-prize-winners-letter-inflation-warning/) from the original on July 9, 2024. Retrieved July 12, 2024. Trump's policies could prove to be inflationary, other economists also warned, such as his proposal to create a 10% across-the-board tariff on all imports to deporting immigrants. The tariff plan would add $1,700 in annual costs for the typical U.S. household, essentially acting as an inflationary tax, according to experts at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.\n",
            "307.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-309 \"Jump up\")** Bade, Gavin (August 4, 2024). [\"Trump's trade guru plots an even more disruptive second term\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/04/robert-lighthizer-trump-adviser-trade-00172530). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240804190644/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/08/04/robert-lighthizer-trump-adviser-trade-00172530) from the original on August 4, 2024. Retrieved August 5, 2024.\n",
            "308.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-310 \"Jump up\")** Kiernan, Paul; DeBarros, Anthony (July 11, 2024). [\"Economists Say Inflation Would Be Worse Under Trump Than Biden\"](https://www.wsj.com/economy/economists-say-inflation-would-be-worse-under-trump-than-biden-263bc900). _The Wall Street Journal_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240802080650/https://www.wsj.com/economy/economists-say-inflation-would-be-worse-under-trump-than-biden-263bc900) from the original on August 2, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2024. Conducted July 5–9...of the 50 who answered questions about Trump and Biden 56% said inflation would be higher under another Trump term than a Biden term, versus 16% who said the opposite...Fifty-one percent of economists anticipate larger federal budget deficits under a Trump presidency, compared to 22% under Biden.\n",
            "309.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-311 \"Jump up\")** Wiseman, Paul (September 27, 2024). [\"Trump favors huge new tariffs. What are they, and how do they work?\"](https://apnews.com/article/tariffs-trump-taxes-imports-inflation-consumers-prices-c2eef295a078a76ce2bb7fedb0c5e58c). Associated Press. Tariffs are a tax on imports ... Trump insists that tariffs are paid for by foreign countries. In fact, its \\[_sic_\\] is importers — American companies — that pay tariffs, and the money goes to U.S. Treasury. Those companies, in turn, typically pass their higher costs on to their customers in the form of higher prices. That's why economists say consumers usually end up footing the bill for tariffs.\n",
            "310.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-312 \"Jump up\")** [\"Federal government current tax receipts: Taxes on production and imports: Customs duties\"](https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/B235RC1Q027SBEA). [U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Bureau_of_Economic_Analysis \"U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis\"). September 26, 2024.\n",
            "311.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-313 \"Jump up\")** Multiple sources:\n",
            "    \n",
            "    *   [\"New data show the failures of Donald Trump's China trade strategy\"](https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2021/02/10/new-data-show-the-failures-of-donald-trumps-china-trade-strategy). _[The Economist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economist \"The Economist\")_. February 10, 2021.\n",
            "    *   [\"How China Won Trump's Trade War and Got Americans to Foot the Bill\"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-11/how-china-won-trump-s-good-and-easy-to-win-trade-war). _[Bloomberg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomberg_News \"Bloomberg News\")_. January 11, 2021.\n",
            "    *   Hass, Ryan (August 7, 2020). [\"More pain than gain: How the US-China trade war hurt America\"](https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/08/07/more-pain-than-gain-how-the-us-china-trade-war-hurt-america/). Brookings Institution.\n",
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            "    *   Lester, Simon (January 25, 2021). [\"Why Did Donald Trump's Trade War on China Fail?\"](https://www.cato.org/commentary/why-did-donald-trumps-trade-war-china-fail). Cato Institute.\n",
            "    *   Disis, Jill (October 25, 2020). [\"Analysis: Trump promised to win the trade war with China. He failed\"](https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/24/economy/us-china-trade-war-intl-hnk/index.html). _[CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\")_.\n",
            "    *   Elegant, Naomi (February 8, 2021). [\"The centerpiece of Trump's trade deal with China 'failed spectacularly'\"](https://fortune.com/2021/02/09/trump-china-trade-deal-exports-failed-spectacularly/). _[Fortune](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortune_/(magazine/) \"Fortune (magazine)\")_.\n",
            "    *   White, Martha (January 20, 2021). [\"Trump's economic legacy: Trade wars, tariffs and tax breaks\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/trump-s-economic-legacy-trade-wars-tariffs-tax-breaks-n1254716). [NBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_News \"NBC News\").\n",
            "    *   Boehm, Eric (January 19, 2021). [\"Trump Promised a 'Good and Easy To Win' Trade War, Then Lost It\"](https://reason.com/2021/01/19/trump-promised-a-good-and-easy-to-win-trade-war-then-lost-it/). _Reason_.\n",
            "    *   Gramm, Phil (March 2, 2021). [\"Trump's Protectionist Failure\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/trumps-protectionist-failure-11614709570). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_.\n",
            "    \n",
            "312.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-314 \"Jump up\")** Rubin, Richard (October 7, 2024). [\"Trump's Plan Boosts Budget Deficits by $7.5 Trillion, Double Harris's Proposal\"](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/trump-s-plan-boosts-budget-deficits-by-75-trillion-double-harris-s-proposal/ar-AA1rNYyr). _Wall Street Journal_ – via MSN.com.\n",
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            "332.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-334 \"Jump up\")** [\"Taiwan braces for America's election\"](https://www.economist.com/asia/2024/08/15/taiwan-braces-for-americas-election). _The Economist_. August 15, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240817014917/https://www.economist.com/asia/2024/08/15/taiwan-braces-for-americas-election) from the original on August 17, 2024. Retrieved August 17, 2024.\n",
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            "334.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-336 \"Jump up\")** Dawsey, Josh; DeYoung, Karen; LeVine, Marianne (May 27, 2024). [\"Trump told donors he will crush pro-Palestinian protests, deport demonstrators\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/05/27/trump-israel-gaza-policy-donors/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240601213721/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/05/27/trump-israel-gaza-policy-donors/) from the original on June 1, 2024. Retrieved June 1, 2024.\n",
            "335.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-337 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump says Israel has to get war in Gaza over 'fast' and warns it is 'losing the PR war'\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-biden-israel-pr-hugh-hewitt-21faee332d95fec99652c112fbdcd35d). Associated Press. April 4, 2024.\n",
            "336.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-338 \"Jump up\")** [\"Netanyahu's office denies call with Trump about the Gaza hostage-ceasefire deal\"](https://www.axios.com/2024/08/15/trump-netanyahu-gaza-hostage-ceasefire-deal-call). _Axios_. August 15, 2024.\n",
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            "338.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-340 \"Jump up\")** [\"Majority of Americans favor US military aid to Israel until hostages are returned, new polling says\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/29/politics/israel-gaza-americans-poll-chicago/index.html). _cnn.com_. CNN. August 29, 2024. Retrieved September 8, 2024.\n",
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            "341.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-343 \"Jump up\")** [\"Leaders of the movement that protested Biden on Israel express some hope on Harris\"](https://www.npr.org/2024/08/12/nx-s1-5060109/israel-gaza-uncommitted-michigan-harris). _npr.org_. NPR. Retrieved August 22, 2024.\n",
            "342.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-344 \"Jump up\")** [\"The pro-Palestinian 'uncommitted' movement is at a standstill with top Democrats as the DNC begins\"](https://apnews.com/article/dnc-uncommitted-arab-american-palestinian-gaza-93f9edb25a602c95ee226bd2645e4298). Associated Press. August 17, 2024. Retrieved August 22, 2024.\n",
            "343.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-345 \"Jump up\")** [\"Let's dispel the myth that Harris will be any different from Biden on Gaza and Israel\"](https://www.msnbc.com/top-stories/latest/kamala-harris-israel-gaza-cnn-biden-rcna168949). MSNBC. August 30, 2024. Retrieved September 8, 2024.\n",
            "344.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-346 \"Jump up\")** [\"Harris Says Would Not Change Biden Policy On Arms For Israel\"](https://www.barrons.com/amp/news/harris-says-would-not-change-biden-policy-on-arms-for-israel-6526ef92). Barrons. Retrieved August 30, 2024.\n",
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            "346.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-348 \"Jump up\")** Bradner, Eric (September 12, 2023). [\"2024 GOP contenders clash over Covid-19 records as they warn against future mandates\"](https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/12/politics/covid-republican-president-candidates-warning/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231103044938/https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/12/politics/covid-republican-president-candidates-warning/index.html) from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved November 3, 2023.\n",
            "347.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-349 \"Jump up\")** Larry Levitt (July 20, 2023). [\"Health Care Issues in the Early Stages of the 2024 Election\"](https://www.kff.org/health-reform/perspective/health-care-issues-in-the-early-stages-of-the-2024-election/). _KFF_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231103044938/https://www.kff.org/health-reform/perspective/health-care-issues-in-the-early-stages-of-the-2024-election/) from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved November 3, 2023.\n",
            "348.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-350 \"Jump up\")** Stein, Jeff; Abutaleb, Yasmeen; Diamond, Dan (August 16, 2024). [\"Kamala Harris unveils populist policy agenda, with $6,000 credit for newborns\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2024/08/16/kamala-harris-2024-policy-child-tax-credit/). _The Washington Post_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). Retrieved August 16, 2024.\n",
            "349.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-351 \"Jump up\")** Browning, Kellen (March 11, 2024). [\"Trump Mentions Cutting Entitlements, and Biden Pounces\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/11/us/politics/trump-mentions-cutting-entitlements-and-biden-pounces.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240311202251/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/11/us/politics/trump-mentions-cutting-entitlements-and-biden-pounces.html) from the original on March 11, 2024. Retrieved March 11, 2024.\n",
            "350.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-352 \"Jump up\")** Cancryn, Adam (March 11, 2024). [\"Trump tees up a Biden broadside on Social Security\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/03/11/trump-biden-social-security-2024-elections-00146307). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240322002140/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/03/11/trump-biden-social-security-2024-elections-00146307) from the original on March 22, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.\n",
            "351.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-353 \"Jump up\")** [\"Harris Defends ACA While Trump Calls for \"Much Better\" Health Plan During Debate\"](https://www.ajmc.com/view/harris-defends-aca-while-trump-calls-for-much-better-healthc-plan-during-debate). _AJMC_. September 11, 2024.\n",
            "352.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-354 \"Jump up\")** [\"Trump and Harris Clash Over Healthcare Policy\"](https://www.mddionline.com/medical-device-regulations/healthcare-showdown-trump-and-harris-spar-over-legacy-of-obamacare-).\n",
            "353.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-355 \"Jump up\")** Rogers, Kaleigh; Radcliffe, Mary (May 25, 2023). [\"Over 100 Anti-LGBTQ+ Laws Passed In The Last Five Years — Half Of Them This Year\"](https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/anti-lgbtq-laws-red-states/). _[FiveThirtyEight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveThirtyEight \"FiveThirtyEight\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230525195300/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/anti-lgbtq-laws-red-states/) from the original on May 25, 2023. Retrieved May 30, 2023.\n",
            "354.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-356 \"Jump up\")** [\"BREAKING: Louisiana Legislature Passes Bills Targeting LGBTQ+ Youth\"](https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/breaking-louisiana-legislature-passes-bills-targeting-lgbtq-youth). _[Human Rights Campaign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Rights_Campaign \"Human Rights Campaign\")_. June 5, 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230606140805/https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/breaking-louisiana-legislature-passes-bills-targeting-lgbtq-youth) from the original on June 6, 2023. Retrieved June 6, 2023.\n",
            "355.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-357 \"Jump up\")** [\"Where does Kamala Harris stand on queer and trans issues?\"](https://xtramagazine.com/video/kamala-harris-gay-trans-rights-266957). _Xtra Magazine_. July 22, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240723015314/https://xtramagazine.com/video/kamala-harris-gay-trans-rights-266957) from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved July 23, 2024.\n",
            "356.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-358 \"Jump up\")** Tracy, Matt (July 22, 2024). [\"A look at Vice President Kamala Harris' LGBTQ record\"](https://gaycitynews.com/vice-president-kamala-harris-lgbtq-record/). _Gay City News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240723030223/https://gaycitynews.com/vice-president-kamala-harris-lgbtq-record/) from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved July 23, 2024.\n",
            "357.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-359 \"Jump up\")** Boyer, Dave (July 20, 2024). [\"Kamala Harris predicts November victory at LGBTQ fundraiser in Cape Cod\"](https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2024/jul/20/kamala-harris-predicts-november-victory-lgbtq-fund/). _The Washington Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240723013115/https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2024/jul/20/kamala-harris-predicts-november-victory-lgbtq-fund/) from the original on July 23, 2024. Retrieved July 23, 2024.\n",
            "358.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Axios-2023_360-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Axios-2023_360-1) Chen, Shawna (January 31, 2023). [\"Trump unveils sweeping attack on trans rights\"](https://www.axios.com/2023/01/31/trump-transgender-rights-lgbtq). _Axios_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231216044358/https://www.axios.com/2023/01/31/trump-transgender-rights-lgbtq) from the original on December 16, 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2023.\n",
            "359.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-361 \"Jump up\")** Dorn, Sara (May 10, 2024). [\"Trump Promises Rollback On Trans Rights: Here's What He's Said\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/saradorn/2024/05/10/trump-promises-rollback-on-trans-rights-heres-what-hes-said/?sh=51549ef4dae0). _Forbes_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240512031225/https://www.forbes.com/sites/saradorn/2024/05/10/trump-promises-rollback-on-trans-rights-heres-what-hes-said/?sh=51549ef4dae0) from the original on May 12, 2024. Retrieved May 11, 2024.\n",
            "360.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-362 \"Jump up\")** Migdon, Brooke (February 1, 2023). [\"Trump vows to punish doctors, hospitals that provide gender-affirming care to transgender minors\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/3839471-trump-vows-to-punish-doctors-hospitals-that-provide-gender-affirming-care-to-transgender-minors/). _The Hill_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240205033541/https://thehill.com/homenews/3839471-trump-vows-to-punish-doctors-hospitals-that-provide-gender-affirming-care-to-transgender-minors/) from the original on February 5, 2024. Retrieved February 10, 2024.\n",
            "361.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-363 \"Jump up\")** Rafford, Claire (January 19, 2022). [\"Biden commits to Harris as his running mate for 2024\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/19/biden-commits-to-harris-as-his-running-mate-2024-527418). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220127211518/https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/19/biden-commits-to-harris-as-his-running-mate-2024-527418) from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved January 19, 2022.\n",
            "362.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-364 \"Jump up\")** Evans, Gareth (April 25, 2023). [\"President Joe Biden launches 2024 re-election campaign\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-65381883). _[BBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_News \"BBC News\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230425102039/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-65381883) from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved November 10, 2023.\n",
            "363.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-365 \"Jump up\")** Garrison, Joey. [\"VP Kamala Harris becomes Republicans' go-to target after Biden launches 2024 reelection bid\"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2023/04/29/biden-harris-republicans-2024/11752523002/). _USA Today_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230429094950/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2023/04/29/biden-harris-republicans-2024/11752523002/) from the original on April 29, 2023. Retrieved May 1, 2023.\n",
            "364.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-366 \"Jump up\")** Gangitano, Alex (November 18, 2021). [\"Harris says 2024 is 'absolutely not' being discussed yet with Biden\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/582105-harris-says-2024-is-absolutely-not-being-discussed-yet-with-biden). _[The Hill](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hill_/(newspaper/) \"The Hill (newspaper)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211119144835/https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/582105-harris-says-2024-is-absolutely-not-being-discussed-yet-with-biden) from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved November 19, 2021.\n",
            "365.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-367 \"Jump up\")** Watson, Kathryn (August 15, 2022). [\"Rep. Carolyn Maloney says 'off the record', Biden is 'not running again'\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/carolyn-maloney-biden-not-running-off-the-record-nyt/). [CBS News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS_News \"CBS News\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220828000302/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/carolyn-maloney-biden-not-running-off-the-record-nyt/) from the original on August 28, 2022. Retrieved September 3, 2022.\n",
            "366.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-368 \"Jump up\")** Vakil, Caroline (June 23, 2022). [\"SC Democratic governor candidate says Biden shouldn't run in 2024 due to age\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3534157-sc-democratic-governor-candidate-says-biden-shouldnt-run-in-2024-due-to-age/). _[The Hill](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hill_/(newspaper/) \"The Hill (newspaper)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220903064828/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3534157-sc-democratic-governor-candidate-says-biden-shouldnt-run-in-2024-due-to-age/) from the original on September 3, 2022. Retrieved September 3, 2022.\n",
            "367.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-369 \"Jump up\")** Reimann, Nicholas (September 9, 2022). [\"Rep. Tim Ryan Suggests Biden Shouldn't Run In 2024—Joining These Other Democrats\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/nicholasreimann/2022/09/09/rep-tim-ryan-suggests-biden-shouldnt-run-in-2024-joining-these-other-democrats/?sh=50137b706233). _[Forbes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes \"Forbes\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221222195506/https://www.forbes.com/sites/nicholasreimann/2022/09/09/rep-tim-ryan-suggests-biden-shouldnt-run-in-2024-joining-these-other-democrats/?sh=50137b706233) from the original on December 22, 2022. Retrieved December 29, 2022.\n",
            "368.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-370 \"Jump up\")** Gittleson, Ben (December 22, 2021). [\"Biden tells ABC's David Muir 'yes' he'll run again, Trump rematch would 'increase the prospect'\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-tells-abcs-david-muir-hell-run-trump/story?id=81901418). [ABC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_News_/(United_States/) \"ABC News (United States)\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220130091322/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-tells-abcs-david-muir-hell-run-trump/story?id=81901418) from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved January 21, 2022.\n",
            "369.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-371 \"Jump up\")** Silver, Nate (January 28, 2021). [\"How Popular Is Joe Biden?\"](https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/biden-approval-rating/). FiveThirtyEight. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210128032510/https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/biden-approval-rating/) from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved June 16, 2023.\n",
            "370.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-372 \"Jump up\")** Otterbein, Holly (January 1, 2022). [\"The left is already looking to 2024. Some want to see a Biden primary challenge\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/01/progressives-2024-primary-challenge-526299). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220107154419/https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/01/progressives-2024-primary-challenge-526299) from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.\n",
            "371.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-373 \"Jump up\")** Dorman, John L. (January 2, 2022). [\"Former Sanders presidential campaign manager says Biden will have 'a progressive challenger' in 2024\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/biden-progressive-challenger-2024-jeff-weaver-sanders-democratic-party-2022-1). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220104014213/https://www.businessinsider.com/biden-progressive-challenger-2024-jeff-weaver-sanders-democratic-party-2022-1) from the original on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.\n",
            "372.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-374 \"Jump up\")** Enten, Harry (December 18, 2022). [\"How the midterms changed the 2024 primaries for Biden and Trump\"](https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/18/politics/biden-trump-2024-primaries-elections-desantis/index.html). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221230123609/https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/18/politics/biden-trump-2024-primaries-elections-desantis/index.html) from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 29, 2022.\n",
            "373.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-375 \"Jump up\")** Weissert, Will (February 27, 2023). [\"Williamson becomes Democratic primary's 1st Biden challenger\"](https://apnews.com/article/biden-politics-united-states-government-district-of-columbia-2022-midterm-elections-c843d838db17e2a48a1e01c7abcfd5d4). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231026001131/https://apnews.com/article/biden-politics-united-states-government-district-of-columbia-2022-midterm-elections-c843d838db17e2a48a1e01c7abcfd5d4) from the original on October 26, 2023. Retrieved October 24, 2023.\n",
            "374.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-376 \"Jump up\")** Davis O'Brien, Rebecca (October 9, 2023). [\"Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to Run for President as Independent, Leaving Democratic Primary\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/09/us/politics/robert-f-kennedy-jr-independent.html). _The New York Times_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231009165734/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/09/us/politics/robert-f-kennedy-jr-independent.html) from the original on October 9, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.\n",
            "375.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-377 \"Jump up\")** Otterbein, Holly; Schneider, Elena (October 26, 2023). [\"Rep. Dean Phillips files paperwork for presidential bid against Biden\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2023/10/26/rep-dean-phillips-files-paperwork-for-presidential-bid-against-biden-00123923). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231027040351/https://www.politico.com/news/2023/10/26/rep-dean-phillips-files-paperwork-for-presidential-bid-against-biden-00123923) from the original on October 27, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.\n",
            "376.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-378 \"Jump up\")** [\"Dean Phillips ends presidential campaign and endorses Biden\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/dean-phillips-ends-presidential-campaign-rcna142091). _NBC News_. March 6, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.\n",
            "377.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-379 \"Jump up\")** Leingang, Rachel (March 6, 2024). [\"Biden challenger Dean Phillips drops out of US presidential race\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/mar/06/dean-phillips-drops-out). _The Guardian_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0261-3077](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077). Retrieved September 30, 2024.\n",
            "378.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-380 \"Jump up\")** Gibson, Brittany (February 7, 2024). [\"Marianne Williamson ends her 2024 presidential run\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/07/marianne-williamson-drops-out-2024-00140297). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240208030843/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/07/marianne-williamson-drops-out-2024-00140297) from the original on February 8, 2024. Retrieved February 7, 2024.\n",
            "379.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-381 \"Jump up\")** [\"Williamson restarts campaign after 3% in Michigan primary vote\"](https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2024/02/28/Williamson-resumes-suspended-presidential-campaign/4721709132307). _[United Press International](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Press_International \"United Press International\")_. February 28, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240306221157/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2024/02/28/Williamson-resumes-suspended-presidential-campaign/4721709132307/) from the original on March 6, 2024. Retrieved March 6, 2024.\n",
            "380.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-382 \"Jump up\")** Murray, Isabella (June 12, 2024). [\"Marianne Williamson signals end of 2024 bid now that presidential primaries have ended\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/marianne-williamson-signals-end-2024-bid-now-presidential/story?id=111054784). _[ABC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_News_/(United_States/) \"ABC News (United States)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240613234505/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/marianne-williamson-signals-end-2024-bid-now-presidential/story?id=111054784) from the original on June 13, 2024. Retrieved June 14, 2024.\n",
            "381.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-383 \"Jump up\")** Pipia, Lindsey (May 15, 2024). [\"American Samoa primary victor Jason Palmer bows out of the presidential race\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/american-samoa-primary-victor-jason-palmer-bows-presidential-race-rcna152509). NBC News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240605075226/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/american-samoa-primary-victor-jason-palmer-bows-presidential-race-rcna152509) from the original on June 5, 2024. Retrieved June 5, 2024.\n",
            "382.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-384 \"Jump up\")** Sangal, Aditi; Hammond, Elise; Forrest, Jack; Chowdhury, Maureen (March 12, 2024). [\"Live updates: Biden secures Democratic nomination as Trump inches closer to GOP one\"](https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/primary-elections-georgia-washington-mississippi-03-12-24/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240312235041/https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/primary-elections-georgia-washington-mississippi-03-12-24/index.html) from the original on March 12, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.\n",
            "383.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-385 \"Jump up\")** Nichols, John (June 10, 2024). [\"What the \"Uncommitted\" Campaign Has Already Won\"](https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/uncommitted-primary-total-results-biden/). _The Nation_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240614163924/https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/uncommitted-primary-total-results-biden/) from the original on June 14, 2024. Retrieved August 6, 2024.\n",
            "384.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-386 \"Jump up\")** [\"Harris says she'll 'earn' nomination as Biden steps aside\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2024/07/21/election-2024-biden-trump-campaign-updates/). _The Washington Post_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240721131822/https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2024/07/21/election-2024-biden-trump-campaign-updates/) from the original on July 21, 2024. Retrieved July 21, 2024.\n",
            "385.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-387 \"Jump up\")** Hutzler, Alexandra; Reinstein, Julia; Peller, Lauren; El-Bawab, Nadine; Sarnoff, Leah (July 22, 2024). [\"Election 2024 updates: Harris secures enough delegates to become presumptive nominee\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/live-updates/biden-drops-out-updates/?id=112113289). _[ABC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_News_/(United_States/) \"ABC News (United States)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240724153603/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/live-updates/biden-drops-out-updates/?id=112113289) from the original on July 24, 2024. Retrieved July 22, 2024.\n",
            "386.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-388 \"Jump up\")** [\"What polling shows about the top VP contenders for Kamala Harris\"](https://apnews.com/article/harris-shapiro-kelly-beshear-walz-vp-democrats-d01c79817844b66c5bf466a1cd403c50). _Associated Press_. August 1, 2024. Retrieved September 10, 2024.\n",
            "387.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-389 \"Jump up\")** Weisman, Jonathan (August 6, 2024). [\"Walz Instead of Shapiro Excites Left, but May Alienate Jewish Voters\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/06/us/politics/tim-walz-shapiro-jewish.html). _The New York Times_. Retrieved September 20, 2024.\n",
            "388.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-390 \"Jump up\")** Vigdor, Neil (August 2, 2024). [\"Shapiro's College-Era Criticism of Palestinians Draws Fresh Scrutiny\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/02/us/politics/josh-shapiro-palestinians-college.html). _The New York Times_. Retrieved September 20, 2024.\n",
            "389.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-391 \"Jump up\")** Weissert, Will (August 3, 2024). [\"Some activists step up criticism of Shapiro and Kelly near end of veepstakes\"](https://apnews.com/article/harris-vp-shapiro-kelly-walz-beshear-pritzker-be228f0efdb87954769232a4fb0f4362). _Associated Press_. Retrieved September 10, 2024.\n",
            "390.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-392 \"Jump up\")** Kim, Seung Min (August 5, 2024). [\"Kamala Harris is now Democratic presidential nominee, will face off against Donald Trump this fall\"](https://apnews.com/article/harris-democratic-presidential-nomination-eb43b6b346cc644b2d195315cb2bfb20). _Associated Press_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240808041440/https://apnews.com/article/harris-democratic-presidential-nomination-eb43b6b346cc644b2d195315cb2bfb20) from the original on August 8, 2024. Retrieved August 6, 2024.\n",
            "391.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-393 \"Jump up\")** [\"Kamala Harris picks Minnesota Governor Tim Walz as her VP running mate\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tim-walz-vp-kamala-harris-running-mate-2024/). CBS News. August 6, 2024. Retrieved August 17, 2024.\n",
            "392.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-394 \"Jump up\")** [\"Harris could become the first female president after years of breaking racial and gender barriers\"](https://apnews.com/article/kamala-harris-president-democrat-biden-96df4c46fab767269056511037776b15). _Associated Press_. July 21, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240807074158/https://apnews.com/article/kamala-harris-president-democrat-biden-96df4c46fab767269056511037776b15) from the original on August 7, 2024. Retrieved August 6, 2024.\n",
            "393.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-395 \"Jump up\")** Horton, Jake; Cheetham, Joshua (August 12, 2024). [\"Fact-checking claims about Tim Walz's military record\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cze5gzr97ewo). _[BBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC \"BBC\")_. Retrieved September 20, 2024.\n",
            "394.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-396 \"Jump up\")** Zeitz, Joshua (November 15, 2022). [\"4 Ex-Presidents Who Ran Again — And What They Mean for Trump\"](https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/11/15/why-they-ran-again-00066579). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230608190529/https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/11/15/why-they-ran-again-00066579) from the original on June 8, 2023. Retrieved June 18, 2023.\n",
            "395.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-397 \"Jump up\")** Orr, Gabby (November 15, 2022). [\"Former Republican President Donald Trump says he's launching another White House bid\"](https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/15/politics/trump-2024-presidential-bid/index.html). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230115195034/https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/15/politics/trump-2024-presidential-bid/index.html) from the original on January 15, 2023. Retrieved November 15, 2022.\n",
            "396.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-398 \"Jump up\")** Jackson, David; Mansfield, Erin; Looker, Rachel (November 15, 2022). [\"Donald Trump files federal paperwork for 2024 presidential run as GOP debates party future: live updates\"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/11/16/donald-trump-president-candidacy-2024-live-updates/10297004002/). _[USA Today](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Today \"USA Today\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20221116000312/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/11/16/donald-trump-president-candidacy-2024-live-updates/10297004002/) from the original on November 16, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2022.\n",
            "397.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-399 \"Jump up\")** Bravender, Robin (November 10, 2021). [\"A top campaign strategist for Ted Cruz and Glenn Youngkin says 'if Trump runs, Trump will be the nominee' in 2024\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-republican-nominee-2024-biden-kamala-harris-jeff-roe-2021-11). _[Business Insider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220109061340/https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-republican-nominee-2024-biden-kamala-harris-jeff-roe-2021-11) from the original on January 9, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2022. Immediately after Youngkin's upset win last week, political pundits started chattering about whether the Virginia governor-elect was on a fast track to the White House.\n",
            "398.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-400 \"Jump up\")** Hagen, Lisa (March 16, 2022). [\"Trump Appears to Rule Out Pence as Running Mate in Potential 2024 Run\"](https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2022-03-16/trump-appears-to-rule-out-pence-as-running-mate-in-potential-2024-run). _US News & World Report_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230616124509/https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2022-03-16/trump-appears-to-rule-out-pence-as-running-mate-in-potential-2024-run) from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved June 16, 2023.\n",
            "399.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-401 \"Jump up\")** Mangan, Dan (April 4, 2023). [\"NY grand jury indicts Trump in hush money payment case\"](https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/30/donald-trump-indicted-in-hush-money-payment-case.html). _CNBC_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230330232724/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/30/donald-trump-indicted-in-hush-money-payment-case.html) from the original on March 30, 2023. Retrieved March 30, 2023.\n",
            "400.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-402 \"Jump up\")** Sangal, Aditi; Hayes, Mike; Powell, Tori B.; Chowdhury, Maureen; Hammond, Elise; Vogt, Adrienne (June 13, 2023). [\"June 13, 2023 Trump pleads not guilty in historic federal indictment\"](https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/donald-trump-indictment-court-appearance-06-13-23/index.html). _CNN_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230614123344/https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/donald-trump-indictment-court-appearance-06-13-23/index.html) from the original on June 14, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.\n",
            "401.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-403 \"Jump up\")** Zitner, Aaron; Leary, Alex (June 10, 2023). [\"Trump Faces 2024 Split Screen of Campaign and Criminal Trials\"](https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-faces-2024-split-screen-of-campaign-and-criminal-trials-d8d49536). _The Wall Street Journal_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0099-9660](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230610040235/https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-faces-2024-split-screen-of-campaign-and-criminal-trials-d8d49536) from the original on June 10, 2023. Retrieved July 14, 2023.\n",
            "402.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-404 \"Jump up\")** Margaritoff, Marco (July 16, 2022). [\"Trump Fundraising Slows For First Time In 18 Months, Trails DeSantis\"](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-fundraising-slows_n_62d2be11e4b0f69130305225). _[HuffPost](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HuffPost \"HuffPost\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220720105743/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/donald-trump-fundraising-slows_n_62d2be11e4b0f69130305225) from the original on July 20, 2022. Retrieved July 18, 2022.\n",
            "403.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-405 \"Jump up\")** Pengelly, Martin (December 15, 2022). [\"Trump 'is in trouble', says insider after DeSantis surges in 2024 polls\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/dec/14/desantis-trump-2024-republican-presidential-poll). _[The Guardian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian \"The Guardian\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230119185124/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/dec/14/desantis-trump-2024-republican-presidential-poll) from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 22, 2023.\n",
            "404.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-406 \"Jump up\")** Fineout, Gary (December 15, 2022). [\"DeSantis builds his conservative resume as Trump flounders\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2022/12/15/desantis-trump-gop-same-sex-marriage-covid-00074027). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230122151256/https://www.politico.com/news/2022/12/15/desantis-trump-gop-same-sex-marriage-covid-00074027) from the original on January 22, 2023. Retrieved January 22, 2023.\n",
            "405.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-407 \"Jump up\")** Peoples, Steve; Gomez Licon, Adriana; Izaguirre, Anthony (May 24, 2023). [\"DeSantis launches GOP presidential campaign in Twitter announcement plagued by glitches\"](https://apnews.com/article/ron-desantis-2024-presidential-election-live-updates-0495d567326db1e760179d01f1f7c45e). _[Associated Press](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press \"Associated Press\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230524042404/https://apnews.com/article/ron-desantis-2024-presidential-election-live-updates-0495d567326db1e760179d01f1f7c45e) from the original on May 24, 2023. Retrieved November 10, 2023.\n",
            "406.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-408 \"Jump up\")** Pengelly, Martin (May 30, 2023). [\"Ron DeSantis says he will 'destroy leftism' in US if elected president\"](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/may/30/ron-desantis-fox-news-interview-destroy-leftism). _The Guardian_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0261-3077](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230530154015/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/may/30/ron-desantis-fox-news-interview-destroy-leftism) from the original on May 30, 2023. Retrieved May 30, 2023.\n",
            "407.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-409 \"Jump up\")** Morris, G. Elliott (June 28, 2023). [\"Who's ahead in the national polls?\"](https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/president-primary-r/2024/national/). FiveThirtyEight. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230727015337/https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/president-primary-r/2024/national/) from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved July 30, 2023.\n",
            "408.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-410 \"Jump up\")** Weisman, Jonathan (January 15, 2024). [\"Vivek Ramaswamy, Wealthy Political Novice Who Aligned With Trump, Quits Campaign\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/15/us/politics/vivek-ramaswamy-drops-out.html). _[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times \"The New York Times\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240116042653/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/15/us/politics/vivek-ramaswamy-drops-out.html) from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 15, 2024.\n",
            "409.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-411 \"Jump up\")** Hernández, Alec; Dixon, Matt; Burns, Dasha; Allen, Jonathan (January 21, 2024). [\"Ron DeSantis suspends his presidential bid and endorses Trump\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/ron-desantis-planning-drop-presidential-bid-sunday-rcna134953). [NBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_News \"NBC News\"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240121202226/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/ron-desantis-planning-drop-presidential-bid-sunday-rcna134953) from the original on January 21, 2024. Retrieved January 21, 2024.\n",
            "410.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-412 \"Jump up\")** Blake, Aaron (February 24, 2024). [\"3 takeaways from the South Carolina GOP primary\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/02/24/south-carolina-gop-primary-trump-haley/). _[The Washington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post \"The Washington Post\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240229015737/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/02/24/south-carolina-gop-primary-trump-haley/) from the original on February 29, 2024. Retrieved February 27, 2024.\n",
            "411.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-413 \"Jump up\")** Allison, Natalie (March 6, 2024). [\"Nikki Haley drops out of Republican primary\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/03/06/nikki-haley-drop-out-republican-primary-00145301). _[Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico \"Politico\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240307211401/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/03/06/nikki-haley-drop-out-republican-primary-00145301) from the original on March 7, 2024. Retrieved March 6, 2024.\n",
            "412.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-414 \"Jump up\")** Peoples, Steve; Kinnard, Meg (March 6, 2024). [\"Nikki Haley suspends her campaign and leaves Donald Trump as the last major Republican candidate\"](https://apnews.com/article/nikki-haley-republican-trump-super-tuesday-losses-95ab56b68a8eefbbf04ef90f2f00ef29). _apnews.com_. Associated Press. Retrieved August 9, 2024.\n",
            "413.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-415 \"Jump up\")** Allison, Natalie (March 12, 2024). [\"It's official: Donald Trump is the GOP's presumptive presidential nominee\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/03/12/donald-trump-clinches-republican-presidential-nomination-00146675). _Politico_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240313041639/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/03/12/donald-trump-clinches-republican-presidential-nomination-00146675) from the original on March 13, 2024. Retrieved March 12, 2024.\n",
            "414.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Hill-0715_416-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Hill-0715_416-1) Samuels, Brett (July 15, 2024). [\"Trump picks JD Vance for VP\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4708066-donald-trump-jd-vance-vice-president-joe-biden/). _The Hill_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240715193551/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4708066-donald-trump-jd-vance-vice-president-joe-biden/) from the original on July 15, 2024. Retrieved July 15, 2024.\n",
            "415.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-417 \"Jump up\")** [\"JD Vance's Marine Corps Service Would Set Him Apart from Most Vice Presidents | Military.com\"](https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/07/16/jd-vances-marine-corps-service-would-set-him-apart-most-vice-presidents.html?amp). _www.military.com_. Retrieved August 8, 2024.\n",
            "416.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-418 \"Jump up\")** [\"Takeaways from the final night of the Republican National Convention\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/19/politics/takeaways-rnc-day-4/index.html). _[CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\")_. July 19, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240722015254/https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/19/politics/takeaways-rnc-day-4/index.html) from the original on July 22, 2024. Retrieved July 22, 2024.\n",
            "417.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-419 \"Jump up\")** Mueller, Julia; Trudo, Hanna (April 4, 2024). [\"No Labels abandons 2024 presidential effort\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4575052-no-labels-party-passes-2024-election-candidate/). _[The Hill](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hill_/(newspaper/) \"The Hill (newspaper)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240404195251/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4575052-no-labels-party-passes-2024-election-candidate/) from the original on April 4, 2024. Retrieved April 4, 2024.\n",
            "418.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-420 \"Jump up\")** Robertson, Nick (May 26, 2024). [\"Libertarian Party chooses Chase Oliver as presidential nominee\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4687416-libertarian-party-chooses-chase-oliver-as-presidential-nominee/). _[The Hill](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hill_/(newspaper/) \"The Hill (newspaper)\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240527032219/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4687416-libertarian-party-chooses-chase-oliver-as-presidential-nominee/) from the original on May 27, 2024. Retrieved May 27, 2024.\n",
            "419.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-TGP_ballot_access_421-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-TGP_ballot_access_421-1) [\"2024 Presidential Candidate Ballot Access by State\"](https://www.thegreenpapers.com/G24/President-BallotAccessByState.phtml). _The Green Papers_. Retrieved October 2, 2024.\n",
            "420.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-IL_write-in_422-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-IL_write-in_422-1) [\"Write-In Candidates\"](https://wincoil.gov/images/WRITE-IN_NOV_5_2024.pdf) (PDF). [Winnebago County, Illinois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnebago_County,_Illinois \"Winnebago County, Illinois\"). Retrieved October 2, 2024.\n",
            "421.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Ballotpedia_write-in_423-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-Ballotpedia_write-in_423-1) [\"Ballot access for presidential candidates\"](https://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_access_for_presidential_candidates). _[Ballotpedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballotpedia \"Ballotpedia\")_. Retrieved October 2, 2024.\n",
            "422.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-424 \"Jump up\")** Debusmann, Bernd Jr.; Cabral, Sam (November 10, 2023). [\"Jill Stein, Cornell West, Chase Oliver: Who else is running for president in 2024?\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67383271). _BBC_. Retrieved August 25, 2024.\n",
            "423.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-425 \"Jump up\")** Redpath, Bill (June 3, 2023). [\"Peter Sonski is the American Solidarity Party 2024 Presidential nominee\"](https://ballot-access.org/2023/06/03/peter-sonski-is-the-american-solidarity-party-2024-presidential-nominee/). _Ballot Access News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230603135219/https://ballot-access.org/2023/06/03/peter-sonski-is-the-american-solidarity-party-2024-presidential-nominee/) from the original on June 3, 2023. Retrieved June 3, 2023.\n",
            "424.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-426 \"Jump up\")** [\"Approval Voting Party Nominates Blake Huber for President\"](https://ballot-access.org/2024/05/28/approval-voting-nominates-blake-huber-for-president/). _Ballot Access News_. May 28, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240531101801/https://ballot-access.org/2024/05/28/approval-voting-nominates-blake-huber-for-president/) from the original on May 31, 2024. Retrieved July 17, 2024.\n",
            "425.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-427 \"Jump up\")** Winger, Richard (April 27, 2024). [\"Randall Terry Wins Constitution Party's Presidential Nomination\"](https://ballot-access.org/2024/04/27/randall-terry-wins-constitution-partys-presidential-nomination/). _Ballot Access News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240427170926/https://ballot-access.org/2024/04/27/randall-terry-wins-constitution-partys-presidential-nomination/) from the original on April 27, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.\n",
            "426.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-428 \"Jump up\")** Winger, Richard (May 28, 2024). [\"Nevada and Utah Constitution Parties Nominate Joel Skousen for President\"](https://ballot-access.org/2024/05/28/nevada-and-utah-constitution-parties-nominate-joel-skousen-for-president/). _Ballot Access News_.\n",
            "427.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-429 \"Jump up\")** Winger, Richard (May 10, 2023). [\"Prohibition Party Chooses National 2024 Ticket\"](https://ballot-access.org/2023/05/10/prohibition-party-chooses-national-2024-ticket/). Ballot Access News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231129193022/https://ballot-access.org/2023/05/10/prohibition-party-chooses-national-2024-ticket/) from the original on November 29, 2023. Retrieved November 13, 2023.\n",
            "428.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-430 \"Jump up\")** Evans, Jordan Willow (September 11, 2023). [\"Party for Socialism and Liberation Announces 2024 Presidential Ticket\"](https://independentpoliticalreport.com/2023/09/party-for-socialism-and-liberation-announces-2024-presidential-ticket/). _Independent Political Report_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230913021711/https://independentpoliticalreport.com/2023/09/party-for-socialism-and-liberation-announces-2024-presidential-ticket) from the original on September 13, 2023. Retrieved September 27, 2023.\n",
            "429.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-431 \"Jump up\")** [\"2024 Candidate Filings\"](https://vote.utah.gov/2024-candidate-filings/). _Utah Voter Information_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240115191754/https://vote.utah.gov/2024-candidate-filings/) from the original on January 15, 2024. Retrieved January 14, 2024.\n",
            "430.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-432 \"Jump up\")** Barrickman, Nick (February 27, 2024). [\"Socialist Equality Party selects Joseph Kishore and Jerry White as its presidential and vice presidential candidates for the 2024 US election\"](https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/27/qfmi-f27.html). _[World Socialist Web Site](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Socialist_Web_Site \"World Socialist Web Site\")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240316205756/https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/27/qfmi-f27.html) from the original on March 16, 2024. Retrieved March 16, 2024.\n",
            "431.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-433 \"Jump up\")** Sahner, Vivian (March 4, 2024). [\"Vote Socialist Workers Party! Rachele Fruit • Margaret Trowe for president & vice president\"](https://themilitant.com/2024/02/24/vote-socialist-workers-party-2/). _[The Militant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Militant \"The Militant\")_. Vol. 88, no. 9\\. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240306112613/https://themilitant.com/2024/02/24/vote-socialist-workers-party-2/) from the original on March 6, 2024. Retrieved March 16, 2024.\n",
            "432.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-434 \"Jump up\")** [\"About Stodden & Cholensky – SPUSA 2024\"](https://www.spusa2024.org/about-me/). _spusa2024.org_. Stodden Cholensky 2024. 2024. Retrieved September 23, 2024.\n",
            "433.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-:3_435-0 \"Jump up\")** Hippensteel, Chris (June 14, 2023). [\"Cornel West to Run for President With Green Party, Ditches People's Party\"](https://www.thedailybeast.com/cornel-west-wants-to-run-for-president-with-green-party-ditches-peoples-party). _The Daily Beast_. Retrieved July 16, 2023.\n",
            "434.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-:5_436-0 \"Jump up\")** Kennedy, Kaitlyn (June 15, 2023). [\"Cornel West announces presidential run with the Green Party\"](https://www.tag24.com/politics/us-politics/cornel-west-announces-presidential-run-with-the-green-party-2863655). _TAG24_. Retrieved July 16, 2023.\n",
            "435.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-437 \"Jump up\")** Thomas, Ken (October 5, 2023). [\"Cornel West Slams Biden, Trump, and Runs as 2024 Independent\"](https://www.wsj.com/politics/elections/cornel-west-slams-biden-trump-and-runs-as-2024-independent-d44a2af5). _[The Wall Street Journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")_. Retrieved October 5, 2023.\n",
            "436.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-438 \"Jump up\")** Lopez, Ashley (April 17, 2024). [\"Some independent candidates start their own political parties to ease ballot access\"](https://www.npr.org/2024/04/17/1245071939/robert-kennedy-cornel-west-new-minor-parties). _NPR_.\n",
            "437.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-439 \"Jump up\")** Trudo, Hannah; Mueller, Julia (August 23, 2024). [\"RFK Jr. suspends campaign, throws support behind Trump\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4844566-rfk-jr-suspends-campaign-trump/). _The Hill_. Retrieved August 23, 2024.\n",
            "438.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-FiveThirtyEight-2024_442-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-FiveThirtyEight-2024_442-1) Morris, G. Elliott (October 8, 2024). [\"2024 Election Forecast\"](https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2024-election-forecast/). _FiveThirtyEight_. Retrieved October 8, 2024.\n",
            "439.  ^ [Jump up to: _**a**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Economist-2024_443-0) [_**b**_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-The_Economist-2024_443-1) [\"Trump v Harris: The Economist's presidential election prediction model\"](https://www.economist.com/interactive/us-2024-election/prediction-model/president). _[The Economist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economist \"The Economist\")_. Retrieved October 9, 2024.\n",
            "440.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-445 \"Jump up\")** [\"2022 Cook PVI: State Map and List\"](https://www.cookpolitical.com/cook-pvi/2022-partisan-voting-index/state-map-and-list). _[Cook Political Report](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Political_Report \"Cook Political Report\")_. December 15, 2017. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220713122448/https://www.cookpolitical.com/cook-pvi/2022-partisan-voting-index/state-map-and-list) from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 12, 2022.\n",
            "441.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-446 \"Jump up\")** [\"Federal Elections 2020\"](https://www.fec.gov/documents/4227/federalelections2020.pdf) (PDF). [Federal Election Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission \"Federal Election Commission\"). July 2023.\n",
            "442.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-447 \"Jump up\")** Gonzales, Nathan. [\"2024 Presidential Ratings (August 29, 2024)\"](https://www.insideelections.com/ratings/president/2024-presidential-ratings). _Inside Elections_. Retrieved August 29, 2024.\n",
            "443.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-448 \"Jump up\")** [\"2024 CPR Electoral College Ratings\"](https://www.cookpolitical.com/ratings/presidential-race-ratings). [Cook Political Report](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Political_Report \"Cook Political Report\"). July 9, 2024. Retrieved July 9, 2024.\n",
            "444.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-449 \"Jump up\")** [\"2024 CNalysis Pres. Forecast\"](https://projects.cnalysis.com/23-24/president). [CNalysis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNalysis \"CNalysis\"). August 18, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231225012926/https://projects.cnalysis.com/23-24/president) from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved October 7, 2024.\n",
            "445.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-450 \"Jump up\")** Kondik, Kyle; Coleman, J. Miles (September 25, 2024). [\"Electoral College Rating Changes\"](https://centerforpolitics.org/crystalball/rating-changes-nebraska-and-north-carolina/). [Sabato's Crystal Ball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabato%27s_Crystal_Ball \"Sabato's Crystal Ball\"). Retrieved September 25, 2024.\n",
            "446.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-451 \"Jump up\")** [\"Road to 270\"](https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2024/10/01/politics/presidential-election-270-electoral-votes). _[CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\")_. October 1, 2024.\n",
            "447.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-452 \"Jump up\")** [\"2024 Presidential Forecast\"](https://elections2024.thehill.com/forecast/2024/president/). _Decision Desk HQ/The Hill_. Retrieved October 9, 2024.\n",
            "448.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-453 \"Jump up\")** [\"2024 Presidential Election Polls\"](https://today.yougov.com/elections/us/2024). _today.yougov.com_. Retrieved September 29, 2024.\n",
            "449.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-456 \"Jump up\")** McDaniel, Eric (April 14, 2022). [\"Republicans say they're quitting the 'biased' Commission on Presidential Debates\"](https://www.npr.org/2022/04/14/1092916451/republicans-say-theyre-quitting-the-biased-commission-on-presidential-debates). [NPR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPR \"NPR\"). Retrieved January 24, 2024.\n",
            "450.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-457 \"Jump up\")** Boak, Josh; Miller, Zeke; Colvin, Jill (May 15, 2024). [\"Biden and Trump agree to presidential debates in June on CNN and in September on ABC\"](https://apnews.com/article/2024-election-presidential-debates-biden-trump-6b1d1dbb2ed61c7637041b23662d7da8). _[Associated Press](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press \"Associated Press\")_. Retrieved May 15, 2024.\n",
            "451.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-458 \"Jump up\")** Bohannon, Molly. [\"Harris Offers 2 Debates With Trump: 'The Debate About Debates Is Over'\"](https://www.forbes.com/sites/mollybohannon/2024/08/15/harris-offers-2-debates-with-trump-the-debate-about-debates-is-over/). _Forbes_. Retrieved August 16, 2024.\n",
            "452.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-auto1_459-0 \"Jump up\")** Debusmann Jr, Bernd (September 12, 2024). [\"Trump rules out another presidential debate against Harris\"](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn9l9500vg7o). _BBC_. Retrieved September 13, 2024.\n",
            "453.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-460 \"Jump up\")** Gold, Hadas (June 28, 2024). [\"51.27 million viewers tuned in to CNN's presidential debate with Biden and Trump\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/06/28/media/ratings-debate-trump-biden-cnn/index.html). _CNN_. Retrieved July 1, 2024.\n",
            "454.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-461 \"Jump up\")** Shephard, Alex (June 27, 2024). [\"Ditch Biden. That Debate Performance Was a Disaster\"](https://newrepublic.com/article/183242/joe-biden-debate-performance-disaster-trump). _The New Republic_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0028-6583](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-6583). Retrieved July 1, 2024.\n",
            "455.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-462 \"Jump up\")** [\"'Babbling' and 'hoarse': Biden's debate performance sends Democrats into a panic\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/biden-debate-performance-democrats-panic-rcna157279). NBC News. June 27, 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240628025208/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/biden-debate-performance-democrats-panic-rcna157279) from the original on June 28, 2024. Retrieved June 28, 2024.\n",
            "456.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-463 \"Jump up\")** [\"A 'disaster': Biden's shaky start in debate with Trump rattles Democrats\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/disaster-bidens-shaky-start-debate-with-trump-rattles-democrats-2024-06-28/). _Reuters_. June 27, 2024.\n",
            "457.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-464 \"Jump up\")** Elliot G., Morris; Kaleigh, Rogers (June 27, 2024). [\"Biden's biggest weakness – his age – on full display tonight at debate: ANALYSIS\"](https://abcnews.go.com/538/bidens-biggest-weakness-age-full-display-thursday-debate-analysis/story?id=111500745). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240628035529/https://abcnews.go.com/538/bidens-biggest-weakness-age-full-display-thursday-debate-analysis/story?id=111500745) from the original on June 28, 2024. Ultimately, Biden won the debate on policy but lost it on presentation, and failed to reassure voters he is up for another four years.\n",
            "458.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-465 \"Jump up\")** Ryan, Brad; Clark, Emily; Macmillan, Jade; Thorpe, Andrew; Bevan, Matt (June 27, 2024). [\"Biden stumbles as Trump deflects in 'game-changing' presidential debate — as it happened\"](https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-06-28/us-presidential-debate-joe-biden-donald-trump-atlanta-cnn/104029404). _ABC News_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240628073808/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-06-28/us-presidential-debate-joe-biden-donald-trump-atlanta-cnn/104029404) from the original on June 28, 2024. Retrieved June 28, 2024.\n",
            "459.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-466 \"Jump up\")** Long, Colleen; Kim, Seung Min (July 5, 2024). [\"Biden dismisses age questions in interview as he tries to salvage reelection effort\"](https://apnews.com/article/president-joe-biden-campaign-wisconsin-abc-news-e4657f86f5e82b10a5fefb526bc49b08). _Associated Press_. Retrieved July 6, 2024.\n",
            "460.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-467 \"Jump up\")** Cameron, Chris (June 28, 2024). [\"Obama Defends Biden: 'Bad Debate Nights Happen'\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/28/us/politics/obama-biden-debate.html). _The New York Times_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved June 29, 2024.\n",
            "461.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-468 \"Jump up\")** Teshome, Eden (June 28, 2024). [\"Hillary Clinton after debate: 'I'll be voting Biden'\"](https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4746275-hillary-clinton-after-debate-voting-biden/). _The Hill_. Retrieved June 29, 2024.\n",
            "462.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-469 \"Jump up\")** Patten, Dominic; Johnson, Ted (September 11, 2024). [\"Presidential Debate TV Review: Kamala Harris Baits Raging Donald Trump Into His Worst Self In Face-Off\"](https://deadline.com/2024/09/presidential-debate-highlights-recap-trump-harris-1236084242/). _Deadline Hollywood_.\n",
            "463.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-470 \"Jump up\")** Johnson, Ted (September 11, 2024). [\"ABC News' Trump-Harris Debate Draws 67.1 Million, Far More Than June's Trump-Biden Event\"](https://deadline.com/2024/09/trump-harris-debate-ratings-1236085057/). _[Deadline Hollywood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood \"Deadline Hollywood\")_. Retrieved September 14, 2024.\n",
            "464.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-471 \"Jump up\")** Marquez, Alexandra; Alcindor, Yamiche (August 3, 2024). [\"Trump ditches upcoming ABC debate, proposes Fox News debate instead\"](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-ditches-abc-debate-agrees-fox-news-kamala-rcna164992). _NBC News_. Retrieved August 6, 2024.\n",
            "465.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-472 \"Jump up\")** Lynch, James (August 27, 2024). [\"Trump Confirms ABC Debate against Kamala Harris Will Move Forward\"](https://www.nationalreview.com/news/trump-confirms-abc-debate-against-kamala-harris-will-move-forward/). _National Review_. Retrieved August 27, 2024.\n",
            "466.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-cnnsept8_473-0 \"Jump up\")** Bradner, Eric; Zeleny, Jeff; Treene, Alayna; John, Arit (September 8, 2024). [\"Harris prepares for the showdown she's long sought with Trump as he takes more informal approach\"](https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/08/politics/kamala-harris-donald-trump-debate/index.html). _CNN_.\n",
            "467.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-auto_474-0 \"Jump up\")** Hoffman, Riley (September 10, 2024). [\"READ: Harris-Trump presidential debate transcript\"](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harris-trump-presidential-debate-transcript/story?id=113560542). _ABC News_. Retrieved September 20, 2024.\n",
            "468.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-475 \"Jump up\")** Collinson, Stephen (September 11, 2024). [\"Analysis: Harris bests Trump in debate but there's no guarantee it will shape the election\"](https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/11/politics/harris-trump-debate-analysis/index.html). _CNN_. Retrieved September 11, 2024.\n",
            "469.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-476 \"Jump up\")** [\"Harris won the debate — and it wasn't close\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/09/11/harris-biden-debate-winner-takeaways-00178442). _Politico_. September 11, 2024.\n",
            "470.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-477 \"Jump up\")** [\"Harris Dominates as Trump Gets Defensive: 6 Takeaways From the Debate\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/11/us/politics/trump-harris-debate-takeaways.html). _The New York Times_. September 11, 2024.\n",
            "471.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-478 \"Jump up\")** Anderson, Zac. [\"Who won the debate? Harris' forceful performance rattles a defensive Trump\"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/09/10/who-won-harris-trump-presidential-debate/75148815007/). _USA TODAY_. Retrieved September 11, 2024.\n",
            "472.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-479 \"Jump up\")** Griffiths, Brent D. (September 11, 2024). [\"All the signs Trump lost the debate\"](https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-lost-debate-polls-prediction-market-reaction-taylor-swift-rematch-2024-9). _Business Insider_. Retrieved September 11, 2024.\n",
            "473.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-480 \"Jump up\")** Levitz, Eric (September 11, 2024). [\"Donald Trump lost the debate because he's too online\"](https://www.vox.com/politics/371345/trump-harris-debate-winner-truth-social). _Vox_. Retrieved September 11, 2024.\n",
            "474.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-481 \"Jump up\")** Bayoumi, Moustafa; Brown, LaTosha; Davis, Ben; Green, Lloyd; Mahdawi, Arwa; Sunkara, Bhaskar (September 11, 2024). [\"Who won Kamala Harris and Donald Trump's first debate? Our panel reacts\"](https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/sep/11/who-won-harris-trump-debate). _The Guardian_. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_/(identifier/) \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0261-3077](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077). Retrieved September 11, 2024.\n",
            "475.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-482 \"Jump up\")** [\"'Donald Trump got destroyed': See Maddow and MSNBC panel instantly react to historic debate\"](https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/watch/-donald-trump-got-destroyed-see-maddow-and-msnbc-panel-instantly-react-to-historic-debate-219049029612). _MSNBC.com_. Retrieved September 11, 2024.\n",
            "476.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-483 \"Jump up\")** Barabak, Mark (September 11, 2024). [\"Column: Trump was Trump in his debate with Kamala Harris — which is why he came across so poorly\"](https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-09-11/trump-harris-presidential-debate-analysis-barabak). _Los Angeles Times_. Retrieved September 11, 2024.\n",
            "477.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-485 \"Jump up\")** Blake, Aaron (September 11, 2024). [\"How resounding was Kamala Harris's debate win? Let's look at the polls\"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/09/11/kamala-harris-debate-performance-polls/). _The Washington Post_.\n",
            "478.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-486 \"Jump up\")** Ulmer, Alexandra (September 11, 2024). [\"At debate, Trump shares falsehoods about pet-eating, infanticide\"](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/debate-trump-shares-falsehoods-about-pet-eating-infanticide-2024-09-11/). _Reuters_. Retrieved September 11, 2024.\n",
            "479.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-487 \"Jump up\")** Staff writer (September 11, 2024). [\"Fact-checking the ABC News presidential debate\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/10/politics/fact-check-debate-trump-harris/index.html). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"). Retrieved September 27, 2024.\n",
            "480.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-488 \"Jump up\")** Bauder, David (September 11, 2024). [\"As Trump and Harris spar, ABC's moderators grapple with conducting a debate in a polarized country\"](https://apnews.com/article/trump-harris-abc-muir-debate-80459d35f25c8fd3207c558bdb7e2339). _Associated Press_. Retrieved September 13, 2024.\n",
            "481.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-politicosept11_489-0 \"Jump up\")** Ngo, Emily; Leonard, Kimberly; Allison, Natalie; Piper, Jessica; Otterbein, Holly (September 11, 2024). [\"Republicans have an answer for Trump's poor debate performance\"](https://www.politico.com/news/2024/09/11/republicans-blame-moderators-trump-debate-performance-00178591). _Politico_. Retrieved September 13, 2024.\n",
            "482.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-490 \"Jump up\")** Price, Michelle L.; Megerian, Chris; Colvin, Jill; Weisssert, Will (October 2, 2024). [\"Walz and Vance go in depth on policy while attacking each other's running mates in VP debate\"](https://apnews.com/article/vance-walz-vice-presidential-debate-election-66ff2e5e45a8dda55b0a2242fc238fdc). Associated Press.\n",
            "483.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-491 \"Jump up\")** Stelter, Brian (October 2, 2024). [\"43 million watched Walz-Vance VP debate, in significant drop from 2020 matchup\"](https://www.cnn.com/2024/10/02/media/vp-debate-ratings-vance-walz-cbs/index.html). _[CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN \"CNN\")_. Retrieved October 5, 2024.\n",
            "484.  **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election#cite_ref-492 \"Jump up\")** Pinto, Jennifer De; Backus, Fred; Khanna, Kabir; Salvanto, Anthony (October 2, 2024). [\"Who won the VP debate? Here's what debate watchers said in CBS News poll\"](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/cbs-news-vp-debate-poll-2024/). _CBS News_. Retrieved October 3, 2024.\n",
            "\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "response = model.generate_content(f\"Use the provided content:{content} to answer the following questions. {question}\")\n",
        "print(response.text)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "2UwmNUahxxSg",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 297
        },
        "outputId": "e60f177f-710e-43b3-d959-f15632b51f01"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Based on the provided information, the 2024 US presidential election is incredibly close, but the content leans slightly towards Kamala Harris winning. \n",
            "\n",
            "Here's a breakdown of the information:\n",
            "\n",
            "* **Polls:**  While the polls show Harris slightly ahead of Trump, they are very close, and the race is described as \"exceptionally close.\" \n",
            "* **Swing States:**  The outcome likely hinges on the crucial swing states, which are currently competitive. This means either candidate could win them.\n",
            "* **Electoral College Forecasts:**  While specific forecasts are not mentioned, it is noted that analysts and pundits are issuing probabilistic forecasts for the Electoral College, using various factors to estimate the likelihood of each candidate winning.\n",
            "\n",
            "**Important Considerations:**\n",
            "\n",
            "* **The content was published in 2015:**  The Wikipedia article, while updated with some information about the 2024 election, was originally published in 2015.  A lot can change in the political landscape in almost a decade! \n",
            "* **The election is in the future:**  Predicting an election so far out is extremely difficult.  Unexpected events, changes in voter sentiment, and many other factors could influence the outcome.\n",
            "\n",
            "**In conclusion:** The provided content suggests a very close race, with no definitive winner.  It is impossible to say with certainty who will win the 2024 US presidential election. \n",
            "\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Wrap-Up\n",
        "Jina AI Reader API can easily be integrated in workflows.\n",
        "- Webscrapping\n",
        "- Gemini Integration\n",
        "- Search grounding"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "evFwzRRhx_6A"
      }
    }
  ]
}